Windmills in Jersey

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Jersey has had a number of windmills over the centuries. They were mostly corn mills, and about half of those built survive in one form or another.

Jersey British Crown Dependency

Jersey, officially the Bailiwick of Jersey, is a British Crown dependency located near the coast of Normandy, France. It is the second closest of the Channel Islands to France, after Alderney.

Windmill machine that converts the energy of wind into rotational energy

A windmill is a structure that converts the energy of wind into rotational energy by means of vanes called sails or blades. Centuries ago, windmills usually were used to mill grain (gristmills), pump water (windpumps), or both. There are windmills that convert the rotational energy directly into heat. The majority of modern windmills take the form of wind turbines used to generate electricity, or windpumps used to pump water, either for land drainage or to extract groundwater. Windmills first appeared in Persia in the 9th century AD, and were later independently invented in Europe.

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Bel Royal Windmill

Bel Royal windmill was painted by Isabella Struthers in 1884. The owner in 1886 was a Mr Gosset, who lost the mill due to a bank failure. The new owner demolished the mill and built a terrace of houses in its place. [1]

Elizabeth Castle Windmill

The existence of a windmill at Elizabeth Castle is indicated by the demolition of Windmill Rock, an outcrop in the unfortified Green. Between the construction of the Lower Ward (1636) and the construction of Fort Charles (1646–1647), the northern part of L'Islet was undeveloped militarily. In the centre of this Green stood a windmill on a rocky promontory. In 1646 it was decided to entrench the Green and quarry away the Windmill Rock. Construction of the Windmill Tower was started in 1651 on the site of the Windmill Rock. Buildings constructed in the early 19th century now cover the site. [2] The existence of this mill is disputed. [1]

Elizabeth Castle A castle on a tidal island in the parish of Saint Helier, Jersey

Elizabeth Castle is a castle and tourist attraction, on a tidal island within the parish of Saint Helier, Jersey. Construction was started in the 16th century when the power of cannon meant that the existing stronghold at Mont Orgueil was insufficient to defend the Island and the port of St. Helier was vulnerable to attack by ships armed with cannon.

Moulin de Grouville

The Moulin de Grouville or Moulin de Beauvoir is an early nineteenth century tower mill of five storeys. During World War Two it was converted into an artillery observation tower by the Germans. It is now a house conversion and is listed on the Jersey Register of Historic Buildings. [1]

Grouville Jersey parish

Grouville is one of the twelve parishes of Jersey in the Channel Islands. The parish is in the south east of the island and is dominated by the broad sweep of the Royal Bay of Grouville. The parish covers a surface area of 4,354 vergées (7.8 km²). It borders Saint Clement, Saint Saviour and Saint Martin.

St Jean Windmill

St Jean Windmill was standing in 1848. [1]

St Mary Windmill

St Mary Windmill was standing in 1848. [1]

St Ouen's Windmill

St Ouen's Windmill, or Moulin de la Campagne is a tower mill in Grantez, Saint Ouen, that was converted into an artillery observation post by the Germans during World War Two. It is listed on the Jersey Register of Historic Buildings. [1]

Saint Ouen, Jersey Jersey parish

Saint Ouen is one of the twelve parishes of Jersey in the Channel Islands. It is in the north west of Jersey. The parish is the largest parish by surface area, covering 8,341 vergées (15 km²).

St Peter's Windmill

St Peter's Windmill is a tower mill that was in existence by 1848. [1] Photographs show it to have been a five-storey tower mill with a domed cap carrying four patent sails and winded by a fantail. The mill did not have a stage. It was derelict for many years until converted into a pub in the 1950s. [3] It has been converted into a shop and restaurant. The sails are not an authentic reproduction of the originals. [1]

Windmills are powered by their sails. Sails are found in different designs, from primitive common sails to the advanced patent sails.

Windmill fantail

A fantail is a small windmill mounted at right angles to the sails, at the rear of the windmill, and which turns the cap automatically to bring it into the wind. The fantail was patented in 1745 by Edmund Lee, a blacksmith working at Brockmill Forge near Wigan, England, and perfected on mills around Leeds and Hull towards the end of the 18th century. Fantails are found on all types of traditional windmills and are especially useful where changes in wind direction are frequent. They are more common in England, Denmark and Germany than in other parts of Europe, and are little-known on windmills elsewhere except where English millwrighting traditions were in evidence.

Pub drinking establishment

A pub, or public house, is an establishment licensed to sell alcoholic drinks, which traditionally include beer and cider. It is a social drinking establishment and a prominent part of British, Irish, Breton, New Zealand, South African and Australian cultures. In many places, especially in villages, a pub is the focal point of the community. In his 17th-century diary Samuel Pepys described the pub as "the heart of England".

Moulin de Rozel

The Moulin de Rozel is a tower mill built in 1799. The mill was dismantled in 1916 and during World War Two it was converted into an artillery observation post. It is listed on the Jersey Register of Historic Buildings. [1]

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National Trust for Jersey charitable organisation in Jersey

The National Trust for Jersey is a charitable organisation which aims at preserving and safeguarding sites of historic, aesthetic and natural interest in Jersey.

Great Mill, Sheerness

Great Mill or Ride's Mill is a Grade II listed smock mill just off the High Street in Sheerness, Kent, England, that was demolished in 1924, and now has a new smock tower built on it as residential accommodation.

Ringle Crouch Green Mill

Ringle Crouch Green Mill is a smock mill in Sandhurst, Kent, England, that was demolished to base level in 1945, and now has a new smock tower built on it as residential accommodation and an electricity generator.

Waterhall Mill, Patcham

Waterhall Mill, also known as Westdene Windmill, is a grade II listed tower mill at Westdene, Sussex, England which has been converted to residential use.

Stone Cross Windmill

Stone Cross Windmill is a grade II* listed tower mill at Stone Cross, Sussex, England which has been restored and is open to the public. The mill was also known as Blackness Mill and the White Mill.

Pratts Mill, Crowborough

Pratt's Mill is a tower mill at Crowborough, Sussex, England which has been truncated and converted to residential accommodation.

Walters Mill, Mark Cross

Walter's Mill is a tower mill at Mark Cross, Sussex, England which has been converted to residential accommodation.

Wray Common Mill, Reigate

Wray Common Mill is a grade II* listed tower mill at Reigate, Surrey, England which has been converted to residential use.

Geology of Jersey

The geology of Jersey is characterised by the Late Proterozoic Brioverian volcanics, the Cadomian Orogeny, and only small signs of later deposits from the Cambrian and Quaternary periods. The kind of rocks go from conglomerate to shale, volcanic, intrusive and plutonic igneous rocks of many compositions, and metamorphic rocks as well, thus including most major types.

Frimley Green Windmill is a Grade II listed tower mill at Frimley Green, Surrey, England, which has been converted to residential use.

Hohlgangsanlage tunnels, Jersey a number of tunnels constructed in Jersey by occupying German forces during the occupation of Jersey

Hohlgangsanlage are a number of tunnels constructed in Jersey by occupying German forces during the occupation of Jersey. The Germans intended these bunkers to protect troops and equipment from aerial bombing and to act as fortifications in their own right.

Flixton Road Mill, Bungay Grade II listed windmill in Bungay, Suffolk, UK

Flixton Road Mill is a tower mill at Bungay, Suffolk, England which has been truncated and converted to residential accommodation. The structure is a Grade II listed building.

Corton Windmill grade II listed windmill in the United kingdom

Corton Mill is a Grade II listed tower mill at Corton, Suffolk, England which has been converted to residential accommodation.

Skouldings Mill, Kelsale grade II listed windmill in the United kingdom

Skoulding's Mill is a Grade II listed tower mill at Kelsale, Suffolk, England which has been converted to residential accommodation.

Lound Windmill

Lound Mill is a tower mill at Lound, Suffolk, England which has been converted to residential accommodation.

Croxley Green Windmill is a Grade II listed tower mill at Croxley Green, Hertfordshire, England which has been converted to residential accommodation.

Great Ellingham Windmill grade II listed windmill in the United kingdom

Great Ellingham Windmill is a Grade II listed tower mill in Great Ellingham, Norfolk, England which has been converted to residential accommodation.

Lambert Castle United States national historic site

Lambert Castle, originally called Belle Vista, is located within the Garret Mountain Reservation in Paterson, Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. The building was built in 1892 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 3, 1976.

Vingtaine de Rozel vingtaine in Saint Martin, Jersey

Rozel is a place name describing two identically named vingtaines in the Channel Island of Jersey- the Vingtaine de Rozel of St Martin and the Vingtaine de Rozel of Trinity.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Windmills of Guernsey". Windmill World. Retrieved 2008-05-02.
  2. ↑ Elizabeth Castle, Rybot, Jersey 1986 edition, ISBN   0-901897-15-9
  3. ↑ "The Windmill St. Peter". Planefacts. Retrieved 2008-05-02.

Books

Knocker, G S (1936). The Windmills of Jersey.

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