The following is a list of websites, separated by country, that have been designated by journalists and researchers as likely being part of troll farms.
Name | Domain | Status | Notes | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
bients[.]com | bients[.]com | Often spreading fake stories, often of political nature. | [1] | |
The Predicted | ThePredicted[.]com | Supported Bernie Sanders during the 2016 U.S. Democratic Primaries and 2016 US Presidential Election with false stories about Hillary Clinton. | [1] |
The following is a list of websites linked to a group based in Cambodia that posted death hoaxes about public figures in order to spread malware.
Name | Domain | Status | Notes | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
bx24news[.]com | bx24news[.]com | [2] | ||
thedailynews24hr[.]com | thedailynews24hr[.]com | [3] | ||
Daily90news[.]com | Daily90news[.]com | [2] | ||
e365media[.]com | e365media[.]com | [2] | ||
fnews2[.]com | fnews2[.]com | [4] | ||
freshnews49[.]com | freshnews49[.]com | [2] | ||
Freshnews85[.]com | Freshnews85[.]com | [2] | ||
mz24news[.]com | mz24news[.]com | [5] | ||
news28link[.]com | news28link[.]com | [6] | ||
news37zone[.]com | news37zone[.]com | [2] | ||
Newsa24daily[.]com | Newsa24daily[.]com | [7] | ||
newsidaily[.]com | newsidaily[.]com | [2] | ||
newskdaily[.]com | newskdaily[.]com | [8] | ||
ranksnews[.]com | ranksnews[.]com | [2] | ||
todaynewsbd[.]com | todaynewsbd[.]com | [2] | ||
wreddismorce[.]com | wreddismorce[.]com | [2] |
The following websites are part of a network of fake news websites registered in Ghana between 2016 and 2018, many of which have spread death hoaxes about public figures.
Name | Domain | Status | Notes | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
1ivescores[.]com | 1ivescores[.]com | [9] | ||
1ndependent[.]co[.]uk | 1ndependent[.]co[.]uk | [9] | ||
ab[.]cnewsgo[.]com | ab[.]cnewsgo[.]com | [9] | ||
abcnewgo[.]com | abcnewgo[.]com | [9] | ||
aljazeera-TV[.]com | aljazeera-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
aljazeeranews-TV[.]com | aljazeeranews-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
allafricanews[.]co[.]za | allafricanews[.]co[.]za | [9] | ||
asianews-TV[.]com | asianews-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
bbctimes[.]com | bbctimes[.]com | [9] | ||
boroughtimes[.]com | boroughtimes[.]com | [9] | ||
breaking-bbc[.]co[.]uk | breaking-bbc[.]co[.]uk | [9] | ||
Breaking-CNN.com | Breaking-CNN[.]com | Responsible for publishing numerous death hoaxes, including one for former First Lady Barbara Bush one day after her announcement that she would halt all further medical treatment in 2018. Designed to emulate CNN. | [10] [9] | |
cbn-TV[.]com | cbn-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
channels-3[.]com | channels-3[.]com | [9] | ||
City-Herald[.]com | City-Herald[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [9] | |
cnewsgo[.]com | cnewsgo[.]com | [9] | ||
cnn-channel[.]com | cnn-channel[.]com | [9] | ||
da1lymail[.]com | da1lymail[.]com | [9] | ||
dailynews[.]tv | dailynews[.]tv | [9] | ||
dream1k[.]com | dream1k[.]com | [9] | ||
dw-tv3[.]com | dw-tv3[.]com | [9] | ||
elpais-TV[.]com | elpais-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
express-co[.]uk | express-co[.]uk | [9] | ||
Florida-times[.]com | Florida-times[.]com | [9] | ||
football-usa[.]com | football-usa[.]com | [9] | ||
Fox-news24.com | Fox-news24[.]com | Defunct | Imitates Fox News. Site currently down. | [12] [13] [9] |
foxnewsr[.]com | foxnewsr[.]com | [9] | ||
france24-TV[.]com | france24-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
global-news-views[.]news | global-news-views[.]news | [9] | ||
glonews360[.]com | glonews360[.]com | [9] | ||
Houston Chronicle TV | houstonchronicle-TV[.]com | Not affiliated with the legitimate Houston Chronicle . | [14] [15] [16] [9] | |
huffingtonpost-fm[.]com | huffingtonpost-fm[.]com | [9] | ||
jetsanza[.]com | jetsanza[.]com | [9] | ||
livetv-news[.]com | livetv-news[.]com | [9] | ||
local-reports[.]com | local-reports[.]com | [9] | ||
m1rror[.]com | m1rror[.]com | [9] | ||
mailonline-TV[.]com | mailonline-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
maltatodays[.]com | maltatodays[.]com | [9] | ||
manhattan-post[.]com | manhattan-post[.]com | [9] | ||
meganews360[.]com | meganews360[.]com | [9] | ||
metro-uk[.]com | metro-uk[.]com | [9] | ||
miami-express[.]com | miami-express[.]com | [9] | ||
Michigan-herald[.]com | Michigan-herald[.]com | [9] | ||
mtv-tv3[.]com | mtv-tv3[.]com | [9] | ||
naij[.]cbn-tv[.]com | naij[.]cbn-tv[.]com | [9] | ||
news-TV[.]co[.]uk | news-TV[.]co[.]uk | [9] | ||
news[.]cbn-tv[.]com | news[.]cbn-tv[.]com | [9] | ||
news24-channel[.]com | news24-channel[.]com | [9] | ||
news24-TV[.]com | news24-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
news360-TV[.]com | news360-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
news7pm[.]com | news7pm[.]com | Plagiarized its footer from The Last Line of Defense. | [17] | |
newsdaily-TV[.]com | newsdaily-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
NewsPhD[.]com | NewsPhD[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [9] | |
nydailynews-TV[.]com | nydailynews-TV[.]com | Impostor site, per PolitiFact | [11] [9] | |
nytimes-news[.]com | nytimes-news[.]com | [9] | ||
ondamic[.]com | ondamic[.]com | [9] | ||
online[.]read-news[.]com | online[.]read-news[.]com | [9] | ||
online[.]states-tv[.]com | online[.]states-tv[.]com | [9] [11] | ||
parliaments[.]eu | parliaments[.]eu | [9] | ||
primenews-TV[.]com | primenews-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
radiogtv[.]com | radiogtv[.]com | [9] | ||
read-news[.]com | read-news[.]com | [9] | ||
smithrise[.]com | smithrise[.]com | [9] | ||
states-news[.]com | states-news[.]com | [9] | ||
stluciantimes[.]com | stluciantimes[.]com | [9] | ||
streethitz[.]com | streethitz[.]com | [9] | ||
te1egraph[.]co[.]uk | te1egraph[.]co[.]uk | [9] | ||
te1egraph[.]com | te1egraph[.]com | [9] | ||
telegraph-TV[.]com | telegraph-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
Texas-express[.]com | Texas-express[.]com | [9] | ||
theguard1an[.]com | theguard1an[.]com | [9] | ||
theguidian[.]com | theguidian[.]com | [9] | ||
times1live[.]co[.]za | times1live[.]co[.]za | [9] | ||
TV-bbc[.]com | TV-bbc[.]com | [9] | ||
TV-cnn[.]com | TV-cnn[.]com | [9] | ||
updater24[.]com | updater24[.]com | [9] | ||
USA-Radio[.]com | USA-Radio[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [9] | |
USA360-TV[.]com | USA360-TV[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [9] | |
USA Television | Usa-television[.]com | Impostor site, per FactCheck.org and PolitiFact. Affiliated with Fox-news24.com. | [18] [11] [9] | |
usanews-TV[.]com | usanews-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
usatoday-TV[.]com | usatoday-TV[.]com | [9] | ||
za[.]i-telecast[.]com | za[.]i-telecast[.]com | [9] |
The following websites are part of a network of fake news sites registered in North Macedonia for profit motives between the 2016 and 2020 US Presidential Election campaigns.
A 2018 report by Buzzfeed News linked the owners of an American fake news website, Liberty Writers News, to a Macedonian media attorney who operated numerous "fake news" websites during the six month lead-up to the 2016 Presidential Election. As of 2018, the governments of the United States and "at least two Western European countries" were investigating a possible connection between the Macedonian fake news sites and the Internet Research Agency, as an IRA employee was known to visit North Macedonia in 2015. [19]
Name | Domain | Status | Notes | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
24wpn[.]com | 24wpn[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
247NewsMedia[.]com | 247NewsMedia[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
abcnews[.]live | abcnews[.]live | Spoof of ABC News. | [20] [21] | |
About2Day[.]com | About2Day[.]com | Same owner as DailyHeadlinesNow[.]com. | [22] | |
akniinfo.com | akniinfo.com | [23] | ||
AmericanPeopleNetwork[.]com | AmericanPeopleNetwork[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
AMPosts[.]com | AMPosts[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [24] | |
armyusanews[.]com | armyusanews[.]com | [23] | ||
aweirdworld[.]net | aweirdworld[.]net | [23] | ||
beaware[.]one | beaware[.]one | Published by a Macedonian officer at the Ministry of Defense. | [25] | |
bestconservativenews[.]com | bestconservativenews[.]com | [21] | ||
BlueVision[.]news | BlueVision[.]news | Per PolitiFact. Copied story from the Last Line of Defense. | [11] [26] [24] | |
boss24[.]net | boss24[.]net | [23] | ||
bossfeed[.]net | bossfeed[.]net | [23] | ||
breaktimedaily[.]com | breaktimedaily[.]com | [21] | ||
butam[.]net | butam[.]net | [23] | ||
BuzzFeedUSA[.]com | BuzzFeedUSA[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Not to be confused with BuzzFeed. | [11] [27] [28] | |
BVA News | BVAnews[.]com | Pro-Trump website reportedly developed by a Macedonian teenager in 2016. | [29] [30] [31] | |
cbinfo24[.]com | cbinfo24[.]com | [23] [32] | ||
ciceinfo[.]com | ciceinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
cole24info[.]com | cole24info[.]com | [23] | ||
conscountry[.]us | conscountry[.]us | [21] | ||
Conservative Army | Conservativearmy88[.]com | Per FactCheck.org and PolitiFact. | [18] [11] [19] | |
conservativecolumns[.]com | conservativecolumns[.]com | [21] | ||
ConservativeDailyPost[.]com | ConservativeDailyPost[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [33] | |
Conservative Fighters | conservativefighters[.]com | [34] [35] [36] | ||
conservativefighters[.]org | conservativefighters[.]org | [35] [36] | ||
Conservative Flash News | ConservativeFlashNews[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Copied story from the Last Line of Defense. | [11] [37] [24] | |
conservativeforever[.]com | conservativeforever[.]com | [35] [36] | ||
Conservative Info Corner | ConservativeInfoCorner[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Shares the same website metadata as redcountry[.]us. | [11] [38] | |
conservativemedia[.]com | conservativemedia[.]com | [35] [36] | ||
conservativenation[.]us | conservativenation[.]us | [21] | ||
ConservativePaper[.]com | ConservativePaper[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [21] | |
ConservativePoliticus[.]com | ConservativePoliticus[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Same owner as DailyHeadlinesNow[.]com. | [11] [22] | |
conservativestate[.]com | conservativestate[.]com | [31] | ||
theconsinfo[.]com | theconsinfo[.]com | [21] | ||
ConsPatriot[.]com | ConsPatriot[.]com | Same owner as DailyHeadlinesNow[.]com. | [22] | |
coolinfo24[.]com | coolinfo24[.]com | [23] | ||
crazyifonews[.]com | crazyifonews[.]com | [23] | ||
cukam[.]com | cukam[.]com | [23] | ||
cukaminfo[.]com | cukaminfo[.]com | [23] | ||
cukammedia[.]com | cukammedia[.]com | [23] | ||
cvikas[.]com | cvikas[.]com | [23] | ||
cvikasdrv[.]com | cvikasdrv[.]com | [23] | ||
cvikasinfo[.]com | cvikasinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
cvrcinfo[.]com | cvrcinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
Daily Info Box | DailyInfoBox[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Shares the same website metadata as redcountry[.]us. | [11] [38] | |
DailyHeadlinesNow[.]com | DailyHeadlinesNow[.]com | [22] | ||
dailynewsdiscovery[.]com | dailynewsdiscovery[.]com | [23] | ||
dailynewspolitic[.]com | dailynewspolitic[.]com | [31] | ||
dailypolitics[.]info | dailypolitics[.]info | [31] | ||
dailyrethink[.]com | dailyrethink[.]com | Published by a Macedonian officer at the Ministry of Defense. | [25] | |
Daily Sid News | DailySidNews[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Copied story from The Last Line of Defense. | [11] [39] | |
Daily USA Update | dailyusaupdate[.]com | Falsely claimed that Scott Baio died in a plane crash. | [40] [41] [42] [21] | |
dawnlightnews[.]com | dawnlightnews[.]com | Published by a Macedonian officer at the Ministry of Defense. | [25] | |
derven[.]net | derven[.]net | [23] | ||
dotinfo24[.]com | dotinfo24[.]com | [23] | ||
Donald Trump News | DonaldTrumpNews[.]co | [31] | ||
donaldtrumpnews[.]net | donaldtrumpnews[.]net | [35] [36] | ||
The Examiner | Theexaminer[.]site | Per FactCheck.org and PolitiFact. | [18] [11] [43] | |
extraordinaryinfo[.]com | extraordinaryinfo[.]com | Published by a Macedonian officer at the Ministry of Defense. | [25] | |
fergieinfo[.]com | fergieinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
forfreedomworld[.]com | forfreedomworld[.]com | [23] | ||
FreshDailyReport[.]com | FreshDailyReport[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
Global Politics Now | GlobalPoliticsNow[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
GlobalRevolutionNetwork[.]com | GlobalRevolutionNetwork[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Republished a hoax about worldwide blackout. | [11] [44] | |
Guerilla News | Guerillanews[.]com | Falsely claimed that President Obama cancelled Peace Officers Memorial Day. | [18] [45] | |
hardcoreusanews[.]com | hardcoreusanews[.]com | [23] | ||
HealthyFoodHouse[.]com | HealthyFoodHouse[.]com | [46] | ||
HealthyWorldHouse[.]com | HealthyWorldHouse[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
hotmedia24[.]com | hotmedia24[.]com | [23] | ||
ilovemyamerica[.]net | ilovemyamerica[.]net | [23] | ||
kevkainfo[.]com | kevkainfo[.]com | [23] | ||
libertyinfo[.]net | libertyinfo[.]net | [23] | ||
libertyinfonews[.]com | libertyinfonews[.]com | [23] | ||
libertymagazine[.]net | libertymagazine[.]net | [23] | ||
libertynews[.]net | libertynews[.]net | [23] | ||
thelibertynews[.]us | thelibertynews[.]us | [21] | ||
Liberty Raise | Thelibertyraise[.]com | Per FactCheck.org. | [32] [21] | |
libertysignal[.]com | libertysignal[.]com | [35] [36] | ||
libertytoday[.]net | libertytoday[.]net | [23] | ||
liberyinfo[.]com | liberyinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
liberyinfo24[.]com | liberyinfo24[.]com | [23] | ||
lifeeventweb[.]com | lifeeventweb[.]com | [23] | ||
lifeinfo24[.]net | lifeinfo24[.]net | [23] | ||
ludinfo24[.]com | ludinfo24[.]com | [23] | ||
m2voice[.]co[.]uk | m2voice[.]co[.]uk | Published by a Macedonian officer at the Ministry of Defense. | [25] | |
m2voice[.]com | m2voice[.]com | Published by a Macedonian officer at the Ministry of Defense. | [25] | |
MacedoniaOnline[.]eu | MacedoniaOnline[.]eu | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
magakagnews[.]com | magakagnews[.]com | [23] | ||
magazinefornews[.]com | magazinefornews[.]com | [23] | ||
matyinfo[.]com | matyinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
meryinfo[.]com | meryinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
mm24info[.]com | mm24info[.]com | [23] | ||
mminfo24[.]com | mminfo24[.]com | [23] | ||
myamazingnews[.]com | myamazingnews[.]com | [23] | ||
mycrezynews[.]com | mycrezynews[.]com | [23] | ||
mydeeptruth[.]com | mydeeptruth[.]com | [23] | ||
mydeplorables[.]net | mydeplorables[.]net | [23] | ||
myinfonews[.]com | myinfonews[.]com | [23] | ||
myliberty[.]one | myliberty[.]one | [23] | ||
New Conservatives | [19] | |||
newpoliticstoday[.]com | newpoliticstoday[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [23] [11] [47] | |
newpoliticstomorrow[.]com | newpoliticstomorrow[.]com | [23] | ||
News Breaks Here | newsbreakshere[.]com | Falsely claimed that Hillary Clinton lost the popular vote in the 2016 US Presidential Election. Copied story from The Last Line of Defense. | [48] [49] [24] | |
News Feed Hunter | NewsFeedHunter[.]com | Per FactCheck.org and PolitiFact. | [18] [11] [24] | |
newspatriot[.]net | newspatriot[.]net | [23] | ||
The New York Evening | TheNewYorkEvening[.]com | This fake news website has spread numerous false claims, including a fake story claiming that Malia Obama had been expelled from Harvard. | [50] | |
NewYorkTimesPolitics[.]com | NewYorkTimesPolitics[.]com | [46] | ||
Open Magazines | OpenMagazines[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [42] [24] | |
opremedia[.]com | opremedia[.]com | [51] | ||
opreminfo[.]com | opreminfo[.]com | [23] | ||
opremmagazine[.]com | opremmagazine[.]com | [23] | ||
opremmedia[.]com | opremmedia[.]com | [23] | ||
patriotnetwork[.]one | patriotnetwork[.]one | [23] | ||
thepetitioner[.]org | thepetitioner[.]org | [35] [36] | ||
phoenixusnews[.]site | phoenixusnews[.]site | [52] | ||
planetbros[.]com | planetbros[.]com | [23] | ||
politicodailynews | politicodailynews[.]com | Published false quote from Sheryl Crow. Impostor site of Politico. | [53] | |
politicreal[.]com | politicreal[.]com | Published by a Macedonian officer at the Ministry of Defense. | [25] | |
PoliticsHall[.]com | PoliticsHall[.]com | [46] | ||
prcmediainfo[.]com | prcmediainfo[.]com | [23] | ||
proudpatriot[.]us | proudpatriot[.]us | [21] | ||
ReadConservatives[.]news | ReadConservatives[.]news | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [19] | |
redbox[.]news | redbox[.]news | [21] | ||
RedCountry[.]us | RedCountry[.]us | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [54] [38] | |
RedInfo[.]us | RedInfo[.]us | Per PolitiFact. Shares the same website metadata as redcountry[.]us. | [11] [38] | |
redpeople[.]us | redpeople[.]us | Shares the same website metadata as redcountry[.]us. | [38] | |
RedPolitics[.]us | RedPolitics[.]us | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
Resist the Mainstream | resistthemainstream[.]org | [35] [36] | ||
sacramentopress91[.]site | sacramentopress91[.]site | [52] | ||
scandallinfo[.]com | scandallinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
smithssite[.]com | smithssite[.]com | [23] | ||
streetnews[.]one | streetnews[.]one | [23] | ||
Success-Street[.]com | Success-Street[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
svijmedia[.]com | svijmedia[.]com | [23] | ||
tamche1966[.]com | tamche1966[.]com | [23] | ||
tapainfo[.]com | tapainfo[.]com | [23] | ||
Team Candace Owens | teamcandanceowens[.]com | [35] [36] | ||
Team Candace Owens | teamcandanceowens[.]org | [35] [36] | ||
teamdancrenshaw[.]com | teamdancrenshaw[.]com | [35] [36] | ||
teoinfo[.]com | teoinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
thisboss[.]net | thisboss[.]net | [23] | ||
todayliberty[.]com | todayliberty[.]com | [23] | ||
Top Alert News | Topalertnews[.]com | Likely part of the same network as Donald Trump News. | [32] | |
True Trumpers | truetrumpers[.]com | [24] | ||
The Trumpers | trumpers[.]live | [21] | ||
Trump Vision 365 | TrumpVision365[.]com | [31] | ||
tvrtinfo[.]com | tvrtinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
universale24[.]com | universale24[.]com | [23] | ||
Universale Info | universaleinfo[.]com | [23] [32] | ||
universalemedia[.]net | universalemedia[.]net | [23] | ||
UniversePolitics[.]com | UniversePolitics[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
USA Daily Info | usadailyinfo[.]com | [55] [56] [42] | ||
USA Daily Politics | USADailyPolitics[.]com | [31] | ||
USA Daily Post | Usadailypost[.]us | Per FactCheck.org and PolitiFact. | [18] [11] | |
USADoseNews[.]com | USADoseNews[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [57] | |
USANews4U[.]us | USANews4U[.]us | Per PolitiFact. Copied April Fool's Day joke from Firstpost[.]com. | [11] [58] | |
USA Newsflash | usanewsflash[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Falsely claimed that Donald Trump made an announcement as president on or around November 14, 2016, two months prior to inauguration. | [11] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] | |
usapatriotsvoice[.]com | usapatriotsvoice[.]com | [23] | ||
USAPolitics[.]co | USAPolitics[.]co | [46] | ||
USA Politics Now | USAPoliticsNow[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [64] | |
USA Politics Today | usapoliticstoday[.]com | Per FactCheck.org and PolitiFact. Copied story from The Last Line of Defense. | [18] [11] [65] [19] | |
USAPoliticsZone[.]com | USAPoliticsZone[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
US Conservative Today | USConservativeToday[.]com | [31] | ||
USInfoNews[.]com | USInfoNews[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
USPoliticsLeader[.]com | USPoliticsLeader[.]com | [42] | ||
US Postman | USPostman[.]com | [11] [66] [67] | ||
vtamedia[.]com | vtamedia[.]com | [23] | ||
WashingtonEvening[.]com | WashingtonEvening[.]com | Impostor site, per PolitiFact | [11] | |
weagreeinfo[.]com | weagreeinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
WeConservative[.]com | WeConservative[.]com | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
weirdworldinfo[.]com | weirdworldinfo[.]com | [23] | ||
worldnewsfrompolitics[.]com | worldnewsfrompolitics[.]com | [31] | ||
World Politicus | WorldPoliticus[.]com | [31] | ||
yougoinfo[.]com | yougoinfo[.]com | [23] |
The following websites are part of a network of fake news sites registered in the Republic of Georgia for profit motives during the 2016 US Presidential Election campaign. Some of these sites have attempted to spread malware or obtain personal information.
Name | Domain | Status | Notes | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
AllCrashNews[.]com | AllCrashNews[.]com | [68] | ||
AmericanPresident[.]co | AmericanPresident[.]co | Per PolitiFact. Same owner as TrueTrumpers[.]com. | [11] [69] | |
American President Donald J. Trump | americanpresidentdonaldj-trump[.]com | Per Associated Press and Lead Stories. Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [70] [71] [72] | |
AmericansMAGA.info | AmericansMAGA[.]info | Part of a network of sites based in the Republic of Georgia. Plagiarized a story from The Last Line of Defense. Reportedly attempts to install malware. | [73] | |
BBC-Breaking-News[.]gq | BBC-Breaking-News[.]gq | [68] | ||
BBC-Last-News[.]cf | BBC-Last-News[.]cf | [68] | ||
BrutalEng[.]com | BrutalEng[.]com | [68] | ||
CBCNews[.]gq | CBCNews[.]gq | [68] | ||
CNNInternationalNews[.]com | CNNInternationalNews[.]com | Published a hoax article about a terrorist attack in New Zealand. Reportedly contains a pop-up that asks for personal information. | [68] | |
CNNInternational[.]tk | CNNInternational[.]tk | [68] | ||
county911[.]info | county911[.]info | Same owner as CountyNewsroom[.]info. Possibly spreads malware. | [74] | |
CountyNewsroom.info | CountyNewsroom[.]info | The fake news website, registered to Tbilisi, Georgia, makes "a minimal attempt to look official" and is used to spread malware on readers' computers. | [75] [74] | |
DailyMirror[.]cf | DailyMirror[.]cf | [68] | ||
DailyNewsPosts[.]info | DailyNewsPosts[.]info | Per PolitiFact. Same owner as TrueTrumpers[.]com. | [11] [69] | |
dailynewspostss[.]com | dailynewspostss[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
DC Posts | dcposts[.]info | Same owner as TrueTrumpers[.]com. | [69] | |
departed[.]co | departed[.]co | Part of network of fake news sites registered in Georgia for profit motives during the 2016 US Presidential Elections. | [48] | |
DepartedMe[.]com | DepartedMe[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [11] [72] | |
FacebookNeww[.]info | FacebookNeww[.]info | [68] | ||
FoxNewsSports[.]info | FoxNewsSports[.]info | Same owner as TrueTrumpers[.]com. | [69] | |
freedomwriters[.]pro | freedomwriters[.]pro | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
HeraldNews[.]tk | HeraldNews[.]tk | [68] | ||
TheLocal[.]ga | TheLocal[.]ga | Published a hoax article about a terrorist attack in Ottawa, Canada in 2016. Reportedly contains a pop-up that attempts to spread malware. | [68] | |
maganews[.]co | maganews[.]co | Same owner as TrueTrumpers[.]com. | [69] | |
NewsLeak[.]co | NewsLeak[.]co | Per PolitiFact. | [11] [76] | |
newsrooms[.]info | newsrooms[.]info | Same owner as CountyNewsroom[.]info. Possibly spreads malware. | [77] | |
NewTabi[.]com | NewTabi[.]com | [68] | ||
ReportForLife[.]com | ReportForLife[.]com | [68] | ||
statewatcher[.]com | statewatcher[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
TrueTrumpers[.]com | TrueTrumpers[.]com | This fake news website makes "claims about President Donald Trump, former President Barack Obama and Muslims, in particular, as well as click-baiting claims about porn stars and secret tricks for weight loss and whiter teeth." Same owner as departed[.]co. | [78] [69] | |
trumpence2024[.]com | trumpence2024[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
UnblockedGames[.]eu | UnblockedGames[.]eu | [68] | ||
US4Trump | unitedstatesforpresidentrump[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
usadailynewsposts[.]com | usadailynewsposts[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
usatodaycom[.]com | usatodaycom[.]com | Part of network of fake news sites registered in Georgia for profit motives during the 2016 US Presidential Elections. | [48] | |
usdailynewss[.]com | usdailynewss[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
usdeplorablesfortrump[.]com | usdeplorablesfortrump[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
usdeplorableslovestrump[.]com | usdeplorableslovestrump[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
usdeplorablesnews[.]com | usdeplorablesnews[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
usfoxnews[.]com | usfoxnews[.]com | Spoof of Fox News. Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
usofficialnews[.]com | usofficialnews[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
us-presidenttrump[.]com | us-presidenttrump[.]com | Shares the same IP address or ad network ID as departed[.]co. | [72] | |
walkwithher[.]com | walkwithher[.]com | Part of network of fake news sites registered in Georgia for profit motives during the 2016 US Presidential Elections. | [48] | |
World-BBC-News[.]com | World-BBC-News[.]com | [68] | ||
xcounty[.]info | xcounty[.]info | Same owner as CountyNewsroom[.]info. Possibly spreads malware. | [79] |
Name | Domain | Status | Notes | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
ILoveNativeAmericans[.]us | ILoveNativeAmericans[.]us | Per PolitiFact. Copied story from The Postillon, a parody/satire site. | [11] [80] | |
NativeAmericans[.]news | NativeAmericans[.]news | Copied story from The Postillon, a parody/satire site. | [80] | |
NativeStuff[.]us | NativeStuff[.]us | Per PolitiFact. | [11] | |
Patriotswalk | Patriotswalk[.]us | Per FactCheck.org. | [32] | |
Police Task | Policetask[.]com | Per FactCheck.org. | [32] | |
US Political News (USPOLN) | uspoln[.]com | Per FactCheck.org and PolitiFact. Copied article from satire/parody site Politicops[.]com and fabricated quotes. | [18] [11] [81] [82] [83] | |
Virality Things | Viralitythings[.]us | Per FactCheck.org. | [32] | |
WebViners[.]com | Webviners[.]com | Per FactCheck.org. | [32] | |
WeLoveNative[.]com | WeLoveNative[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Copied story from The Postillon, a parody/satire site. | [11] [80] |
Name | Domain | Status | Notes | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ending the Fed | endingthefed[.]com | Published many false claims, including that Donald Trump was endorsed by Pope Francis in 2016. Accused by the Foreign Policy Research Institute of being part of a propaganda campaign by Russia. | [84] [85] [86] | |
Expunere | expunere[.]com | Same owner as Ending the Fed, targeting Romanian audiences. Accused by the Foreign Policy Research Institute of being part of a propaganda campaign by Russia. | [85] [86] |
Name | Domain | Status | Notes | Sources |
---|---|---|---|---|
BlackMatters[.]com | BlackMatters[.]com | Impostor site affiliated with the Internet Research Agency. Promoted a protest at Stone Mountain, Georgia in 2016 that was attended by white nationalists and anti-racist activists. | [87] | |
OnePoliticalPlaza[.]com | OnePoliticalPlaza[.]com | Per PolitiFact. Promoted by the Internet Research Agency via Google AdWords. Claimed in a letter to the FEC to be run by a for-profit company registered in Florida. In 2020, the purported owner of the site, IDF International Technologies, Inc., was advised by the FEC that their "activities are not expenditures, contributions, or electioneering communications under the [Federal Election Campaign Act, 52 U.S.C. §§ 30101-45] and [Federal Election Commission] regulations." | [11] [88] [89] [90] [91] [92] [93] |
Fact-checking is the process of verifying the factual accuracy of questioned reporting and statements. Fact-checking can be conducted before or after the text or content is published or otherwise disseminated. Internal fact-checking is such checking done in-house by the publisher to prevent inaccurate content from being published; when the text is analyzed by a third party, the process is called external fact-checking.
The Center for Immigration Studies (CIS) is an American anti-immigration think tank. It favors far lower immigration numbers and produces analyses to further those views. The CIS was founded by historian Otis L. Graham and eugenicist and white nationalist John Tanton in 1985 as a spin-off of the Federation for American Immigration Reform. It is one of a number of anti-immigration organizations founded by Tanton, along with FAIR and NumbersUSA.
PJ Media, originally known as Pajamas Media, is an American right-wing subscription-based commentary website. It was founded in 2004, with its majority owner being software entrepreneur, billionaire and angel investor Aubrey Chernick, founder of Candle Corporation. Salem Media Group acquired the company in March 2019. PJ Media also operated the online television and video network PJTV, which ceased operations on May 11, 2016.
The Clinton body count is a conspiracy theory centered around the belief that former U.S. President Bill Clinton and his wife, former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, have secretly had their political opponents murdered, often made to look like suicides, totaling as many as 50 or more listed victims. The Congressional Record (1994) stated that the compiler of the original list, Linda Thompson, admitted she had "'no direct evidence' of Clinton killing anyone. Indeed, she says the deaths were probably caused by 'people trying to control the president' but refuses to say who they were."
A death hoax is a deliberate report of someone's death that is later proven to be untrue. In some cases it might be because the person has intentionally faked death.
PolitiFact.com is an American nonprofit project operated by the Poynter Institute in St. Petersburg, Florida, with offices there and in Washington, D.C. It began in 2007 as a project of the Tampa Bay Times, with reporters and editors from the newspaper and its affiliated news media partners reporting on the accuracy of statements made by elected officials, candidates, their staffs, lobbyists, interest groups and others involved in U.S. politics. Its journalists select original statements to evaluate and then publish their findings on the PolitiFact.com website, where each statement receives a "Truth-O-Meter" rating. The ratings range from "True" for statements the journalists deem as accurate to "Pants on Fire" for claims the journalists deem as "not accurate and makes a ridiculous claim".
NowThis Media is an American progressive social media-focused news organization founded in 2012. The company is specialized in creating short-form videos. Their target audience is Millennials and Generation Z.
Paul Horner was an American writer, comedian and contributor to fake news websites. Horner has been described as a "hoax artist" by outlets such as The Associated Press, The Chicago Tribune, PolitiFact and The Washington Post.
Fake news websites are websites on the Internet that deliberately publish fake news—hoaxes, propaganda, and disinformation purporting to be real news—often using social media to drive web traffic and amplify their effect. Unlike news satire, fake news websites deliberately seek to be perceived as legitimate and taken at face value, often for financial or political gain. Such sites have promoted political falsehoods in India, Germany, Indonesia and the Philippines, Sweden, Mexico, Myanmar, and the United States. Many sites originate in, or are promoted by, Russia, North Macedonia, and Romania, among others. Some media analysts have seen them as a threat to democracy. In 2016, the European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs passed a resolution warning that the Russian government was using "pseudo-news agencies" and Internet trolls as disinformation propaganda to weaken confidence in democratic values.
"Pizzagate" is a conspiracy theory that went viral during the 2016 United States presidential election cycle, falsely claiming that the New York City Police Department (NYPD) had discovered a pedophilia ring linked to members of the Democratic Party while searching through Anthony Weiner's emails. It has been extensively discredited by a wide range of organizations, including the Washington, D.C. police.
A troll farm or troll factory is an institutionalised group of internet trolls that seeks to interfere in political opinions and decision-making.
Fake news websites target United States audiences by using disinformation to create or inflame controversial topics such as the 2016 election. Most fake news websites target readers by impersonating or pretending to be real news organizations, which can lead to legitimate news organizations further spreading their message. Most notable in the media are the many websites that made completely false claims about political candidates such as Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, as part of a larger campaign to gain viewers and ad revenue or spread disinformation. Additionally, satire websites have received criticism for not properly notifying readers that they are publishing false or satirical content, since many readers have been duped by seemingly legitimate articles.
World News Daily Report (WNDR) was a satirical fake news website purporting to be an American Jewish Zionist newspaper based in Tel Aviv and dedicated to covering biblical archeology news and other mysteries around the globe.
The Palmer Report is an American liberal fake news website, founded in 2016 by Bill Palmer. It is known for making unsubstantiated or false claims, producing hyperpartisan content, and publishing conspiracy theories, especially on matters relating to Donald Trump and Russia. Fact-checkers have debunked numerous Palmer Report stories, and organizations including the Columbia Journalism Review and the German Marshall Fund have listed the site among false content producers or biased websites.
Occupy Democrats is an American left-wing media outlet built around a Facebook page and corresponding website. Established in 2012, it publishes false information, hyperpartisan content, and clickbait. Posts originating from the Occupy Democrats Facebook page are among the most widely shared political content on Facebook.
The People's Voice is an American fake news website based in Los Angeles. The site was founded as Your News Wire in 2014 by Sean Adl-Tabatabai and his husband, Sinclair Treadway. In November 2018, it rebranded itself as NewsPunch. Your News Wire was revived as a separate website in November 2020, and has continued publishing hoaxes similar to those in NewsPunch. In 2023, NewsPunch adopted its current name, The People's Voice.
True Pundit is a far-right fake news website known for publishing conspiracy theories. According to The Atlantic, True Pundit had "a well-known modus operandi, perfected during the 2016 U.S. election: running baseless stories and then asking leading questions". In 2021 True Pundit stopped publishing new content.