This is a list of sovereign states in the 1890s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1890 and 31 December 1899. It contains entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. It includes widely recognized sovereign states, and entities which were de facto sovereign but which were not widely recognized by other states.
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Name and capital city | Information on status and recognition of sovereignty | ||
---|---|---|---|
A | |||
Abuja – Abuja Emirate Capital: Abuja | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Cidade do Acre | De facto independent state from July 14, 1899. | ||
Agadez – Tenere Sultanate of Aïr [2] Capital: Agadez | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Andorra la Vella | Widely recognized independent state. The President of France and Bishop of Urgell were ex officio Co-Princes of Andorra. The defense of Andorra was the responsibility of France and Spain. | ||
Angoche – Angoche Sultanate [4] Capital: Angoche | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Mbarara | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Buenos Aires | |||
![]() Capital: Arochukwu | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Kumasi | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Aussa | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Vienna (Cisleithania), Budapest (Transleithania) | Widely recognized state. | ||
B | |||
Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi [9] (to September 20, 1897) Capital: Massenya (to 1893), Chekna (from 1893 to 1897) | Tributary state of the Bornu Empire. Annexed by France on September 20, 1897. | ||
![]() Capital: Klungkung | Widely recognized state. Bali was a series of kingdoms that ruled the island of Bali. | ||
Baol – Kingdom of Baol [11] (to 1895) Capital: Diourbel | Widely recognized state. Annexed by France in 1895. | ||
![]() Capital: Mongu | Widely recognized state. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1899. | ||
![]() Capital: Brussels | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Edo | Widely recognized state. Annexed by the United Kingdom on February 18, 1897. | ||
Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan Capital: Punakha | Widely recognized state. | ||
Biu – Biu Kingdom Capital: Biu | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative)
| Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Nunue, Vaitape | Widely recognized state to September 21, 1895. Annexed by France on September 21, 1895. | ||
![]() Capital: Ngazargamu | Widely recognized state to 1893. Annexed by France in 1893. | ||
Brakna – Brakna Emirate Capital: Aleg | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Rio de Janeiro | Brazil was a federation of 20 states, one territory, and one federal district. [lower-alpha 1] | ||
![]() Capital: Mengo, Uganda | Widely recognized state to 1894. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1894. | ||
![]() Capital: Sofia | De facto independent, and de jure vassal state under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire. | ||
![]() Capital: Hoima | Widely recognized state to 1899. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1899. | ||
Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi [19] (to July 1, 1890) Capital: Gitega , Bujumbura | Widely recognized state to July 1, 1890. Annexed by Germany on July 1, 1890. | ||
![]() Capital: Bugembe | Widely recognized state. | ||
C | |||
![]() Capital: Ottawa | Widely recognized state. Commonwealth realm. | ||
![]() ![]() Capital: Amapala
| A Political union between El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua until November 21, 1898. [20] | ||
![]() Capital: Champasak | Widely recognized state. Vassal state of Siam. | ||
![]() Capital: Santiago
| Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Beijing | Widely recognized state. | ||
Chokwe – Chokwe Kingdom Capital: Not specified | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Bogota | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Boma | Widely recognized state. State in personal union with the Kingdom of Belgium. | ||
![]() Capital: San Jose | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Chania | Widely recognized state. Autonomous state of the Ottoman Empire. | ||
D | |||
![]() Capital: Abomey | Widely recognized state to January 20, 1894. Annexed by France on January 20, 1894. | ||
Dar al Kuti – Sultanate of Dar Al Kuti [23] Capital: N'Délé | Widely recognized state. Vassal state of Dar Runga to 1890. Vassal state of Rabih az-Zubayr from 1890. | ||
![]() Capital: Al Fashir | Widely recognized state from 1898. | ||
Dendi – Dendi Kingdom Capital: Lulami | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Copenhagen | Widely recognized state. Denmark had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| ||
![]() Capital: Dhale | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Santo Domingo | Widely recognized state. | ||
E | |||
![]() Capital: Quito | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: San Salvador | Widely recognized state to September 15, 1896, and from November 21, 1898.Part of the political union of Central America from September 15, 1896 to November 21, 1898. | ||
![]() ![]() Capital: Addis Ababa | Widely recognized state. | ||
F | |||
![]() Capital: Paris | Widely recognized independent state. France had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| ||
![]() ![]() Capital: Timbo | Widely recognized state to November 18, 1896. Annexed by France on November 18, 1896. | ||
G | |||
Gaza – Gaza Empire (to 1895) Capital: Manjacaze | Widely recognized state to 1895. Annexed by Portugal in 1895. | ||
Geledi – Sultanate of the Geledi Capital: Afgooye | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Berlin | Widely recognized independent state. Germany had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| ||
![]() Capital: Athens | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Guatemala City | Widely recognized state. | ||
Gyaaman – State of Gyaaman (to 1895) Capital: Sampa , Drobo | Widely recognized state. | ||
H | |||
![]() Capital: Ha'il | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Port-au-Prince | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Honolulu
| Widely recognized state to August 12, 1898. Annexed by the United States on August 12, 1898. | ||
![]() Capital: Tegucigalpa | Part of the political union of Central America from September 15, 1896 to November 21, 1898. | ||
![]() Capital: Huahine | Annexed by France on September 15, 1895. | ||
![]() Capital: Baltit | Widely recognized state to 1892. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1892. | ||
I | |||
Igala – Igala Kingdom Capital: Idah | Widely recognized state. | ||
Igara – Kingdom of Igara Capital: Not specified | Widely recognized state. | ||
Ilé-Ifẹ̀ – Ilé-Ifẹ̀ Kingdom Capital: Ilé-Ifẹ̀ | |||
![]() Capital: Rome | Widely recognized independent state. Italy had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| ||
J | |||
![]() Capital: Tokyo City | Widely recognized independent state. Japan had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| ||
K | |||
Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa (to September 11, 1897) Capital: Bonga , Anderaccha | |||
Kajara – Kajara Kingdom Capital: Not specified | |||
![]() Capital: Takai | |||
Kasanje – Jaga Kingdom Capital: Not specified | |||
Kebbi – Kebbi Emirate (to 1902) Capital: Argungu | Widely recognized state. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1902. | ||
Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom (to May 1, 1898) Capital: Sikasso | |||
Kong – Kong Empire (to 1895) Capital: Kong | |||
![]() Capital: Mbanza-Kongo | Vassal of the Kingdom of Portugal. | ||
![]() ![]() Capital: Hanseong
| Tributary state of the Qing dynasty to 1894. Widely recognized independent state from October 12, 1897. | ||
Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya (to August 31, 1896) Capital: Grand Cape Mount | |||
L | |||
Lafia Beri-Beri – Lafia Beri-Beri Kingdom Capital: Lafia | |||
![]() Capital: Monrovia | |||
![]() Capital: Vaduz | |||
Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea (to 1891) Capital: Saqqa | |||
![]() Capital: Jaʿār | |||
![]() Capital: Luxembourg City | |||
M | |||
![]() Capital: Kuta Watu | |||
Manipur – Kingdom of Manipur (to 1891) Capital: Imphal | |||
Maravi – Kingdom of Maravi (to 1891) Capital: Manthimba | |||
Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom Capital: Bulawayo | |||
Mbunda – Mbunda Kingdom Capital: Not specified | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Antananarivo | |||
![]() Capital: Mexico City | |||
![]() Capital: Monaco | |||
![]() Capital: Cetinje | |||
![]() ![]() Capital: Fes | |||
Mossi Kingdoms – Mossi Empire (to 1896) Capital: Multiple capitals | Widely recognized independent state. The following are a number of different kingdoms that make up the Mossi Empire: | ||
![]() Capital: Muscat | De jure independent state. De facto a British protectorate. | ||
Mutayr – Emirate of Mutayr Capital: Not specified | Widely recognized state. | ||
N | |||
![]() Capital: Seremban | Federated in to the Federated Malay States from 1895. | ||
![]() Capital: Kathmandu | |||
![]() Capital: Amsterdam | |||
![]() Capital: Managua | Part of the political union of Central America from September 15, 1896 to November 21, 1898. | ||
![]() Capital: Christiania | In personal union between Sweden until December 15, 1899. Union badge removed on December 15, 1899 | ||
O | |||
![]() Capital: Bloemfontein | Independent Boer sovereign republic under the British suzerainty in South Africa. | ||
Orungu – Kingdom of Orungu Capital: Not specified | Widely recognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Constantinople | |||
P | |||
![]() Capital: Asunción | |||
![]() ![]() Capital: Tehran | |||
![]() Capital: Lima | |||
![]() Capital: Several temporary capitals | De facto independent state. | ||
![]() Capital: Lisbon | |||
R | |||
![]() Capital: Bucharest | |||
![]() Capital: Saint Petersburg | |||
S | |||
![]() Capital: Apia | |||
![]() Capital: San Marino | |||
![]() Capital: Belgrade | |||
![]() Capital: Kota Mambang Segara | |||
![]() Capital: Bangkok | Widely recognized independent state. The following are vassal states of Siam:
| ||
![]() Capital: Sokoto | |||
![]() Capital: Madrid | |||
![]() Capital: Maimbung | |||
![]() Capital: Stockholm | In personal union between Norway until December 15, 1899. | ||
![]() Capital: Bern | |||
T | |||
Tagant – Emirate of Tagant Capital: Tidjikja | |||
![]() Capital: Nuku'alofa | |||
Toro – Toro Kingdom (from August 14, 1891) Capital: Kabarole | |||
Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire (to 1890) Capital: Segou | |||
![]() Capital: Pretoria | |||
Trarza – Emirate of Trarza Capital: Mederdra | |||
Tui Manuʻa – Tui Manuʻa Confederacy Capital: Fitiuta | |||
U | |||
![]() Capital: London | Widely recognized independent state. The following are colonies, territories, dependencies and protectorates of the United Kingdom:
| ||
![]() ![]() ![]() Capital: Washington D.C. | Widely recognized independent state. The following are territories of the United States of America:
| ||
Upper Aulaqi Sultanate Capital: Nişāb | |||
Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom Capital: Sa'id | |||
![]() Capital: Mahjaba | |||
![]() Capital: Montevideo | |||
V | |||
![]() Capital: Caracas | |||
W | |||
Wadai – Wadai Empire Capital: Abéché | |||
![]() Capital: Habban | |||
Wajoq – Kingdom of Wajoq Capital: Tosora | |||
![]() Capital: Bissandugu | Annexed by France on September 29, 1898 | ||
Wolaita – Kingdom of Wolaita (to November 1894) Capital: Lasho, Dalbo, Sodo | Annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1894 | ||
Wukari – Wukari Federation Capital: Wukari | |||
Y | |||
Yamma – Kingdom of Yamma (to 1894) Capital: Fofa | |||
Yeke – Yeke Kingdom (to 1891) Capital: Bunkeya | |||
Z | |||
Zabarma – Zabarma Emirate (to 1897) Capital: Not specified | |||
States claiming sovereignty | |||
![]() Capital: Kutaraja | Protectorate of the Ottoman Empire. | ||
![]() Capital: San Miguel | Unrecognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Counani | Unrecognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Taipei | Unrecognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: None | Unrecognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Lado | Unrecognized state. | ||
Loreto – Federal State of Loreto (from 2 May to 10 July 1896) Capital: Iquitos | Unrecognised self-proclaimed federated state within Peru | ||
![]() Capital: Omdurman | Unrecognized state. Annexed by Sudan on September 2, 1898 | ||
![]() Capital: Corumba | Unrecognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Bacólod | Unrecognized state. Constituent of the Federal State of the Visayas from 1898 to 1899. | ||
![]() Capital: Mbabane | Unrecognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: Morong | Unrecognized state. | ||
![]() Capital: None | Unrecognized state. | ||
Zamboanga – Republic of Zamboanga (from May 18 to November 16, 1898) Capital: Zamboanga City | Unrecognized state. | ||
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