Clinical data | |
---|---|
Trade names | Lamzede |
Other names | Velmanase alfa-tycv |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
License data |
|
Routes of administration | Intravenous |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number | |
DrugBank | |
UNII | |
KEGG |
Velmanase alfa, sold under the brand name Lamzede, is a medication used for the treatment of alpha-mannosidosis. [2] [3] [4] Velmanase alfa is a recombinant human lysosomal alpha-mannosidase. [2] [5]
The most common adverse reactions include hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis, a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. [2]
Velmanase alfa was approved for medical use in the European Union in March 2018, [3] [5] and in the United States in February 2023. [2] [6] Velmanase alfa is the first enzyme replacement therapy approved in the US for the treatment of the non-central nervous system manifestations of alpha-mannosidosis. [2]
Velmanase alfa is indicated for the treatment of the non-central nervous system manifestations of alpha-mannosidosis. [2]
Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare genetic lysosomal storage disorder. [2] The symptoms of the disorder vary, but often include mild to moderate intellectual disability, hearing loss, weakened immune system, distinctive facial features (e.g., a large head, prominent forehead, and protruding jaw), skeletal abnormalities, and muscle weakness. [2] Alpha-mannosidosis is caused by genetic changes in the MAN2B1 gene, which codes for the lysosomal alpha-mannosidase enzyme. [2] Mutations of the MAN2B1 gene result in the lack of production of the alpha-D-mannosidase enzyme or the production of a defective, inactive form of the enzyme. [2] Alpha-mannosidosis affects about 1 in every 500,000 people worldwide. [2]
The effectiveness of velmanase alfa was evaluated in participants with alpha-mannosidosis in a phase III multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study. [2] The trial evaluated the efficacy of velmanase alfa over 52 weeks at a dose of 1 mg/kg given weekly as an intravenous infusion. [2] A total of 25 participants were enrolled (14 males, 11 females), including 13 adult participants (age range: ≥18 to 35 years; mean: 25 years) and 12 pediatric participants (age range: ≥6 to <18 years; mean: 11 years); all participants were White. [2] Fifteen participants (8 adult and 7 pediatric) received velmanase alfa and 10 participants (5 adult and 5 pediatric) received placebo. [2]
Velmanase alfa is the international nonproprietary name. [7]
Fabry disease, also known as Anderson–Fabry disease, is a rare genetic disease that can affect many parts of the body, including the kidneys, heart, and skin. Fabry disease is one of a group of conditions known as lysosomal storage diseases. The genetic mutation that causes Fabry disease interferes with the function of an enzyme that processes biomolecules known as sphingolipids, leading to these substances building up in the walls of blood vessels and other organs. It is inherited in an X-linked manner.
Alpha-mannosidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder, first described by Swedish physician Okerman in 1967. In humans it is known to be caused by an autosomal recessive genetic mutation in the gene MAN2B1, located on chromosome 19, affecting the production of the enzyme alpha-D-mannosidase, resulting in its deficiency. Consequently, if both parents are carriers, there will be a 25% chance with each pregnancy that the defective gene from both parents will be inherited, and the child will develop the disease. There is a two in three chance that unaffected siblings will be carriers. In livestock alpha-mannosidosis is caused by chronic poisoning with swainsonine from locoweed.
Iduronidase, sold as Aldurazyme, is an enzyme with the systematic name glycosaminoglycan α-L-iduronohydrolase. It catalyses the hydrolysis of unsulfated α-L-iduronosidic linkages in dermatan sulfate.
Alglucosidase alfa, sold under the brand name Myozyme among others, is an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) orphan drug for treatment of Pompe disease, a rare lysosomal storage disorder (LSD). Chemically, the drug is an analog of the enzyme that is deficient in patients affected by Pompe disease, alpha-glucosidase. It is the first drug available to treat this disease.
Beta-mannosidosis, also called lysosomal beta-mannosidase deficiency, is a disorder of oligosaccharide metabolism caused by decreased activity of the enzyme beta-mannosidase. This enzyme is coded for by the gene MANBA, located at 4q22-25. Beta-mannosidosis is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Affected individuals appear normal at birth, and can have a variable clinical presentation. Infantile onset forms show severe neurodegeneration, while some children have intellectual disability. Hearing loss and angiokeratomas are common features of the disease.
Dupilumab, sold under the brand name Dupixent, is a monoclonal antibody blocking interleukin 4 and interleukin 13, used for allergic diseases such as eczema, asthma and nasal polyps which result in chronic sinusitis. It is also used for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis and prurigo nodularis.
Eptinezumab, sold under the brand name Vyepti, is a medication used for the preventive treatment of migraine in adults. It is a monoclonal antibody that targets calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP) alpha and beta. It is administered by intravenous infusion.
Lanadelumab, sold under the brand name Takhzyro, is a human monoclonal antibody that targets plasma kallikrein (pKal) in order to promote prevention of angioedema in people with hereditary angioedema. Lanadelumab, was approved in the United States as the first monoclonal antibody indicated for prophylactic treatment to prevent hereditary angioedema attacks. Lanadelumab is the first treatment for hereditary angioedema prevention made by using cells within a lab, not human plasma.
Vestronidase alfa, sold under brand name Mepsevii, is a drug for the treatment of Sly syndrome. It is a recombinant form of the human enzyme beta-glucuronidase. It was approved in the United States in November 2017, to treat children and adults with an inherited metabolic condition called mucopolysaccharidosis type VII, also known as Sly syndrome. MPS VII is an extremely rare, progressive condition that affects most tissues and organs.
Zuranolone, sold under the brand name Zurzuvae, is a medication used for the treatment of postpartum depression. It is taken by mouth.
Lecanemab, sold under the brand name Leqembi, is a monoclonal antibody medication used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Lecanemab is an amyloid beta-directed antibody. It is given via intravenous infusion. The most common side effects of lecanemab include headache, infusion-related reactions and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities, a side effect known to occur with the class of antibodies targeting amyloid.
Satralizumab, sold under the brand name Enspryng, is a humanized monoclonal antibody medication that is used for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a rare autoimmune disease. The drug is being developed by Chugai Pharmaceutical, a subsidiary of Roche.
Sutimlimab, sold under the brand name Enjaymo, is a monoclonal antibody that is used to treat adults with cold agglutinin disease (CAD). It is given by intravenous infusion. Sutimlimab prevents complement-enhanced activation of autoimmune human B cells in vitro.
Lumasiran, sold under the brand name Oxlumo, is a medication for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1).
Avalglucosidase alfa, sold under the brand name Nexviazyme, is an enzyme replacement therapy medication used for the treatment of glycogen storage disease type II.
Efgartigimod alfa, sold under the brand name Vyvgart, is a medication used to treat myasthenia gravis. Efgartigimod alfa is a neonatal Fc receptor blocker and is a new class of medication. It is an antibody fragment that binds to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), preventing FcRn from recycling immunoglobulin G (IgG) back into the blood. The medication causes a reduction in overall levels of IgG, including the abnormal acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies that are present in myasthenia gravis. It is also available coformulated with hyaluronidase.
Olipudase alfa, sold under the brand name Xenpozyme, is a medication used for the treatment of non-central nervous system (CNS) manifestations of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) type A/B or type B.
Pegunigalsidase alfa, sold under the brand name Elfabrio, is an enzyme replacement therapy for the treatment of Fabry disease. It is a recombinant human α-galactosidase-A. It is a hydrolytic lysosomal neutral glycosphingolipid-specific enzyme.
Leniolisib (INN), sold under the brand name Joenja, is a medication used for the treatment of activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS). Leniolisib is a kinase inhibitor.
Pozelimab, sold under the brand name Veopoz, is a recombinant monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of CD55-deficient protein-losing enteropathy, also known as CHAPLE disease. Pozelimab is a complement inhibitor. It is produced using recombinant DNA technology in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)