The 1494 Yellow River flood was a natural disaster in China during the Ming dynasty.
Flood relief was directed by the grand eunuch Li Xing, who founded the city of Anping and established temples to the river god there and at Huanglinggan. He shifted the channel of the Yellow River past Xuzhou and Huaian, limiting the severity of the river's floods over the next few decades and establishing the general course of the river until the floods of the 1850s. [1]
The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of China ruled by the Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng, numerous rump regimes ruled by remnants of the Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662.
The 1642 Yellow River flood or Kaifeng flood was a man-made disaster in October, 1642, that principally affected Kaifeng and Xuzhou.
Wang Zhen was the first Ming dynasty eunuch with power in the court. He served Zhu Qizhen who promoted him to become 'one of the most powerful eunuch "dictators" in Ming history'.
Yishiha was a Jurchen eunuch of the Ming dynasty of China. He served the Ming emperors who commissioned several expeditions down the Songhua and Amur Rivers during the period of Ming rule of Manchuria, and is credited with the construction of the only two Ming dynasty Buddhist temples ever built on the territory of present-day Russia.
Nguyễn An, known in Chinese as Ruan An (pinyin) or Juan An (Wade-Giles), was a Ming dynasty architect and hydraulics specialist between the first and fifth decades of the 15th century. According to some sources, he was a key architect in designing, planning and constructing of the Forbidden City during the Ming dynasty. Born in Vietnam, he was taken as tribute to China and later became a eunuch and architect in service to the Chinese emperors. He, along with other architects, such as master designers and planners Cai Xin (蔡信), Kuai Xiang (蒯祥), Chen Gui (陳珪), and Wu Zhong (吳中), was a builder of the Forbidden City in Beijing.
The Yongning Temple Stele is a stele erected by the Chinese Ming dynasty in 1413 with a trilingual inscription to commemorate the founding of the Yongning Temple (永寧寺) in the Nurgan outpost, near the mouth of the Amur River, by the eunuch Yishiha. The location of the temple is the village of Tyr near Nikolayevsk-on-Amur in Russia. This stele is renowned both as the latest known example of a monumental inscription in the Jurchen script, and also for the inscription of the Buddhist mantra Om mani padme hum in four different scripts on its sides. A stele with a monolingual Chinese inscription, commemorating the repair of the temple by Yishiha, was erected in 1433. Both monuments are now held at the Arsenyev Museum in Vladivostok.
The Ming Ancestors Mausoleum, Ming Ancestor Tomb, or Zuling Tomb was the first imperial mausoleum complex of the Ming dynasty, constructed at a geomantically advantageous site near the inlet of the Huai River into the west side of Hongze Lake in present-day Xuyi County, Huai'an Prefecture, Jiangsu Province, China. Built between 1386 and 1413 by Zhu Yuanzhang—the Hongwu Emperor who founded the Ming—and his son Zhu Di the Yongle Emperor to display their filial piety, it was located north of the town of Sizhou, where the ancestors of the dynasty had lived. The remains of the Hongwu Emperor's grandfather Zhu Chuyi are known to have been disintered and moved to the site. He, his father Zhu Sijiu, and his grandfather Zhu Bailiu were posthumously revered at the site as honorary emperors, Zhu Chuyi as the Xi Ancestor of the Ming (Xizu), Zhu Sijiu as the Yi Ancestor of the Ming (Yizu), and Zhu Bailiu as the De Ancestor of the Ming (Dezu).
The 1375 Yellow River flood was a natural disaster affecting the area around Kaifeng, China during the early Ming dynasty. Contemporary sources mentioned a death toll of between 15,000 and 25,000 people, most of them farmers. The philosopher Wang Yangming mentioned the 1375 Yellow River flood as an example of how even a virtuous man can be destroyed by the power of nature.
The 1384 Yellow River flood was a natural disaster affecting the area around Kaifeng, China, during the early Ming dynasty.
The 1390 Yellow River flood was a natural disaster affecting the area around Kaifeng, China, during the early Ming dynasty.
The 1410 Yellow River flood was a natural disaster affecting the area around Kaifeng, China, during the early Ming dynasty.
The 1416 Yellow River flood was a natural disaster affecting the area around Kaifeng, China, during the early Ming dynasty. The flood spilled over into fourteen other counties and seriously disturbed the Huai River.
The 1441 Yangtze flood was a natural disaster affecting the area around Nanjing, China, during the Ming dynasty.
The 1344 Yellow River flood was a major natural disaster during the Yuan dynasty of Imperial China. The impact was devastating both for the peasants of the area as well as the leaders of the empire. The Yuan dynasty was waning, and the emperor conscripted enormous teams to build new embankments for the river. The harsh working conditions helped fuel rebellions that led to the founding of the Ming dynasty.
The 1391 Yellow River flood was a major natural disaster during the early Ming dynasty in China.
The 1448 Yellow River flood was a major natural disaster affecting over 2000 li of the Yellow River. The flood threatened to destroy the Grand Canal port of Linqing and led to the Ming dynasty constructing major public works in Shawan to prevent a recurrence. The banks and dikes only lasted four years until the 1452 flood.
The 1452 Yellow River floods were major natural disasters affecting hundreds of thousands of farmers along the Yellow River in Shandong and Henan, as well as the Huai River valley.
The 1453 Yellow River flood was a natural disaster in the area surrounding Shawan in Shandong, China, during the Ming dynasty. The banks – repaired just the year before – burst again in the fourth lunar month and again in the fifth.
Eastern Depot or Eastern Bureau was a Ming dynasty spy and secret police agency run by eunuchs. It was created by the Yongle Emperor.
A eunuch is a man who has been castrated. Throughout history, castration often served a specific social function. In China, castration included removal of the penis as well as the testicles. Both organs were cut off with a knife at the same time.
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