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Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq in 1925, the first under the 1925 constitution. [1] After the elections, Abdul-Muhsin Al-Saadoun became Prime Minister for the second time and founded the Progress Party to support the government and gain a parliamentary majority. [1]
King Faisal I wanted to remove Al-Saadoun from his office after he tried to reduce the king's powers; Faisal succeeded in persuading the majority of the Chamber of Deputies to vote for Rashid Ali al-Gaylani for speaker, rather than the candidate nominated by the Al-Saadoun government, resulting in Al-Saadoun's resignation. Faisal was also concerned that Al-Saadoun had too many allies in the British government and had the trust of the British High Commissioner, [2] so he made his two loyal men, Nuri al-Said and Jafar al-Askari, join the Progress Party and sabotage it. [3]
Faisal I bin Al-Hussein bin Ali Al-Hashemi was King of the Arab Kingdom of Syria or Greater Syria in 1920, and was King of Iraq from 23 August 1921 until his death. He was the third son of Hussein bin Ali, the Grand Emir and Sharif of Mecca, who was proclaimed as King of the Arabs in June 1916.
Ghazi ibn Faisal was the King of Iraq from 1933 to 1939 having been briefly Crown Prince of the Kingdom of Syria in 1920. He was born in Mecca, the only son of Faisal I. He died in a car crash in 1939.
Yasin al-Hashimi, born Yasin Hilmi Salman, was an Iraqi politician who twice served as the prime minister. Like many of Iraq's early leaders, al-Hashimi served as a military officer during Ottoman control of the country. He made his political debut under the government of his predecessor, Jafar al-Askari, and replaced him as prime minister shortly after, in August 1924. Al-Hashimi served for ten months before he was replaced, in turn by Abd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun. Over the next ten years he filled a variety of governmental positions finally returning to the office of prime minister in March 1935. On 30 October 1936, Hashimi became the first Iraqi prime minister to be deposed in a coup, which was led by General Bakr Sidqi and a coalition of ethnic minorities. Unlike al-Askari, who was then his minister of defense, al-Hashimi survived the coup and made his way to Beirut, Lebanon, where he died three months later. His older brother and close ally, Taha al-Hashimi, served as Prime Minister of Iraq in 1941.
Rashid Ali al-Gaylani was an Iraqi politician who served as Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Iraq on three occasions: from March to November 1933, from March 1940 to February 1941 and from April to May 1941. He is chiefly remembered as an ardent Arab nationalist who attempted to remove the British influence from Iraq by starting a coup against the government in 1941. During his brief tenures as Prime Minister in 1940 and 1941, he attempted to negotiate settlements with the Axis powers during World War II in order to counter British influence in Iraq.
Abd al-Ilah of Hejaz, was a cousin and brother-in-law of King Ghazi of the Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq and was regent for his first-cousin once removed, King Faisal II, from 4 April 1939 to 23 May 1953, when Faisal came of age. Abd al-Ilah also held the title of Crown Prince of Iraq from 1943.
The Iraqi Communist Party is a communist party and the oldest active party in Iraq. Since its foundation in 1934, it has dominated the left in Iraqi politics. It played a prominent role in shaping the political history of Iraq between its foundation and the 1970s. The Party was involved in many of the most important national uprisings and demonstrations of the 1940s and 1950s. It suffered heavily under the Ba'ath Party and Saddam Hussein but remained an important element of the Iraqi opposition and was a vocal opponent of the United Nations sanctions imposed on Iraq after the Gulf War of 1991. It opposed the United States invasion of Iraq in 2003 but since then has participated in the new political institutions. It received little support in the Iraqi general elections of 2005. The party reportedly gained some seats in each province in which the 2013 Iraqi governorate elections were held.
The Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq was a state located in the Middle East from 1932 to 1958.
Faisal II was the last King of Iraq. He reigned from 4 April 1939 until July 1958, when he was killed during the 14 July Revolution. This regicide marked the end of the thirty-seven-year-old Hashemite monarchy in Iraq, which then became a republic.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 20 October 1930 to elect the members of the Chamber of Deputies. For every twenty thousand male citizens, one Member of Parliament was elected to the Chamber of Deputies (Majlis an-Nuwwab), the dominant chamber of Parliament over the Senate. It was the third election since the establishment of the parliament.
Elections to a Constituent Assembly were held in Iraq between 24 October 1922 and 25 February 1924, electing the country's first parliament. The Constituent Assembly was elected to draft a constitution, legislate a law for general elections, and ratify the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1922.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq in 1928, with the final day of voting on 9 May, to elect the members of Chamber of Deputies. They were the second elections under the 1925 constitution. There were many complaints about the integrity of the elections and the way the government handled them, with some candidates collating evidence of vote manipulation. The opposition Independence Party and Iraqi National Party wrote a letter to the British Prime Minister complaining about the Iraqi government's violation of electoral law, demanding an investigation, and offering to pay for its cost. Nevertheless, the newly elected council convened on 13 May 1928 and elected Abdul-Aziz Al-Qassab, the interior minister in Al-Saadoun government, as Speaker.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq in 1933 to elect the members of the Chamber of Deputies. Although the Government Bloc led by incumbent Prime Minister Naji Shawkat won the most seats, it quickly disintegrated after the elections, allowing Rashid Ali al-Gaylani to become Prime Minister.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 6 December 1934 to elect the members of the Chamber of Deputies.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 4 August 1935 to elect the members of the Chamber of Deputies.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 29 April 1939 to elect the members of the Chamber of Deputies.
A referendum was held in Mandatory Iraq between 16 July and 11 August 1921 to determine the form of government and head of state.
Yousef Rizq Alah Ghanima was an Iraqi politician, journalist and historian. He represented Christians at the time of Kingdom of Iraq, after which he was appointed to the Ministry of Finance six times, and the Ministry of Supply once. He is known for founding Seda Babel, one of the first newspapers in Iraq in 1908. He wrote many books about the history of Iraq.
The Progress Party, also known as the Al-Takadum Movement or by its Arabic short form Takadum (Progress), is an Iraqi Sunni political party formed to gain political control in the 2021 general election. The party seeks to establish a civil and modern state through a cultural societal change whose components are: a conscious citizen, a modern educational system, an effective society, according to an Iraqi vision framed by the constitution and supported by the youthful that believes in change and renewal.
Thabit Abdulaziz AbdulNour was an Iraqi politician, a government administrator, and a diplomat. He was elected twice to the Council of Representatives of Iraq to represent the Christians of Mosul during the monarchy's rule. He served as the first director of oil in the Iraqi government, and as a diplomat in London, Great Britain, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and Sanaa, Yemen.
Between the parliamentary election in October 2021 and October 2022, there was a political crisis in Iraq, with members of the Council of Representatives of Iraq being unable to form a stable coalition government, or elect a new President. Basic government services such as the civil service and military continued functioning, but the national political system was in deadlock including in respect of almost all major spending and taxation issues. On 27 October 2022, the government of Prime Minister Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani was approved by the Council of Representatives.
