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 Iraqportal |
The Chamber of Deputies of Iraq (Majlis an-Nuwwab) was the elected lower house of the bicameral parliament established by the Mandatory Iraq's 1925 constitution. There were initially 87 deputies, who were elected [1] The Chamber of Deputies remained in existence until the 1958 revolution. The number of deputies was later increased to 141.
| Name | Took office | Left office | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdul-Muhsin Al-Saadoun | March 1924 | 2 August 1924 | [2] |
| Name | Took office | Left office | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rashid Ali al-Gaylani | July 1925 | 8 May 1926 | [3] |
| Hikmat Sulayman | 8 May 1926 | 1 November 1926 | [4] |
| Rashid Ali al-Gaylani | 1 November 1926 | 21 November 1926 | [5] |
| Abdul-Muhsin Al-Saadoun | 27 November 1926 | 19 January 1928 | [6] |
| Abdul Aziz al-Qassab | 19 January 1928 | 30 April 1929 | [7] |
| Abdul-Muhsin Al-Saadoun | 30 April 1929 | 2 November 1929 | [8] |
| Tawfiq al-Suwaidi | 2 November 1929 | 1 November 1930 | [9] |
| Jafar al-Askari | 1 November 1930 | December 1930 | [10] |
| Jamil Al-Madfai | December 1930 | 1 November 1931 | [11] [12] |
| Jafar al-Askari | 1 November 1931 | 30 November 1931 | [13] |
| Jamil Al-Madfai | 30 November 1931 | November 1933 | [14] [15] |
| Rashid Al-Khojah | November 1933 | February 1934 | [15] |
| Salman Al-Barrak | 1934 | 1934 | |
| Rashid Al-Khojah | 29 December 1934 | March 1935 | [15] |
| Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi | March 1935 | August 1935 | [4] [16] |
| Muhammad Zaki Mahmud | 4 August 1935 | October 1936 - ? | [17] |
| Nasrat al-Farisi | ? | ? | [12] |
| Fakhri al-Jamil | 27 February 1937 | ? | [18] |
| Mawlud Mukhlis | December 1937 | November 1941 | [19] |
| Hamdi al-Pachachi | November 1941 | December 1943 | [20] [21] |
| al Fariq Salih Saib | December 1943 | December 1943 | [22] |
| Mohammed Ridha Al-Shabibi | December 1943 | December 1944 | [23] [24] |
| Muhammad Hassan Kubba | December 1944 | December 1944 | [25] |
| Muhammad Amin Zaki | December 1944 | June 1946 | [26] |
| ? | ? | ? | |
| Abdul Aziz al-Qassab | 17 March 1947 | December 1948 | |
| Abdul-Wahab Mirjan (Abdul Wahhab Marjam) | December 1948 | September 1950 | |
| Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali (Fadel Al-Jamali) | October 1950 | 1 December 1951 | [21] |
| Abdul-Wahab Mirjan (Abdul Wahhab Marjam) | 1 December 1951 | 27 October 1952 | [27] |
| Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali (Fadel Al-Jamali) | 24 January 1953 | September 1953 | |
| ? | ? | ? | |
| Abdul-Wahab Mirjan (Abdul Wahhab Marjam) | 1 December 1953 | 29 April 1954 | |
| Abdul-Wahab Mirjan (Abdul Wahhab Marjam) | 26 July 1954 | 3 August 1954 | |
| Abdul-Wahab Mirjan (Abdul Wahhab Marjam) | 16 September 1954 | 20 June 1957 | |
| Izzuddin Mulla | 1957 | 1958 | [28] |
| Khalil Kannah | 14 February 1958 | 10 May 1958 | [29] |
| Abdul-Wahab Mirjan (Abdul Wahhab Marjam) | 10 May 1958 | 14 July 1958 | [30] |
Since its independence in 1961, Kuwait maintained strong international relations with most countries, especially nations within the Arab world. Its vast oil reserves gives it a prominent voice in global economic forums and organizations like the OPEC. Kuwait is also a major ally of ASEAN, a regional ally of China, and a major non-NATO ally.
Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia are the diplomatic and trade relations between Saudi Arabia and other countries around the world. The foreign policy of Saudi Arabia is focused on co-operation with the oil-exporting Gulf States, the unity of the Arab world, Islamic solidarity, and support for the United Nations. In practice, the main concerns in recent years have been relations with the US, the Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen, the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Iraq, the perceived threat from the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the effect of oil pricing. Saudi Arabia contributes large amounts of development aid to Muslim countries. From 1986 to 2006, the country donated £49 billion in aid.
Tawfiq al-Suwaidi was an Iraqi politician who served as the prime minister of Iraq on three occasions stretching from 1929 to 1950.
Jamil Al Midfai was an Iraqi politician. He served as the country's prime minister on five separate occasions.
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf refers to a group of Arab states which border the Persian Gulf. There are seven member states of the Arab League in the region: Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Yemen is bound to the six countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council, based on history and culture.
The Treaty of Seeb was an agreement reached between the sultan of Muscat, Taimur bin Feisal, and the Imamate of Oman on 25 September 1920. The treaty granted autonomy to the imamate in the interior of Oman but recognized the sovereignty of the Sultanate of Muscat. The treaty was named after Seeb (as-Sib), a coastal town in present-day Oman.
Faisal bin Sultan al-Duwaish was Prince of the Mutair tribe and one of Arabia's Ikhwan leaders, who assisted Abdulaziz in the unification of Saudi Arabia. The mother of Faisal bin Sultan was from the Ajman tribe and the sister of Dhaydan bin Hithlain, another Ikhwan leader and sheikh of the Ajman tribe.
Hamdi al-Pachachi, Iraqi politician born to a prominent family in Baghdad. He studied law at the Royal School in Istanbul, graduating in 1909. He taught at the Baghdad Law School from 1913 to 1916. While in Istanbul, he joined the Covenant Society and became active in the Arab nationalist movement. Upon his return to Baghdad, he joined with the nationalists, who were demanding the decentralization of the Ottoman Empire. As a result of his political activities in support of the Iraqi revolt against the British in 1920, al-Pachachi was arrested and exiled to Hanja, an island in the Persian Gulf. After his release, he continued to take part in anti-British activities. Hamdi ala Pachachi had three daughters.
This article deals with territorial disputes between states of in and around the Persian Gulf in Southwestern Asia. These states include Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Oman.
Muhammed Amin Zaki Bey,, was a Kurdish writer, historian and politician. He was born in Sulaimaniya, son of Hagi Abdul Rahman. After studying in Sulaimaniya Military School and Baghdad Military High School, on 10 February 1902, he graduated from the Ottoman Military Academy as the 23rd of the class and joined the Ottoman Army as Infantry Second Lieutenant. He graduated from the Ottoman Military College at Istanbul as distinguished officer on 11 January 1905. And then he served as a staff officer (major) in the Ottoman Army. He left his last duty at the Military history department on 23 July 1923 for Baghdad, and started to give lecture at the Iraqi Military Academy. He also served in the Iraqi administration under the British mandate in the 1920s and was appointed as Defence Minister in 1928. His two-volume book on history of the Kurdish people and states is one of the acclaimed works on this subject and has been translated into several languages including Arabic and English. He was the president of the Chamber of Deputies from December 1944 to June 1946. He died in Sulaimaniyah in July 1948.
Bilateral relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia have been strained over several geopolitical issues, such as aspirations for regional leadership, oil export policy and relations with the United States and other Western countries. Diplomatic relations were suspended from 1987 to 1990, and in 2016 for seven years following certain issues like the intervention in Yemen, Iran embassy bombing in Yemen, incidents in 2015 Hajj, the execution of Nimr al-Nimr, the attack on the Saudi diplomatic missions in Iran. However, in March 2023, after discussions brokered by China, Iran and Saudi Arabia agreed to reestablish relations.
Sayyid Muhammad Hasan al-Sadr was an Iraqi Shi'ite statesman. He served as Prime Minister of Iraq from 29 January 1948 to 26 June 1948.
Fahd bin Saud Al Saud was a Saudi Arabian businessman, government official, and the eldest son of King Saud. He served as the Saudi Arabian minister of defense from 1956 to 1960 during the reign of his father.
Iran and Saudi Arabia are engaged in an ongoing struggle for influence in the Middle East and other regions of the Muslim world. The two countries have provided varying degrees of support to opposing sides in nearby conflicts, including the civil wars in Syria and Yemen; and disputes in Bahrain, Lebanon, Qatar, and Iraq. It also extends to disputes or broader competition in other countries globally including in West, North and East Africa, South, Central, Southeast Asia, the Balkans, and the Caucasus.
The Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict refers to the ongoing struggle for regional influence between Qatar and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), both of which are members of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). It is sometimes called the New Arab Cold War. Bilateral relations are especially strained since the beginning of the Arab Spring, that left a power vacuum both states sought to fill, with Qatar being supportive of the revolutionary wave and Saudi Arabia opposing it. Both states are allies of the United States, and have avoided direct conflict with one another.
The Senate of Iraq was the unelected upper house of the bicameral parliament established by the Mandatory Iraq's 1925 constitution. There were around twenty Senators, appointed for eight years by the King of Iraq. The Senate remained in existence until the 1958 revolution.
Mawlud Mukhlis, born in Mosul in 1886 and died in Beirut, Lebanon in 1951, was an Arab nationalist, soldier and Iraqi politician. He headed the Chamber of Deputies of Iraq from December 1937 to November 1941.
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Abdullah Al Damluji (1890–1970), also known as Abdullah Beg Al Damluji, was an Iraqi physician who served as one of Ibn Saud's advisers. He held several government positions, including the minister of foreign affairs of Najd and Hejaz and of Iraq.
The involvement of Turkey within the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict has been ambiguous, and the country has supported both Iran and Saudi Arabia at times.
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