1936 Bowen state by-election

Last updated December 18, 2023

A by-election was held in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland seat of Bowen on 20 June 1936. The election was called following the death of the incumbent Labor Party member Charlie Collins. Collins had been named as leader of the Labor Party in Queensland just a few hours before his death.^[1]

Candidates

The candidates in the election were Ernest Joseph "Dick" Riordan from the Labor Party, John. P. Smith from the Country Party, Fred Paterson from the Communist Party of Australia, W. B. Morgan from the Douglas Credit Party and H.I. Madden from 'Farmers and Workers'.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Labor Party

The selection of the Labor Party candidate had been hotly contested. A plebiscite was arranged.^[4] Riordan, the candidate winning the nomination with 189 votes, was an Australian Workers' Union leader, Bowen Town Council alderman and the brother of "Derby" Riordan.^[1]^[4] Other candidates in the fray were Wall (97 votes), Nolan (94 votes), Russell (93 votes), Wyper (51 votes), Kennedy (44 votes), Christensen (42 votes), Edwards (37 votes), Tabulo (33 votes), Kiterney (24 votes), Malcolm (23 votes), Walsh (20 votes), Gralton (17 votes), Dixon (16 votes), O'Sullivan (16 votes), Hanley (2 votes) and O'Donoghue (0 votes). Several complaints were lodged regarding the plebiscite.^[4]

In their campaign the Labor Party organised many public meetings with speeches.^[5]

Country Party

This was the first election contested by the Country Party in Queensland. The party announced that five parliamentarians would travel to Bowen to campaign for their candidate, Smith.^[6] The campaign of the party relied heavily on support from liberal newspapers, as well as face-to-face encounters with voters. One issue the party tried to raise in their campaign was the construction of Mackay Harbour. Criticizing the incumbent Labor government, the party asked why an artificial harbour at Mackay had been preferred over the natural harbour of Bowen.^[5]

Result

Bowen state by-election, 1936
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labor	Ernest Riordan	2,623	36.2	-16.4
	Country	John Smith	2,294	31.7	+2.3
	Communist	Fred Paterson	1,755	24.3	+8.7
	Social Credit	Henry Madden	449	6.2	+6.2
	Independent	William Morgan	116	1.6	+1.6
Total formal votes			7,237	99.2	+0.7
Informal votes			62	0.8	-0.7
Turnout			7,299	87.8	-6.1
Two-party-preferred result
	Labor	Ernest Riordan	3,592	59.2
	Country	John Smith	2,472	40.8
	Labor hold		Swing	N/A

Whilst Riordan obtained absolute majority in the final count, the result for the communist candidate was impressive. Paterson managed to obtain 24.3% of the votes. In Collinsville there were just a few dozen votes separating the two candidates. In Proserpine Paterson obtained more votes than Riordan.^[1] On 23 June 1936, with almost all primary votes allotted (120 primary votes remained to be counted at the time), Riordan stood at 2623 votes (36.2%), Smith 2294 votes (31.7%), Paterson 1755 votes (24.2%), Madden 449 votes (6.2%) and Morgan 116 votes (1.6%).^[2] The final result was declared by Under Secretary of Justice G. A. Carter on 6 July 1936. With the three minor candidates eliminated and their preference votes counted Riordan had 3658 votes (58.9%) and Smith had 2553 votes (41.1%).^[2]^[3]

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References

1 2 3 4 Fitzgerald, Ross. The People's Champion: Fred Paterson]. St. Lucia: Univ. of Queensland Press, 1997. p. 100
1 2 3 The Courier-Mail. Issue Beyond Doubt . Tuesday 23 June 1936. p. 14
1 2 The Courier-Mail. Final Figures in Bowen By-Election . Tuesday 7 July 1936. p. 14
1 2 3 Sunday Mail. Riordan Wins . Sunday 31 May 1936. p. 1
1 2 The Courier-Mail. Vital Issue at Bowen . Tuesday 16 June 1936. p. 14
↑ Townsville Daily Bulletin. Country Party Campaign . Tuesday 2 June 1936. p. 2

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[p1-1] 1 2 3 4 Fitzgerald, Ross. The People's Champion: Fred Paterson]. St. Lucia: Univ. of Queensland Press, 1997. p. 100

[p2-2] 1 2 3 The Courier-Mail. Issue Beyond Doubt . Tuesday 23 June 1936. p. 14

[p4-3] 1 2 The Courier-Mail. Final Figures in Bowen By-Election . Tuesday 7 July 1936. p. 14

[p3-4] 1 2 3 Sunday Mail. Riordan Wins . Sunday 31 May 1936. p. 1

[p5-5] 1 2 The Courier-Mail. Vital Issue at Bowen . Tuesday 16 June 1936. p. 14

[6] Townsville Daily Bulletin. Country Party Campaign . Tuesday 2 June 1936. p. 2

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