1965 Soviet nuclear tests

Last updated
1965
Nuclear Blast Animation Rising Mushroom Cloud.gif
Nuclear blast animation
Information
CountrySoviet Union
Test siteBalapan, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan; Bashkortostan, Russia; Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan; Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan
Period1965
Number of tests14
Test typecratering, underground shaft, tunnel
Max. yield140 kilotonnes of TNT (590 TJ)
Test series chronology
Map all coordinatesin "1965 Soviet nuclear tests" using OpenStreetMap

Download coordinates as:

The Soviet Union's 1965 nuclear test series [1] was a group of 14 nuclear tests conducted in 1965. These tests [note 1] followed the 1964 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1966 Soviet nuclear tests series.

Soviet Union's 1965 series tests and detonations
Name [note 2] Date time (UT) Local time zone [note 3] [2] Location [note 4] Elevation + height [note 5] Delivery, [note 6]
Purpose [note 7] 		Device [note 8] Yield [note 9] Fallout [note 10] References Notes
231 Chagan 15 January 1965 06:00:00.8 ALMT (6 hrs)
Balapan, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1004 49°56′07″N79°00′31″E / 49.9354°N 79.008473°E / 49.9354; 79.008473 (231 Chagan) 330 m (1,080 ft) – 178 m (584 ft)cratering,
earth moving 		140 kt [1] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Equivalent to US Sedan experiment, first Soviet industrial use of nuclear force. The crater and a backup impoundment became Lake Chagan or Balapin, crater 408 m × 100 m (1,339 ft × 328 ft).
2324 February 1965 06:00:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: A 49°46′21″N77°59′39″E / 49.77238°N 77.99428°E / 49.77238; 77.99428 (232) 726 m (2,382 ft) – 262 m (860 ft)tunnel,
fundamental science 		44 kt [1] [4] [6] [7] [8]
2333 March 1965 06:14:59.4 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Zh-3 49°49′29″N78°03′10″E / 49.8247°N 78.0527°E / 49.8247; 78.0527 (233) 625 m (2,051 ft) + tunnel,
weapons development 		27 kt [1] [4] [5] [6] [7]
23427 March 1965 06:30:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: V-2 or A-2p 49°46′24″N77°59′05″E / 49.77347°N 77.98465°E / 49.77347; 77.98465 (234) 700 m (2,300 ft) + tunnel,
weapons development 		60 t [1] [4] [6] [7] [8]
235 Butan (Butane) - 130 March 1965 08:00:00.0 SVET (5 hrs)
Bashkortostan, Russia: 617 53°06′48″N55°51′08″E / 53.1134°N 55.85229°E / 53.1134; 55.85229 (235 Butan (Butane) - 1) – 1,340 m (4,400 ft)underground shaft,
oil stimulation 		2.3 kt [1] [3] [6] [7] [8] [9] First salvo explosion in 2 shafts; oil recovery intensification.
235 Butan (Butane) - 230 March 1965 08:00:00 SVET (5 hrs)
Bashkortostan, Russia: 618 53°06′48″N55°51′01″E / 53.1134°N 55.85029°E / 53.1134; 55.85029 (235 Butan (Butane) - 2) – 1,375 m (4,511 ft)underground shaft,
oil stimulation 		2.3 kt [1] [3] [6] [7] [8] [9]
23611 May 1965 06:40:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: A-p? 49°46′13″N77°59′39″E / 49.7702°N 77.9943°E / 49.7702; 77.9943 (236) 726 m (2,382 ft) + tunnel,
weapons development 		14 kt [1] [4] [5] [6] [7]
237 Butan (Butane)10 June 1965 07:00:00.0 SVET (5 hrs)
Bashkortostan, Russia: 622 53°06′37″N55°51′01″E / 53.1104°N 55.85029°E / 53.1104; 55.85029 (237 Butan (Butane)) – 1,350 m (4,430 ft)underground shaft,
oil stimulation 		7.6 kt [1] [3] [6] [7] [8] [9] Oil recovery intensification.
23817 June 1965 03:45:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Zh-1 49°49′42″N78°04′01″E / 49.8284°N 78.0669°E / 49.8284; 78.0669 (238) 630 m (2,070 ft) + tunnel,
peaceful research 		24 kt [1] [4] [5] [6] [7]
23929 July 1965 03:05:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: A-1sh 49°46′47″N77°59′53″E / 49.7797°N 77.9981°E / 49.7797; 77.9981 (239) 700 m (2,300 ft) + tunnel,
fundamental science 		1.1 kt [1] [4] [5] [6] [7]
24017 September 1965 04:00:00.1 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1 49°48′42″N78°08′48″E / 49.8116°N 78.1467°E / 49.8116; 78.1467 (240) 685 m (2,247 ft) + tunnel,
weapons development 		15 kt [1] [4] [5] [6] [7]
2418 October 1965 06:00:00.4 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Z-1 49°49′33″N78°06′41″E / 49.8259°N 78.1114°E / 49.8259; 78.1114 (241) 630 m (2,070 ft) + tunnel,
weapons development 		29 kt [1] [4] [5] [6] [7]
242 Sary-Uzen14 October 1965 04:00:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs)
Sary-Uzen/Murzhik, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: 1003 49°59′28″N77°38′06″E / 49.99102°N 77.63508°E / 49.99102; 77.63508 (242 Sary-Uzen) 460 m (1,510 ft) – 48 m (157 ft)cratering,
earth moving 		1.1 kt [1] [4] [6] [7] [10] Cratering explosion for reservoir, test in Sary-Uzen. Cratered 107 m × 31 m (351 ft × 102 ft), and a small chemical charge opened the lip. The crater filled with artesian water.
24321 November 1965 04:58:00.0 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Zh-2 49°49′09″N78°03′49″E / 49.8192°N 78.0636°E / 49.8192; 78.0636 (243) 650 m (2,130 ft) + tunnel,
weapons development 		29 kt [1] [4] [5] [6] [7]
24424 December 1965 05:00:00.2 ALMT (6 hrs)
Degelen, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: Z-3 49°48′16″N78°06′24″E / 49.8045°N 78.1067°E / 49.8045; 78.1067 (244) 781 m (2,562 ft) + tunnel,
peaceful research 		6.7 kt [1] [4] [5] [6] [7]
  1. ↑ A bomb test may be a salvo test, defined as two or more explosions "where a period of time between successive individual explosions does not exceed 5 seconds and where the burial points of all explosive devices can be connected by segments of straight lines, each of them connecting two burial points and does not exceed 40 kilometers in length". Mikhailov, V. N. "Catalog of World Wide Nuclear Testing". Begell-Atom, LLC. Archived from the original on 2014-04-26. Retrieved 2013-12-15.
  2. ↑ The US, France and Great Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China did not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions – Soviet peaceful explosions were named). Word translations into English in parentheses unless the name is a proper noun. A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The US also sometimes named the individual explosions in such a salvo test, which results in "name1 – 1(with name2)". If test is canceled or aborted, then the row data like date and location discloses the intended plans, where known.
  3. ↑ To convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day. Historical time zone data obtained from the IANA time zone database.
  4. ↑ Rough place name and a latitude/longitude reference; for rocket-carried tests, the launch location is specified before the detonation location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough location, shared with other tests in that same area.
  5. ↑ Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the height is absolute or relative to ground, for example, Plumbbob/John. No number or units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero. Sorting on this column is by elevation and height added together.
  6. ↑ Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT. Intentional cratering tests are borderline; they occurred under the treaty, were sometimes protested, and generally overlooked if the test was declared to be a peaceful use.
  7. ↑ Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down.
  8. ↑ Designations for test items where known, "?" indicates some uncertainty about the preceding value, nicknames for particular devices in quotes. This category of information is often not officially disclosed.
  9. ↑ Estimated energy yield in tons, kilotons, and megatons. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie).
  10. ↑ Radioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1958 Soviet nuclear tests</span>

The Soviet Union's 1958 nuclear test series was a group of 36 nuclear tests conducted in 1958. These tests followed the 1957 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1961 Soviet nuclear tests series.

The Soviet Union's 1954 nuclear test series was a group of 10 nuclear tests conducted in 1954. These tests followed the 1953 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1955 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1967 Soviet nuclear tests</span> 1967 Soviet Union nuclear bomb tests

The Soviet Union's 1967 nuclear test series was a group of 17 nuclear tests conducted in 1967. These tests followed the 1966 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1968 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1968 Soviet nuclear tests</span> 1968 Soviet Union nuclear bomb tests

The Soviet Union's 1968 nuclear test series was a group of 17 nuclear tests conducted in 1968. These tests followed the 1967 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1969 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1969 Soviet nuclear tests</span> 1969 Soviet Union nuclear bomb tests

The Soviet Union's 1969 nuclear test series was a group of 19 nuclear tests conducted in 1969. These tests followed the 1968 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1970 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1970 Soviet nuclear tests</span> 1970 Soviet Union nuclear bomb tests

The Soviet Union's 1970 nuclear test series was a group of 16 nuclear tests conducted in 1970. These tests followed the 1969 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1971 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1971 Soviet nuclear tests</span> Detonations of atomic bombs in the Eurasian country

The Soviet Union's 1971 nuclear test series was a group of 23 nuclear tests conducted in 1971. These tests followed the 1970 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1972 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1972 Soviet nuclear tests</span>

The Soviet Union's 1972 nuclear test series was a group of 24 nuclear tests conducted in 1972. These tests followed the 1971 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1973 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1973 Soviet nuclear tests</span>

The Soviet Union's 1973 nuclear test series was a group of 17 nuclear tests conducted in 1973. These tests followed the 1972 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1974 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1974 Soviet nuclear tests</span>

The Soviet Union's 1974 nuclear test series was a group of 21 nuclear tests conducted in 1974. These tests followed the 1973 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1975 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1975 Soviet nuclear tests</span>

The Soviet Union's 1975 nuclear test series was a group of 19 nuclear tests conducted in 1975. These tests followed the 1974 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1976 Soviet nuclear tests series.

The Soviet Union's 1976 nuclear test series was a group of 21 nuclear tests conducted in 1976. These tests followed the 1975 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1977 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1978 Soviet nuclear tests</span>

The Soviet Union's 1978 nuclear test series was a group of 31 nuclear tests conducted in 1978. These tests followed the 1977 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1979 Soviet nuclear tests series.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1980 Soviet nuclear tests</span>

The Soviet Union's 1980 nuclear test series was a group of 24 nuclear tests conducted in 1980. These tests followed the 1979 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1981 Soviet nuclear tests series.

The Soviet Union's 1981 nuclear test series was a group of 21 nuclear tests conducted in 1981. These tests followed the 1980 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1982 Soviet nuclear tests series.

The Soviet Union's 1982 nuclear test series was a group of 20 nuclear tests conducted in 1982. These tests followed the 1981 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1983 Soviet nuclear tests series.

The Soviet Union's 1987 nuclear test series was a group of 24 nuclear tests conducted in 1987. These tests followed the 1985 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1988 Soviet nuclear tests series.

The Soviet Union's 1988 nuclear test series was a group of 16 nuclear tests conducted in 1988. These tests followed the 1987 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1989 Soviet nuclear tests series.

The Soviet Union's 1989 nuclear test series was a group of 7 nuclear tests conducted in 1989. These tests followed the 1988 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1990 Soviet nuclear tests series.

The Soviet Union's 1990 nuclear test series was a group of 2 nuclear tests conducted in 1990–1991. These tests followed the 1989 Soviet nuclear tests series.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Yang, Xiaoping; North, Robert; Romney, Carl (August 2000). CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3) (Technical report). SMDC Monitoring Research.
  2. ↑ "Time Zone Historical Database". iana.com. Retrieved March 8, 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Nordyke, M.D. The Soviet Program for Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Explosions (PDF) (UCRL-ID-12441O Rev 2). Retrieved December 13, 2013.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Khalturin, Vitaly I.; Rautian, Tatyana G.; Richards, Paul G. (2000). "Chemical explosions during 1961-1989 on the Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan" (PDF). Pure and Applied Geophysics. 158: 143–171. doi:10.1007/pl00001153. S2CID   128953780. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Cochran, Thomas B.; Arkin, William M.; Norris, Robert S.; Sands, Jeffrey I. Nuclear Weapons Databook Vol. IV: Soviet Nuclear Weapons. New York, NY: Harper and Row.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Podvig, Pavel, ed. (2001). Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ISBN   9780262661812 . Retrieved January 9, 2014.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 USSR Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions 1949 through 1990. Sarov, Russia: RFNC-VNIIEF. 1996. The official Russian list of Soviet tests.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Nuclear explosions in the USSR: The North Test Site reference material, version 4 (PDF) (Technical report). IAEA Dept. of Nuclear Safety and Security. December 1, 2004. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
  9. 1 2 3 Andrushkin, Vitaly V.; Leith, William (September 1, 2001). The containment of Soviet underground nuclear explosions (PDF) (Open File Report 01-312). USGS. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
  10. ↑ Kim, Won-Young; Richards, Paul G.; Andrushkin, Vitaly; Ovtchinnikov, Vladimir (April 1, 2001). Borovoye digital seismogram archive for underground nuclear tests during 1966-1996 (PDF) (Technical report). LDEO. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.