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An independence referendum was held in the South African Bantustan of Ciskei on 4 December 1980. [1] Over 99% of voters voted in favour, [1] and Ciskei was declared independent in 1981 after the Status of Ciskei Act, 1981, was passed by the South African government. [2] The results of the referendum were announced on 17 December. [3]
| Choice | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|
| For | 295,891 | 99.45 |
| Against | 1,642 | 0.55 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 2,198 | – |
| Total | 299,731 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | ~504,000 | ~60 |
| Source:African Elections Database | ||
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Rank comparison charts of armies/land forces of apartheid states and territories in Southern Africa.
The 1990 Ciskei coup d'état was a bloodless military coup in Ciskei, an unrecognised state and a nominally independent South African homeland for the Xhosa people, which took place on 4 March 1990. The coup was led by the then 37-year-old Brigadier Oupa Gqozo, the Chief of Staff Intelligence of the Ciskei Defence Force, against the government of President for Life Lennox Sebe (CNIP), who was on a state visit to Hong Kong at the time. The coup was followed by widespread rioting and looting, prompting Gqozo to request that the South African government send SADF troops to help restore order.
The Ciskei National Independence Party (CNIP) was a political party in the nominally independent South African homeland of Ciskei. It was founded and led by Lennox Sebe. The party advocated cooperation with the South African government. The party governed Ciskei from 1973 until the 1990 coup d'état by Oupa Gqozo.
