The regiment's parent unit was formed on 10–12 June 1861 in St Louis and Boonville, Missouri, as the 1st Missouri Infantry Regiment, to serve three years. On 1 September 1861, the unit was re-designated the 1st Missouri Light Artillery Regiment. Soldiers enlisted in United States regular army units in 1860 and 1861 were transferred into the regiment as Battery L and Battery M. Batteries L and M brought the regiment up to the strength of 12 companies, with batteries named A through M, excluding J. Battery C was immediately disbanded in September 1861. Battery I and Battery L were disbanded in January 1862 and Battery B was disbanded in April 1862. The soldiers in Batteries B, C, I, and L were transferred to the other companies.[1]
John V. Dubois was appointed colonel to rank from 1 September 1862, but he quickly resigned on 14 October 1862. Warren L. Lothrop was promoted lieutenant colonel on 19 February 1862 and became colonel on 1 October 1862. A. M. Powell became major on 1 September 1861 and became lieutenant colonel on 21 October 1862. G. Harry Stone was promoted major on 19 February 1862. Thomas D. Maurice became major on 21 November 1862. David Murphy became major on 19 March 1863 and resigned on 10 July 1863. Nelson D. Cole was elevated to the rank of major on 10 August 1863 and promoted colonel of the 2nd Missouri Light Artillery Regiment on 2 October 1863. Charles Mann became major on 21 October 1863. Frederick Welker was promoted major on 3 November 1864.[2]
Company commanders
Original Company Commanders, 1st Missouri Artillery Regiment[3]
Mann's Independent Missouri Battery, formed 4 November 1861, was renamed Battery C, 1st Missouri Light Artillery in August 1862. Buel's Independent Battery, formed 12 July 1861, was reassigned as Battery I in August 1862. Battery A, Schofield's Light Artillery, formed 25 July 1862, was renamed Battery L in October 1862. Battery A, Missouri Artillery Battalion, formed 25 September 1861, was assigned as Battery B in December 1862. Battery E was mustered out at the end of its three-year term of service in June 1864. Company C, Segebarth's Pennsylvania Artillery was then reassigned as Battery E on 14 September 1864. Battery I was mustered out on 30 June 1864 at the end of its term of service. When Battery D reached the end of its term of service, its members mustered out except recruits and re-enlisted veterans. Battery D consolidated with Battery C on 11 April 1865. The remaining companies mustered out between 16 June and 23 August 1865.[1]
Casualties
The regiment suffered losses in the following list of actions. Actions are not listed if no losses were reported.[4]
Union Army: 1st Missouri Artillery Regiment Casualties[4]
According to the 4th Quarter 1862 report, the batteries were armed with the artillery pieces shown in the table below, except where otherwise noted.[5] By the time of the 4th Quarter 1863 report, several batteries were armed with different weapons. Battery A was rearmed with two M1841 6-pounder field guns, three M1841 12-pounder howitzers, and one 12-pounder Napoleon. Battery C was equipped with four M1841 12-pounder howitzers. Battery D was rearmed with three M1841 6-pounder field guns, two M1841 12-pounder howitzers, one M1841 24-pounder howitzer, and two 3-inch Ordnance rifles. Battery E had only two 10-pounder Parrott rifles and two 3.5-inch Blakely rifles. Batteries G and H were each rearmed with six 12-pounder Napoleons. Battery I was equipped with two M1841 6-pounder field guns, one M1841 12-pounder howitzer, two 10-pounder Parrott rifles, and one rifled M1841 12-pounder field gun. Battery L had only two 6-pounder rifles (3.67-inch) and two M1841 12-pounder howitzers.[6]
Union Army: 1st Missouri Artillery Regiment Armament[5]
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United States 
Missouri