The water polo tournaments at the 2020 Summer Olympics took place at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center in Kōtō. Twenty-two teams competed in the tournament, an increase of two from the previous editions. Men's Water polo was also the last final played before the closing ceremony.
The men's tournament of Water polo at the 2016 Summer Olympics at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, began on 6 August and ended on 20 August 2016. Games were held at the Maria Lenk Aquatics Centre and the Olympic Aquatics Stadium.
The men's water polo tournament at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships, organised by the FINA, was held in Budapest, Hungary from 17 to 29 July 2017.
The qualification for the 2020 men's Olympic water polo tournament allocated twelve teams quota spots: the hosts, the top team in the World League, the top two teams in the World Championships, five continental Olympic qualification tournament champions, and the three top teams at an Olympic qualifying tournament.
The qualification for the 2020 women's Olympic water polo tournament allocated ten teams quota spots: the hosts, the top team in the World League, the top team in the World Championships, five continental Olympic qualification tournament champions, and the two top teams at an Olympic qualifying tournament.
Croatia competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020, the Games were postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the nation's eighth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.
Spain competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020 but postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the nation's official debut in 1920, Spanish athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games, with the exception of the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin and the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, as a part of the boycott against the Soviet invasion of Hungary. Spain competed in all sports except baseball, rugby sevens, wrestling and surfing.
The men's tournament of water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics at Tokyo, Japan began on 25 July and ended on 8 August 2021. It was held at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. It was the 27th official appearance of the tournament, which was not held in 1896 and was a demonstration sport in 1904 but otherwise had been held at every Olympics.
The women's tournament of water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics at Tokyo, Japan was played from 24 July to 7 August 2021 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. It was the sixth appearance of the women's tournament, which had been held consecutively since 2000 and also was the first time on history that the tournament had 10 teams competing.
The men's water polo tournament at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships, organised by the FINA, was held in Gwangju, South Korea from 15 to 27 July. This was the eighteenth time that the men's water polo tournament has been played since the first edition in 1973.
The 2020 FINA Men's Water Polo World League was the 19th edition of the annual men's international water polo tournament. It was played between November 2019 and July 2021 and open to all men's water polo national teams. After participating in a preliminary round, eight teams qualified to play in a final tournament, called the Super Final, originally scheduled from 23 to 28 June 2020. The tournament was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In August 2020, it was announced that it would be played in from January to July 2021.
The 2020 FINA Women's Water Polo World League was the 17th edition of the annual women's international water polo tournament. It was played between October 2019 and June 2021 and opened to all women's water polo national teams. After participating in a preliminary round, eight teams qualified to play in a final tournament, called the Super Final, originally from 9–14 June 2020. The tournament was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In August 2020, it was announced that it would be played in from January to June 2021.
The 2020 Women's Water Polo Olympic Qualification Tournament took place in Trieste, Italy. The top two teams advanced to the Olympics.
Montenegro competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020, the Games were postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the nation's fourth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics since gaining independence in 2006.
The 2022 Men's European Water Polo Championship was the 35th running of the tournament. It was held in the Spaladium Arena in Split, Croatia from 29 August to 10 September 2022.
The 2022 Women's European Water Polo Championship was the 19th running of the tournament. It was held in the Spaladium Arena in Split, Croatia from 27 August to 10 September 2022.
The men's water polo tournament at the 2022 World Aquatics Championships was held from 21 June to 3 July 2022 in Budapest, Hungary. This was the 19th time that the men's water polo tournament has been played since the first edition in 1973.
The women's water polo tournament at the 2022 World Aquatics Championships is held from 20 June to 2 July 2022. This is the 15th time that the women's water polo tournament has been played since the first edition in 1986.
The 2023 Men's FINA Water Polo World Cup was the 17th edition of the tournament. It ran from 8 March to 2 July 2023. The Super final took place between 30 June and 2 July 2023 in Los Angeles, United States.
The 2023 FINA Women's Water Polo World Cup was the 18th edition of the tournament. It ran from 11 April to 25 June 2023. The Super final took place between 23 and 25 June 2023 in Long Beach, United States.
Netherlands 
Montenegro 
Greece 
Croatia 
Russia 
