24th Michigan Infantry Regiment

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24th Michigan Infantry Regiment
24th Michigan Infantry Regimental flag.png
National color of the regiment
ActiveAugust 15, 1862, to June 30, 1865
Country United States
Allegiance Union
Branch Infantry
Engagements
Commanders
Colonel Henry Andrew Morrow
Insignia
I Corps badge (1st Division) Icorpsbadge1.png

The 24th Michigan Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was part of the Union Iron Brigade. It was chosen to be the honor guard for the Funeral of Abraham Lincoln.

Contents

24th Michigan Infantry's National Color, used from Fredericksburg to Gettysburg, currently in the collection of Save the Flags of Michigan and the Michigan History Center. 24th Michigan Infantry National Color.jpg
24th Michigan Infantry's National Color, used from Fredericksburg to Gettysburg, currently in the collection of Save the Flags of Michigan and the Michigan History Center.

Service

The 24th Michigan Infantry was organized at Detroit, Michigan and mustered into Federal service on August 15, 1862. It was assigned to the famous Iron Brigade in the Army of the Potomac. The brigade's commander General John Gibbon had requested a new regiment be added to his command because its four original regiments (the 2nd, 6th, and 7th Wisconsin and the 19th Indiana) had been severely depleted by combat action and numbered less than 1000 men total by October 1862. He said that ideally it should be a Western regiment since the others were from that part of the country. Gibbon's request granted, the 24th Michigan joined the brigade and saw its first action at Fredericksburg taking on a nuisance battery of Confederate horse artillery south of the town. The regiment would follow up its actions at Fredericksburg with a raid on Port Royal, Virginia and fighting at Fitzhugh Crossing. It would earn the Model 1858 Hardee Hat of the Iron Brigade in May, 1863.

The 24th saw no major action during the Chancellorsville campaign, but at Gettysburg it "Went into action with 496 officers and men. Killed & mortally wounded: 89; Otherwise wounded: 218; Captured: 56; Total casualties: 363. Nine color bearers were killed or mortally wounded and two wounded, of 13 men to hold onto the flag during the first day of the battle, and all the color guard killed or wounded, a net loss of 80%. The 24th Michigan alongside the 1st Minnesota Infantry Regiment suffered the highest casualties of any Union forces that fought at Gettysburg." [1]

Colonel Morrow was wounded while holding the regimental flag. "Just before reaching the fence, Col. Morrow was wounded in the head while bearing the colors. He was stunned by the wound and fell down. He was then helped from the field by Lt. Charles Hutton of Company G, with the last alive and non-wounded officer, then Captain Albert M. Edwards, assuming command of the regiment." [2]

Thereafter, the 24th participated in the rest of the Army of the Potomac's campaigns and battles, participating in the Overland Campaign, being heavily engaged at both the Battle of the Wilderness and the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, with Colonel Morrow being wounded in the Wilderness and Lieutenant Colonel William Wight would take command through the rest of the Overland Campaign except for the latter portion of the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House when he was sick and led by Albert M. Edwards, by then a major, until he was forced to resign to his wounds he sustained at Gettysburg, with command of the Regiment once again falling on Albert M. Edwards, who was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel with Captain William Hutchinson being promoted to Major and Edwards would be the commander of the regiment until December, 1864 when Colonel Morrow would return and then would become commander once again when Morrow was promoted to Brevet Brigadier General. The 24th after the Overland Campaign would participate in the Petersburg Campaign, participating in various battles during the siege such as the Battle of Weldon Railroad and the Battle of Peeble’s Farm but was not present at Appomattox because it had been reassigned to Camp Butler (Illinois) in Illinois two months earlier after the Battle of Hatcher's Run.

The regiment was selected as an escort at the funeral of President Abraham Lincoln.

The regiment was mustered out on June 30, 1865.

The 24th Michigan on their 5th line of defense on the 1st day of the Battle of Gettysburg, showing Colonel Morrow holding the regimental national colors before being wounded. 24th Michigan Infantry on the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg.jpg
The 24th Michigan on their 5th line of defense on the 1st day of the Battle of Gettysburg, showing Colonel Morrow holding the regimental national colors before being wounded.

Total strength and casualties

The regiment suffered 12 officers and 177 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 3 officers and 136 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 328 fatalities, [3] including John Litogot, the maternal uncle of auto tycoon Henry Ford, who was killed at the Battle of Fredericksburg. Barney Litogot, another uncle of Ford's, was wounded at Gettysburg and would serve with the regiment till the end of the war and serve on the honor guard for Lincoln's funeral. [4]

Commanders

The original field and staff officers and company line officers and their fates during the war where information is available:

Colonel-Henry A. Morrow, wounded 3 times, promoted to Brigadier General.

Lieutenant Colonel- Mark Flanigan, wounded, lost a leg at Gettysburg, discharged for wounds.

Major- Henry W. Nall, resigned due to contracting tuberculosis.

Adjutant- James J. Burns- resigned due to disability.

Quartermaster- Digby V. Bell Jr.- honorably discharged on tender of resignation.

Surgeon- Dr. John H. Beech- promoted to brigade surgeon before resigning due to poor health in April, 1865.

Assistant Surgeon- Dr. Charles C. Smith- honorably discharged on tender of resignation.

Assistant Surgeon- Dr. Alexander Collar- honorably discharged due to ill health.

Chaplain- Reverend William C. Way-Only regimental Chaplain for a Michigan regiment to last from muster in to muster out.

Sergeant Major- Edwin Norton- wounded and captured at Gettysburg as a 1st Lieutenant, after release promoted to captain, was captured at the Battle of the Wilderness, after his release commanded Company H at the end of the war.

Quartermaster Sergeant- Alonzo Eaton-commissioned Lieutenant, was captured at the Battle of Globe Tavern, and was exchanged in February, 1865.

Commissary Sergeant- Gilbert Dickey- killed at Gettysburg as a 2nd Lieutenant, Dickey was a member of Michigan State University first graduating class and among the first names to be enshrined on MSU Alumni Memorial Chapel walls. Dickey was one of the very few original members of the regiment that wasn't from Wayne County as he came from Marshall, Michigan. His brother Harrison also served with the regiment and served till the end of the war.

Hospital Steward- Elmer D. Wallace- Commissioned Lieutenant, after the war became Lieutenant Governor of North Dakota.

Chief Musician- James F. Raymond

Drum Major- Daniel B. Nichils

Fife Major- Charles M. Phillips

Company A Captain: Captain Edwin B. Wight- promoted to Major and he was wounded and lost an eye at Gettysburg, resigned and discharged for his Gettysburg wounds. He was the younger brother of William Wight.

Company A 1st Lieutenant- Richard S. Dillon- Promoted to Captain and wounded four times at Gettysburg, he served as the Acting Assistant Inspector General of the Iron Brigade and was breveted Major for meritorious service.

Company A 2nd Lieutenant- H. Rees Whiting- wounded at both Fredericksburg and Gettysburg, he was made an aide to Morrow when he was promoted to Brigadier General and was breveted Major for meritorious service.

Company B Captain- Captain Isaac W. Ingersoll- Resigned due to old age and disability.

Company B 1st Lieutenant- William H. Redford- made regiment adjunct, he was wounded severely at Gettysburg and honorably discharged due to wounds.

Company B 2nd Lieutenant- Frederick Augustus Buhl- a member of the Buhl family of whom the Buhl Building in Detroit gets its name, he was wounded at Gettysburg, resigned to accept a commission in the 1st Michigan Cavalry Regiment in which he would be killed in action.

Company C Captain- Captain Calvin B. Crosby- resigned due to ill health.

Company C 1st Lieutenant- Charles A. Hoyt- Wounded at both Fredericksburg and Gettysburg, discharged honorably due to wounds.

Company C 2nd Lieutenant- Winfield S. Safford- killed at Gettysburg.

Company D Captain- Captain William J. Speed- killed at Gettysburg, he was a Detroit city attorney before the war.

Company D 1st Lieutenant- John M. Farland- promoted to Captain after being wounded at Gettysburg, honorably discharged due to disability in July, 1864.

Company D 2nd Lieutenant- Charles C. Yemans- served as an aide on the Iron Brigade staff until he resigned due to disability in September, 1863.

Company E Captain- Captain James Cullen- resigned due to disability.

Company E 1st Lieutenant- John J. Lennon- honorably discharged due to disability.

Company E 2nd Lieutenant- Malachi J. O’Donnell- promoted to captain, he was killed at Gettysburg.

Company F Captain- Captain Albert M. Edwards- promoted to Major and then Lieutenant Colonel and breveted Colonel, became regimental commander.

Company F 1st Lieutenant- Ara W. Sprague- wounded and captured at Gettysburg, he would die as a prisoner in Charleston, SC.

Company F 2nd Lieutenant- Jacob M. Howard Jr- a son of Michigan United States Senator Jacob M. Howard, he would be made a staff member of the I Corps then the V Corps and promoted to captain and then breveted Major and Lieutenant Colonel at the end of the war.

Company G Captain- Captain William A. Owen- wounded at Fredericksburg and he was discharged for wounds.

Company G 1st Lieutenant- William Hutchinson- promoted to captain, wounded at Gettysburg and Petersburg and then promoted to Major and breveted Lieutenant Colonel.

Company G 2nd Lieutenant- George W. Burchell- wounded at Fitzhugh Crossing, Spotsylvania Courthouse and the Siege of Petersburg, promoted to Captain and resigned due to disability in January, 1865.

Company H Captain- Captain Warren G. Vinton- Honorably discharged due to ill health.

Company H 1st Lieutenant- John C. Merritt- he would die of typhoid fever in July, 1863.

Company H 2nd Lieutenant- Newell Grace- Mortally wounded during the Battle of Gettysburg.

Company I Captain- Captain George C. Gordon- wounded and captured at Gettysburg, escaped prison and was breveted Major when the regiment was at Camp Butler.

Company I 1st Lieutenant- Henry P. Kinney- dismissed due to order after Fredericksburg.

Company I 2nd Lieutenant- John M. Gordon- honorably discharged on tender of resignation.

Company K Captain- William W. Wight- wounded at Gettysburg, he was promoted to Major in October, 1863 then Lieutenant Colonel in early 1864, he would command the regiment after Colonel Morrow's wounding at the Wilderness and would lead the regiment at Spotsylvania Court House before resigning in June, 1864 due to impaired health from his Gettysburg wound. He would be the inspecter sent by the State of Michigan for the regiment during the Election of 1864. He was Edwin Wight's older brother.

Company K 1st Lieutenant- Walter H. Wallace- Killed at Gettysburg.

Company K 2nd Lieutenant- David Birrell- Killed at Fredericksburg.

The regiment staff and officers at muster out:

Lieutenant Colonel (Brevet Colonel) Albert M. Edwards

Major (Brevet Lieutenant Colonel) William Hutchinson

Adjutant Lewis H. Chamberlin

Surgeon George W. Towar

Assistant Surgeon Edward Lauderdale

Chaplin William C. Way

Quartermaster David Congdon

Sergeant Major Edward B. Chope

Quartermaster Sergeant Sullivan D. Green

Commissionary Sergeant Charles H. McConnell

Hospital Steward Owen Churchill

Musicians Arthur S. Congdon and Edwin Cotton

Company A Captain (brevet major) Richard S. Dillon 1st Lieutenant Elmer D. Wallace 2nd Lieutenant George Dingwall

Company B Captain Edward B. Wilkie 1st Lieutenant Alonzo Eaton 2nd Lieutenant Charles H. Chope

Company C Captain John Witherspoon 1st Lieutenant Albert Wilford 2nd Lieutenant Augustus Pomeroy

Company D Captain George W. Haigh 1st Lieutenant George W. Chilson 2nd Lieutenant Charles A. King

Company E Captain (brevet Major) H. Rees Whiting 1st Lieutenant Samuel W. Church 2nd Lieutenant E. Ben Fischer

Company F Captain George A. Ross 1st Lieutenant Augustus F. Ziegler 2nd Lieutenant James D. Shearer

Company G Captain Benjamin W. Hendricks 1st Lieutenant Ferdinand E. Welton 2nd Lieutenant Augustus Hussey

Company H Captain Edwin E. Norton 1st Lieutenant Everard B. Welton 2nd Lieutenant Hugh F. Vanderlip

Company I Captain (brevet Major) George C. Gordon 1st Lieutenant Edgar A. Kimmel 2nd Lieutenant William M. McNoah

Company K Captain William R. Dodsley 1st Lieutenant Shepherd L. Howard 2nd Lieutenant Ira W. Fletcher

Colonel Henry A. Morrow, shown here as a Brigadier General in 1865, he would be breveted Major General in 1866. COL Henry Morrow.jpg
Colonel Henry A. Morrow, shown here as a Brigadier General in 1865, he would be breveted Major General in 1866.
Lieutenant Colonel (Brevet Colonel) Albert M. Edwards. LTC Albert M. Edwards.jpg
Lieutenant Colonel (Brevet Colonel) Albert M. Edwards.
Lieutenant Colonel (Breveted Colonel, then Brigadier General) Mark Flanigan. LTC Mark Flanigan.jpg
Lieutenant Colonel (Breveted Colonel, then Brigadier General) Mark Flanigan.
Major (Brevet Lieutenant Colonel) William Hutchinson. Maj (Bvt Ltc) William Hutchinson of the 24th Michigan.jpg
Major (Brevet Lieutenant Colonel) William Hutchinson.
Captain (Brevet Major) George C. Gordon. CPT George C. Gordon.jpg
Captain (Brevet Major) George C. Gordon.
Chaplain William C. Way. Chaplain William C. Way of the 24th Michigan Infantry of the Iron Brigade.jpg
Chaplain William C. Way.

See also

References

  1. 24th Michigan monument, Gettysburg National Battlefield Park
  2. Hadden, Robert Lee. "The deadly embrace: the meeting of the Twenty-Fourth Regiment, Michigan Infantry and the Twenty-Sixth Regiment of North Carolina Troops at McPherson's woods, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July 1, 1863." Gettysburg magazine. No. 5 (July 1991). Pages 19-33: ill., map; 28 cm. Page 30.
  3. http://www.civilwararchive.com/Unreghst/unmiinf3.htm#24th The Civil War Archive website after Dyer, Frederick Henry. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion. 3 vols. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1959.
  4. "John and Barney Litogot: Henry Ford's Uncles in the Civil War -- the Henry Ford Blog - Blog - the Henry Ford".

Bibliography