29th Motor Torpedo Boat Flotilla

Last updated
29th Motor Torpedo Boat Flotilla
MTB-460 MIKAN 4821109.jpg
MTB 460
Active1944-1945
Country Flag of Canada (1921-1957).svg Canada
Branch Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg Royal Canadian Navy
Type Naval force
RoleEscort
Coastal Defence
Anti-submarine operations
Equipment71ft 6ins (Mk.VI) Type 'G' motor torpedo boat
Engagements D Day

The 29th Motor Torpedo Boat Flotilla was a motor torpedo boat (MTB) flotilla crewed by Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) reservists in service with the Coastal Forces of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. The 29th MTB Flotilla had a short and distinguished history in the English Channel, including action during the Normandy landings in 1944. [1]

Contents

Memorial in Ostend Gedenksteen 29th MTB flotilla Oostende 17-01-2024 12-07-09.jpg
Memorial in Ostend

Operations

Formed in March 1944 under the command of an experienced Lt Anthony Law (RCNVR) and equipped with eight British built 71 ft 6ins (Mk.VI) Type 'G' MTBs, the 29th Flotilla conducted initial work up training at HMS Bee Coastal Forces Base at (Holyhead) throughout the month of April 1944, moving to its first operational base HMS Fervent Coastal Forces Base (Ramsgate) in May 1944. [1]

The first mission assigned to the 29th MTB Flotilla was given to MTBs 460,462,464 and 465. Tasked with escorting a clandestine mine gathering expedition to the German controlled Normandy coast, on 16 May 1944 the Canadian MTBs proceeded to the French Coast along with two British MTBs, protecting them as volunteers were landed ashore by outboards to lift sample mines from the German beach defence. Managing to accomplish their mission undetected, the captured mines provided much needed intelligence prior to the Allied D-Day landings. [1]

Between 20 and 22 May 1944, the 29th MTB Flotilla joined RCN Tribal-class destroyers and the 65th MTB Flotilla in intercepting enemy coastal convoys in the English Channel. Targeting German schnellboote (E-boats), escort ships, merchant vessels; the MTBs lured German destroyers within the gun range of accompanying heavier warships. [1] Following this success, on 27 May 1944 the 29th MTB Flotilla moved to HMS Hornet Coastal Forces Base at Gosport (Portsmouth), in preparation for Operation Neptune in June 1944. [1]

During the Normandy invasion on June 6, 1944, the 29th Flotilla was tasked with guarding the east flank of the invasion fleets, while the 65th Flotilla was assigned to protect the western flank. [2] Following the invasion, the MTBs of the 29th Flotilla patrolled the 15 km distance between the eastern edge of the assault area and the German naval base at Le Havre. Each night three or four Canadian MTBs waited until larger Allied ships tracked the German surface ships attempting either to attack the allied assault area or transport supplies into Le Havre. Typically, short, sharp engagements followed, with the Germans turning back to safety once they realized Allied forces were in place. The 29th Flotilla carried out this duty through August 1944, and in the words of the flotilla commander Lt Cdr Anthony Law, RCNVR: [3]

"The officers and men were beginning to show the strain caused by months of these nerve wracking operations, and this combined with irregular meals was responsible for many of us losing weight. The 29th was battle-weary, and we were beginning to feel that we could not last much longer under the severe conditions: mines going off, shore batteries pounding on us; and dive bombers, like vicious bats, roaring out of the night and putting the fear of God into us…the personnel of the 29th were falling victim to horrible, haunting fears, and the boats, whose arduous task of defending the anchorage had almost burned them out, were badly in need of repair."

Lt Cdr Anthony Law, RCNVR

Based at HMS Beehive, Felixstowe in October 1944, the 29th Flotilla was later transferred to Coastal Forces Mobile Unit (CFMU) No. 1, Ostend, Belgium where disaster struck. The 29th Flotilla was disbanded shortly after five Canadian boats were sunk & twenty-six sailors were killed by an explosion while alongside at Ostend, on 14 February 1945. After the disbandment of the 29th MTB Flotilla, the remaining Canadian boats were attached to other RN flotillas.

Organisation on 6 June 1944 [4]
MTBCommanding Officer
MTB 459Lt C.A. Law, RCNVR (as S.O.) [5]
MTB 460Lt D.A. Killam, RCNVR
MTB 461Lt. C.A. Burk, RCNVR
MTB 462Lt. R.J. Moyse, RCNVR
MTB 463Lt. D.G. Creba, RCNVR
MTB 464Lt. L.C. Bishop, RCNVR
MTB 465Lt C.D. Chaffey, RCNVR
MTB 466Lt S.B. Marshall, RCNVR

71ft 6ins (Mk.VI) Type 'G' motor torpedo boat

Built by the British Power Boat Company (BPB) at their yard in Hythe, Hampshire, originally eight 71 ft 6in (known to the Canadians as Type 'G' ) MTBs (459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466) were assigned to the 29th MTB Flotilla, with three more boats (485, 486, 491) added later to replace damaged or sunken vessels. [6] Originally designed as Motor Gun Boats (MGBs), they were modified and re-designated as MTBs. Different boats received torpedo tubes at different times and several boats (such as MTB 460)were photographed whilst in service without torpedo tubes, although having the mounting rails fitted to their decks. These boats had to fight as MGBs until they received their torpedoes, although still carrying 'MTB' pennant numbers. (Driven by three Packard V-12 Supercharged 1250 H.P. engines, each with a 2,500 gallon capacity of 100 octane gas, these vessels had an operational radius of about 140 miles while cruising at 25 knots, and a top speed of some 40 knots. MTB 486 is the only known MTB of the 29th MTB Flotilla to survive into the 21st century as a civilian houseboat renamed Sungo. [6]

29th Canadian MTB Flotilla [7] [8]
NamePennant #ShipbuilderLocationTransferred to the RCNRemoved from RCN serviceFate
MTB 459 MTB459-0001.jpg
MTB 459
MTB 459British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.26 Jan 194414 Feb 1945Ex-MGB 140 (1943)

Destroyed by an explosion and subsequent fire at Oostende, Belgium on 14 February 1945

MTB 460 MTB-460 MIKAN 4821109.jpg
MTB 460
MTB 460British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.25 Feb 19441 Jul 1944Mined and sunk off Normandy, France on 1 July 1944
MTB 461British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.28 Feb 194414 Feb 1945Destroyed by an explosion and subsequent fire at Oostende, Belgium on 14 February 1945
MTB 462 MTB462-0006.jpg
MTB 462
MTB 462British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.01 Mar 194414 Feb 1945Destroyed by an explosion and subsequent fire at Oostende, Belgium on 14 February 1945
MTB 463 MTB463-0001.jpg
MTB 463
MTB 463British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.16 Mar 19447 Jul 1944Mined and sunk off Normandy, France on 7 July 1944
MTB 464British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.26 Mar 194409 Jun 1945Sold in May 1945
MTB 465British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.27 Mar 194414 Feb 1945Destroyed by an explosion and subsequent fire at Oostende, Belgium on 14 February 1945
MTB 466 MTB466-0001.jpg
MTB 466
MTB 466British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.29 Mar 194414 Feb 1945Destroyed by an explosion and subsequent fire at Oostende, Belgium on 14 February 1945
MTB 485 MTB485.jpg
MTB 485
MTB 485British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.10 Mar 19451945Returned to the RN in 1945

Sold in 1945

MTB 486 MTB486.png
MTB 486
MTB 486British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.05 Aug 194408 Mar 1945Sold 1945
MTB 491British Power BoatHythe, England, U.K.04 Oct 194410 Mar 1945Returned to the Royal Navy in 1945

Sold in January 1946

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Motor torpedo boat</span> Type of fast torpedo boat

A motor torpedo boat is a fast torpedo boat, especially of the mid 20th century. The motor in the designation originally referred to their use of petrol engines, typically marinised aircraft engines or their derivatives, which distinguished them from other naval craft of the era, including other torpedo boats, that used steam turbines or reciprocating steam engines. Later, diesel-powered torpedo boats appeared, in turn or retroactively referred to as "motor torpedo boats" for their internal combustion engines, as distinct from steam powered reciprocating or turbine propulsion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Motor gunboat</span> British Second World War small high-speed military vessel

The motor gunboat (MGB) was a small, high-speed British military vessel of the Second World War, which was armed with a mix of guns, in contrast to the physically similar motor torpedo boat (MTB), whose main offensive weapon were torpedoes. The small size of the MGBs, and their high speed, made them difficult targets for German E-boats, though, like their opponents, they were limited by heavy weather, because they did not provide a stable-enough platform to aim the guns. The large number of guns meant the crew was relatively large, numbering as high as thirty men on the largest boats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Norwegian armed forces in exile</span> Remnants fighting with the Allies in WWII

The Norwegian armed forces in exile were remnants of the armed forces of Norway that continued to fight the Axis powers from Allied countries, such as Britain and Canada, after they had escaped the German conquest of Norway during World War II.

Fairmile B motor launch WWII Royal Navy motor boat

The Fairmile B motor launch was a very numerous class of motor launch produced in kit form by British boatbuilder Fairmile Marine, and then assembled and fitted out by numerous boatyards during the Second World War to meet the Royal Navy's coastal operation requirements.

Fairmile D motor torpedo boat

The Fairmile D motor torpedo boat was a type of British motor torpedo boat (MTB) and motor gunboat (MGB), conceived by entrepreneur Noel Macklin of Fairmile Marine and designed by naval architect Bill Holt for the Royal Navy. Nicknamed "Dog Boats", they were designed to be assembled in kit form mass-produced by the Fairmile organisation and assembled at dozens of small boatbuilding yards around Britain, to combat the known advantages of the German E-boats over previous British coastal craft designs. At 115 feet in length, they were bigger than earlier MTB or motor gunboat (MGB) designs but slower, at 30 knots compared to 40 knots.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coastal Forces of the Royal Navy</span> British Royal Navy unit

Coastal Forces was a division of the Royal Navy initially established during World War I, and then again in World War II under the command of Rear-Admiral, Coastal Forces. It remained active until the last minesweepers to wear the "HM Coastal Forces" cap tally were taken out of reserve in 1968. The division received more gallantry awards than any other branch of the Royal Navy during that period.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coastal Forces of the Royal Canadian Navy</span> Military unit

The Coastal Forces of the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) was a specialized naval force of well-armed, small and fast motor launch (ML) and motor torpedo boat (MTB) flotillas, primarily manned by members of the Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve (RCNVR). Tasked with escort, coastal defence, anti-submarine, minesweeping and search and rescue duties, the Coastal Forces of the RCN contributed to securing Allied sea lines of communication off the coasts of Canada and Britain during the Second World War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adriatic campaign of World War II</span>

The Adriatic campaign of World War II was a minor naval campaign fought during World War II between the Greek, Yugoslavian and Italian navies, the Kriegsmarine, and the Mediterranean squadrons of the United Kingdom, France, and the Yugoslav Partisan naval forces. Considered a somewhat insignificant part of the naval warfare in World War II, it nonetheless saw interesting developments, given the specificity of the Dalmatian coastline.

HMS Cubitt (K512) was a Captain-class frigate of the British Royal Navy that served during World War II. The ship was laid down as a Buckley-class destroyer escort at the Bethlehem-Hingham Shipyard at Hingham, Massachusetts on 9 June 1943, with the hull number DE-83, and launched on 11 September 1943. The ship was transferred to the UK under Lend-Lease on 17 November 1943, and named after Captain J. Cubitt, a Navy officer who commanded the frigate Mary Rose in 1661.

HMS <i>Rutherford</i> Frigate of the Royal Navy

HMS Rutherford (K558) was a British Captain-class frigate of the Royal Navy in commission during World War II. Originally constructed as a United States Navy Buckley-class destroyer escort, she served in the Royal Navy from 1943 to 1945.

HMS <i>Windsor</i> (D42) Destroyer of the Royal Navy

The third HMS Windsor (D42) was a W-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service in the final months of World War I and in World War II.

The action of 1 November 1944, also known as the Ambush off Pag Island, was a naval engagement in the Kvarner Gulf of the Adriatic Sea, between the islands of Pag and Lussino on 1 November 1944. It was fought between a British Royal Navy destroyer flotilla and a Kriegsmarine force of two corvettes and a destroyer. The German flotilla was deployed to escort a convoy retreating from Šibenik to Fiume. The British managed to destroy all three German ships in return for no loss.

HMC <i>ML Q050</i> First of a series of 80 Type B Fairmiles built for the RCN delivered on 18 November 1941

HMC ML Q050 was the first of a series of wooden Canadian-built Fairmile B motor launch (ML) boats delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) on 18 November 1941. Originally designed for the Royal Navy by W.J. Holt of the British Admiralty and built by British boatbuilder Fairmile Marine, during the Second World War 80 Fairmile B motor launches were built in Canada for service with the Coastal Forces of the RCN.

HMC <i>ML Q051</i> Canadian wooden upgunned submarine chaser

HMC ML Q051 was a wooden Canadian-built Fairmile B motor launch (M.L.) upgunned submarine chaser delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) on 24 November 1941. Originally designed for the Royal Navy by W.J. Holt of the British Admiralty and built by British boatbuilder Fairmile Marine, during the Second World War eighty Fairmile B motor launches were built in Canada for service with the Coastal Forces of the RCN.

HMC <i>ML Q052</i> Canadian wooden upgunned submarine chaser

HMC MLQ052 was a wooden Fairmile B motor launch (ML) upgunned submarine chaser delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) on 31 October 1941. Originally designed for the Royal Navy by W.J. Holt of the British Admiralty and built by British boatbuilder Fairmile Marine, during the Second World War eighty Fairmile B motor launches were built in Canada for service with the Coastal Forces of the RCN.

HMC <i>ML Q053</i> Canadian wooden upgunned submarine chaser

HMC MLQ053 was a wooden Fairmile B motor launch (ML) upgunned submarine chaser delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) on 17 November 1941. Originally designed for the Royal Navy by W.J. Holt of the British Admiralty and built by British boatbuilder Fairmile Marine, during the Second World War eighty Fairmile B motor launches were built in Canada for service with the Coastal Forces of the RCN.

HMC <i>ML Q054</i> Canadian wooden upgunned submarine chaser

HMC ML Q054 was a wooden Canadian-built Fairmile B motor launch (ML) upgunned submarine chaser delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) on 17 October 1941. Originally designed for the Royal Navy by W.J. Holt of the British Admiralty and built by British boatbuilder Fairmile Marine, during the Second World War eighty Fairmile B motor launches were built in Canada for service with the Coastal Forces of the RCN.

HMC <i>ML Q055</i> Canadian wooden upgunned submarine chaser

HMC ML Q055 was a wooden Canadian-built Fairmile B motor launch (ML) upgunned submarine chaser delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) on 6 November 1941. Originally designed for the Royal Navy by W.J. Holt of the British Admiralty and built by British boatbuilder Fairmile Marine, during the Second World War eighty Fairmile B motor launches were built in Canada for service with the Coastal Forces of the RCN.

HMC <i>ML Q056</i> Canadian ship

HMC MLQ056 was a wooden Canadian-built Fairmile B motor launch (ML) upgunned submarine chaser delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) on 23 November 1941. Originally designed for the Royal Navy by W.J. Holt of the British Admiralty and built by British boatbuilder Fairmile Marine, during the Second World War eighty Fairmile B motor launches were built in Canada for service with the Coastal Forces of the RCN.

HMC <i>ML Q057</i> Canadian wooden upgunned submarine chaser

HMC MLQ057 was a wooden Canadian-built Fairmile B motor launch (ML) upgunned submarine chaser delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) on 28 October 1941. Originally designed for the Royal Navy by W.J. Holt of the British Admiralty and built by British boatbuilder Fairmile Marine, during the Second World War eighty Fairmile B motor launches were built in Canada for service with the Coastal Forces of the RCN.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Naval Museum of Manitoba - Canadian Naval History". www.naval-museum.mb.ca. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  2. "Year of the Veteran". Alberta Teachers Association. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  3. Whitby, Michael (Spring 2019). "The Royal Canadian Navy in Operation Overlord" (PDF). Action Stations. 38: 19.
  4. "The Ships of the Royal Canadian Navy Present Off the Juno Beach on June 6 and 7/1944 (the Normandy D-Day Landings)". www.nauticapedia.ca. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  5. "Biographical data". www.nauticapedia.ca. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  6. 1 2 "1/72 RCN British Power Boat Type 'G' Motor Torpedo Boat". Britmodeller.com. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  7. "Index of Ships and Shore Bases - For Posterity's Sake". www.forposterityssake.ca. Retrieved 2020-01-04.
  8. "Royal Navy Coastal Forces 1940-1945". www.unithistories.com. Retrieved 2020-01-04.

Further reading