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The Venice Biennale is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy by the Biennale Foundation. The biennale has been organised every year since 1895, which makes it the oldest of its kind. The main exhibition held in Castello, in the halls of the Arsenale and Biennale Gardens, alternates between art and architecture. The other events hosted by the Foundation—spanning theatre, music, and dance—are held annually in various parts of Venice, whereas the Venice Film Festival takes place at the Lido.
Venice Biennale of Architecture is an international exhibition of architecture from nations around the world, held in Venice, Italy, every other year. It was held on even years until 2018, but 2020 was postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic shifting the calendar to uneven years. It is the architecture section under the overall Venice Biennale and was officially established in 1980, even though architecture had been a part of the Venice Art Biennale since 1968.
Klaus Biesenbach is a German curator and museum director. He is the Director of the Neue Nationalgalerie, with Berggruen Museum and Scharf-Gerstenberg Collection, as well as the Berlin Museum of Modern Art under construction, Museum des 20. Jahrhunderts.
Paolo De Grandis is an Italian contemporary art curator and president of PDG Arte Communications. He lives currently in Venice.
The 57th Venice Biennale was an international contemporary art exhibition held between May and November 2017. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Artistic director Christine Macel, the chief curator at the Centre Pompidou, curated its central exhibition, "Viva Arte Viva", as a series of interconnected pavilions designed to reflect art's capacity for expanding humanism. The curator also organized a project, "Unpacking My Library", based on a Walter Benjamin essay, to list artists' favorite books. Macel was the first French director since 1995 and the fourth woman to direct the Biennale. A trend of presenting overlooked, rediscovered, or "emerging dead artists" was a theme of the 57th Biennale.
The 58th Venice Biennale was an international contemporary art exhibition held between May and November 2019. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Artistic director Ralph Rugoff curated its central exhibition, May You Live in Interesting Times, and 90 countries contributed national pavilions.
The 48th Venice Biennale, held in 1999, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 60 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Prize winners of the 48th Biennale included: Louise Bourgeois and Bruce Naumann, Italy, and Doug Aitken, Cai Guo-Qiang, and Shirin Neshat.
The 49th Venice Biennale, held in 2001, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 65 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Prizewinners of the 49th Biennale included: Richard Serra and Cy Twombly, Janet Cardiff and George Bures Miller, Marisa Merz, Pierre Huyghe, and Germany.
The 50th Venice Biennale, held in 2003, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 64 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Prizewinners of the 50th Biennale included: Michelangelo Pistoletto and Carol Rama, Peter Fischli and David Weiss, Oliver Payne and Nick Relph, Avish Khebrehzadeh, Luxembourg with Su-Mei Tse.
The 51st Venice Biennale, held in 2005, was an exhibition of international contemporary art. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Prizewinners included Barbara Kruger, the French pavilion with Annette Messager, Thomas Schütte, and Regina José Galindo.
The 46th Venice Biennale, held in 1995, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 51 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Prizewinners of the 46th Biennale included: Ronald Kitaj, Gary Hill, the Egyptian pavilion, and Kathy Prendergast.
The 45th Venice Biennale, held from June 13 to October 13, 1993, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 45 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Prizewinners of the 45th Biennale included: ex aequo Richard Hamilton and Antoni Tàpies, Robert Willson, the German pavilion with Hans Haacke and Nam June Paik, and Matthew Barney.
The 44th Venice Biennale, held in 1990, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 49 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Prizewinners of the 44th Biennale included: Giovanni Anselmo and Bernd and Hilla Becher, the American pavilion with Jenny Holzer, and Anish Kapoor.
The 42nd Venice Biennale, held in 1986, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 40 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Prizewinners of the 42nd Biennale included: Frank Auerbach and Sigmar Polke, the French pavilion with Daniel Buren, Nunzio Di Stefano, and Golden Lion in memory of sculptor Fausto Melotti. These were the first Biennale prizes awarded since 1968.
The 30th Venice Biennale, held in 1960, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 34 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Winners of the Gran Premi included French painter Jean Fautrier, German painter Hans Hartung, Italian painter Emilio Vedova, and Italian sculptor Pietro Consagra.
The 43rd Venice Biennale, held in 1988, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 44 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. Prizewinners of the 43rd Biennale included: Jasper Johns, the Italian pavilion, and Barbara Bloom.
The German pavilion houses Germany's national representation during the Venice Biennale arts festivals.
The 36th Venice Biennale, held in 1972, was an exhibition of international contemporary art, with 33 participating nations. The Venice Biennale takes place biennially in Venice, Italy. No prizes were awarded this year or in any Biennale between 1968 and 1986.
The Swiss pavilion houses Switzerland's national representation during the Venice Biennale arts festivals.
References
- ↑ Di Martino 2005, p. 126.
- 1 2 Di Martino 2005, p. 133.
