| 55 Steps | |
|---|---|
 Film poster | |
| Directed by | Bille August |
| Written by | Mark Bruce Rosin |
| Produced by |
|
| Starring | |
| Cinematography | Filip Zumbrunn |
| Edited by | Hansjörg Weißbrich |
| Music by | Annette Focks |
| Distributed by | Warner Bros. Pictures (Germany) |
Release dates | |
Running time | 115 minutes [1] [2] |
| Countries |
|
| Language | English |
55 Steps is a 2017 German-Belgian drama film directed by Bille August and starring Helena Bonham Carter, Hilary Swank, and Jeffrey Tambor. The film is based on the true story of Eleanor Riese. [3]
The story is about a woman committed to a mental health facility. Prior to 1987, it was assumed that the Lanterman–Petris–Short Act allowed involuntary treatment for those who were detained under an initial three-day hold (for evaluation and treatment) and a subsequent fourteen-day hospitalization (for those patients declared after the three-day hold to be dangerous to themselves or others or gravely disabled). In 1987, in Riese v. St. Mary's Hospital and Medical Center, the California State Court of Appeals declared that these patients had the right to exercise informed consent regarding the use of antipsychotic drugs, except in an emergency, and if they rejected medication "a judicial determination of their incapacity to make treatment decisions" was required before they could be involuntarily treated. [4] [5] This case was a class action suit brought in the name of patient Eleanor Riese by the California ACLU. [4]
The film had its world premiere in the Gala Presentations section at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival. [6] Its theatrical release began in Germany on 3 May 2018. [1] 55 Steps is the international title, the movie is known as 'Eleanor & Colette' in some markets. [7]
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 50% based on 8 reviews, with an average rating of 6.83/10. [2] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 42 out of 100, based on 4 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". [8]
The Lanterman–Petris–Short (LPS) Act regulates involuntary civil commitment to a mental health institution in the state of California. The act set the precedent for modern mental health commitment procedures in the United States. The bipartisan bill was co-authored by California State Assemblyman Frank D. Lanterman (R) and California State Senators Nicholas C. Petris (D) and Alan Short (D), and signed into law in 1967 by Governor Ronald Reagan. The Act went into full effect on July 1, 1972. It cited seven articles of intent:
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