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The 8th Orgburo of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was elected by the 1st Plenary Session of the 8th Central Committee, in the immediate aftermath of the 8th Congress.
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The 8th Orgburo of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was elected by the 1st Plenary Session of the 8th Central Committee, in the immediate aftermath of the 8th Congress.
| Name (birth–death) | Took office | Left office | Duration | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexander Beloborodov (1891–1938) | 25 March 1919 | 11 October 1919 | 200 days | Relieved of his duties. |
| Nikolay Krestinsky (1883–1938) | 25 March 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 1 year, 11 days | — |
| Leonid Serebryakov (1890–1937) | 25 March 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 1 year, 11 days | — |
| Joseph Stalin (1878–1953) | 25 March 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 1 year, 11 days | — |
| Elena Stasova (1873–1966) | 25 March 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 1 year, 11 days | — |
| Felix Dzerzhinsky (1877–1926) | 13 August 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 236 days | — |
| Lev Kamenev (1883–1936) | 13 August 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 236 days | — |
| Christian Rakovsky (1873–1941) | 11 October 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 177 days | — |
| Leon Trotsky (1883–1940) | 8 November 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 149 days | — |
| Mikhail Kalinin (1875–1946) | 29 November 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 128 days | — |
| Name (birth–death) | Took office | Left office | Duration | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matvei Muranov (1873–1959) | 25 March 1919 | 5 April 1920 | 1 year, 11 days | — |
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The Czech Republic, also known by its short-form name Czechia and formerly known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the east. The Czech Republic has a hilly landscape that covers an area of 78,871 square kilometers (30,452 sq mi) with a mostly temperate continental and oceanic climate.
Dublin is the capital and largest city of Ireland. Situated on a bay on the east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey, it lies within the province of Leinster. It is bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of the Wicklow Mountains range. It has an urban area population of 1,173,179, while the population of the Dublin Region as of 2016 was 1,347,359. The population of the Greater Dublin Area was 1,904,806 per the 2016 census.
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Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a country located mainly in Central Asia. It borders Russia in the north and west, China in the east, and Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan in the south. The capital is Nur-Sultan, formerly known as Astana. It was moved from Almaty, the country's largest city, in 1997. Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country, the world's largest Muslim-majority country by land area, and the ninth-largest country in the world. It has a population of 18.8 million, and one of the lowest population densities in the world, at fewer than 6 people per square kilometre.
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Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States. It is the sixth-most-populous city in the United States and the most populous city in the state of Pennsylvania, with a 2020 population of 1,603,797. It is also the second-most populous city in the Northeastern United States, behind New York City. Since 1854, the city has had the same geographic boundaries as Philadelphia County, the most-populous county in Pennsylvania and the urban core of the eighth-largest U.S. metropolitan statistical area, with over 6 million residents as of 2017. Philadelphia is also the economic and cultural center of the greater Delaware Valley along the lower Delaware and Schuylkill rivers within the Northeast megalopolis. The Delaware Valley's 2019 estimated population of 7.21 million makes it the ninth-largest combined statistical area in the United States.
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Aaron Charles Rodgers is an American football quarterback for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). Rodgers began his college football career at Butte College in 2002 before transferring to the University of California, Berkeley to play for the California Golden Bears, where he set several career passing records, including lowest single-season and career interception rates. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time, he was selected in the first round of the 2005 NFL Draft by the Packers.
Google Translate is a multilingual neural machine translation service developed by Google to translate text, documents and websites from one language into another. It offers a website interface, a mobile app for Android and iOS, and an API that helps developers build browser extensions and software applications. As of December 2021, Google Translate supports 109 languages at various levels and as of April 2016, claimed over 500 million total users, with more than 100 billion words translated daily.
Daniel Joseph Ricciardo is an Italian-Australian racing driver who is currently competing in Formula One, under the Australian flag, for McLaren. He made his debut at the 2011 British Grand Prix with the HRT team as part of a deal with Red Bull Racing, for whom he was test driving under its sister team Scuderia Toro Rosso. Ricciardo's driver number is 3. He has achieved 8 Grand Prix victories in Formula One.
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and among the most prestigious in the world.
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2021 in film is an overview of events, including award ceremonies, film festivals, a list of country-specific lists of films released, and notable deaths.