Abdul Rahim Karimi

Last updated

Abdul Rahim Karimi was Minister of Justice of Afghanistan between December 2001 and October 2004 in the Afghan Interim Authority and the Afghan Transitional Administration. He was replaced by Sarwar Danish when Karzai reshuffled his cabinet when he was elected president in 2004.

Contents

Karimi, an ethnic Uzbek who was aligned with the Northern Alliance, was installed as minister by the Bonn Conference, following the defeat of the Taliban government.[ citation needed ]

Warlords

As a minister with a background United Islamic Front he is reported to have said that all Afghan refugees were welcome to return after the Taliban-era, except for communists, indicating that he still saw the world through the lens of the Cold War. [1] He also took a stance against the Islamic warlords however. In November 2002 he said that government laws could not be enforced in parts of the country were warlords were still in power. A judge could not make fair decisions in areas ruled by Mujahideen commanders, and as a consequence, in much of Afghanistan, the rule of the gun continues to prevailed over the rule of law. [2]

Sharia

Islamists wanted that the legal system of Afghanistan would be drawn solely from Sharia law. But Karimi intended for the new legal code to be based no more than 20 percent on Islamic jurisprudence. [2] He claimed that the Islam of his government is different from the Islam of the Taliban, but defended the fact that Sharia law remained in place: "people would not understand if we would get rid of it" [3] completely. Under his leadership, Afghanistan signed up as a member of the International Criminal Court. [4] He was also responsible for the new electoral law, providing for presidential and parliamentary elections. [5]

Related Research Articles

Ahmad Shah Massoud Afghan military leader (1953–2001)

Ahmad Shah Massoud was an Afghan politician and military commander. He was a powerful guerrilla commander during the resistance against the Soviet occupation between 1979 and 1989. In the 1990s, he led the government's military wing against rival militias; after the Taliban takeover, he was the leading opposition commander against their regime until his assassination in 2001.

Ismail Khan Afghan politician and former warlord (born 1946)

Mohammad Ismail Khan is an Afghan former politician who served as Minister of Energy and Water from 2005 to 2013 and before that served as the governor of Herat Province. Originally a captain in the national army, he is widely known as a former warlord as he controlled a large mujahideen force, mainly his fellow Tajiks from western Afghanistan, during the Soviet–Afghan War. He is a key member of the political party Jamiat-e Islami and was a member of the now defunct United National Front party. On 13 August 2021 he has reportedly joined the Taliban.

Taliban Islamist organization in Afghanistan

The Taliban, which refers to itself as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (IEA), is a Deobandi Islamist religious-political movement and military organization in Afghanistan. It is currently one of two entities claiming to be the legitimate government of Afghanistan, alongside the internationally recognized Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. The Taliban's ideology has been described as combining an "innovative" form of Sharia Islamic law based on Deobandi fundamentalism and militant Islamism, combined with Pashtun social and cultural norms known as Pashtunwali, as most Taliban are Pashtun tribesmen.

Theocracy Form of government with religious leaders

Theocracy is a form of government in which a deity of some type is recognized as the supreme ruling authority, giving divine guidance to human intermediaries that manage the day-to-day affairs of the government.

Treatment of women by the Taliban Gender policies, punishments of the Taliban

Treatment of women by the Taliban has been highly controversial. While in power in Afghanistan, the Taliban is considered notorious internationally for their misogyny and violence against women. Their stated motive was to create a "secure environment where the chasteness and dignity of women may once again be sacrosanct", reportedly based on Pashtunwali beliefs about living in purdah. Since the Taliban seized most of Afghanistan in 2021, there are many concerns.

The governance of Afghanistan is currently in a state of flux following the effective collapse of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan during the fall of Kabul to Taliban forces on 15 August 2021 and the subsequent re-establishment of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which now exercises de facto control over most of the country.

Mullah Mohammad Rabbani Akhund was one of the main leaders of the Taliban movement. He was second in power only to the supreme leader, Mullah Mohammed Omar, in the Taliban hierarchy.

History of Afghanistan (1992–present) Fall of Najibullah to present

This article on the History of Afghanistan since 1992 covers the time period from the fall of the Najibullah government in 1992 to the ongoing international military presence in Afghanistan.

Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Taliban state in Afghanistan

The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is an unrecognized Islamic emirate that was first established in September 1996 by the Taliban, a Deobandi Islamist organization that began its governance of Afghanistan after the 1996 fall of Kabul. The group stayed in power until 2001, when it was toppled by a United States-led military coalition that invaded the country after the September 11 attacks, sparking the 20-year War in Afghanistan. The Taliban returned to power after the August 2021 fall of Kabul and has since had de facto control over most of the country.

Mohammed Fahim Afghan politician (1957-2014)

Mohammad Qasim Fahim was a politician in Afghanistan who served as Vice President from June 2002 until December 2004 and from November 2009 until his death. Between September 2001 and December 2004, he also served as Defense Minister under the Afghan Transitional Administration.

Ashraf Ghani President of Afghanistan (2014–2021)

Mohammad Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai is an Afghan politician, academic, and economist who served as President of Afghanistan between September 2014 and August 2021.

Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan 2002–2004 administration in Afghanistan

The Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA), also known as the Afghan Transitional Authority, was the name of a temporary administration of Afghanistan put in place by the loya jirga of June 2002. It succeeded the original Islamic State of Afghanistan and preceded the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004–2021).

Northern Alliance 1996–2001 military front in Afghanistan

The Northern Alliance, officially known as the United Islamic National Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan, was a military alliance of rebel groups that operated between late 1996 to 2001 after the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) took over Kabul. The United Front was originally assembled by key leaders of the Islamic State of Afghanistan, particularly president Burhanuddin Rabbani and former Defense Minister Ahmad Shah Massoud. Initially it included mostly Tajiks but by 2000, leaders of other ethnic groups had joined the Northern Alliance. This included Karim Khalili, Abdul Rashid Dostum, Abdullah Abdullah, Mohammad Mohaqiq, Abdul Qadir, Asif Mohseni, Amrullah Saleh and others.

Islamic state Government based on Islamic law

An Islamic state is a form of government which is based on Islamic law. As a term, it has been used to describe various historical polities and theories of governance in the Islamic world. As a translation of the Arabic term dawlah islāmiyyah it refers to a modern notion associated with political Islam (Islamism).

LGBT rights in Afghanistan Rights of LGBT people in Afghanistan

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) people in Afghanistan face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Members of the LGBT community are forced to keep their gender identity and sexual orientation a secret in fear of harassment, intimidation, persecution, and death. The religious nature of the nation and a lack of public education on the subject has limited any opportunity for public discussion, with any mention of homosexuality and related terms deemed taboo.

Human rights in Afghanistan is a topic of some controversy and conflict. While the Taliban were well known for numerous human rights abuses, several human rights violations continue to take place across the country. Afghanistan has an interesting strong human rights framework within its constitution. It is a member of the United Nations Convention against Torture since April 1987.

Stoning Method of capital punishment

Stoning, or lapidation, is a method of capital punishment where a group throws stones at a person until the subject dies from blunt trauma. It has been attested as a form of punishment for grave misdeeds since ancient times. Its adoption in some legal systems has caused controversy in recent decades.

The legal system of Afghanistan consists of Islamic, statutory and customary rules. It has developed over centuries and is currently changing in the context of the rebuilding of the Afghan state. The supreme law of the land is the Taliban Sharia. In addition, there is complex legislation which stems from different historical periods. For instance, the so-called four volumes of civil law were developed on the basis of Egyptian models and promulgated in the time of the monarchy. Other legislation came into force under of President Daoud Khan, the Democratic Republic (1978-1992), the Mujahideen (1992-1996), the Taliban regime (1996-2001) and the current Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Article 130 of the Afghan Constitution establishes that judges must apply the constitution and legislation and may only resort to Hanafi fiqh if a necessary legal rule cannot be found in the written laws.

Jawed Ludin is the Deputy Foreign Minister on Political Affairs. He was appointed on 2011, by President Hamid Karzai. He was Ambassador of Afghanistan in Canada from 2009 to 2012, and had been Spokesperson and later Chief of Staff to President Karzai.

Presidency of Hamid Karzai

The Karzai administration was the government of Afghanistan under President Hamid Karzai, who became the head of state of Afghanistan in December 2001 after the Taliban government was overthrown. Karzai was appointed at the 2002 Loya Jirga as the Interim President of the Afghan Transitional Administration. After the 2004 Afghan presidential election, he became the President of Afghanistan.

References

  1. Steele, Jonathan. Ghosts of Afghanistan: Hard Truths and Foreign Myths.
  2. 1 2 UNHCR (November 2002). "Chronology of Events in Afghanistan, November 2002" (PDF).Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. Rall, Ted. Gas War: The Truth Behind the American Occupation of Afghanistan. p. 60.
  4. Nekzad, Farida. "Justice Undone: Many Afghans". www.globalpolicy.org. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
  5. Esfandiari, Golnaz. "AFGHANISTAN'S NEW ELECTION LAW PAVES WAY FOR SEPTEMBER POLLS". RFE/RL. Retrieved 2017-05-14.