October 15,1915 –1916
Agustín Millán Vivero (July 24,1879 in Texcaltitlán –March 18,1920) was a Mexican general and politician.
Millán moved to Orizaba,when he was 20 years old,where he worked as a carpenter. In 1909,during the beginning revolution in Mexico,he joined the Partido Antirreeleccionista (Anti-Reelection party),and supported Francisco I. Madero. In 1913 he fought in the rank of a second lieutenant [1] under General Cándido Aguilar (División de Oriente) against Victoriano Huerta,who substituted him temporarily as military commander and as governor of Veracruz in 1915. [2] On June 30,1917,in the rank of a Brigadier General,he followed Carlos Tejada as Governor of the State of Mexico,supported by the Club Democrático Progresista. During this period,he was two times absent because of military reasons. The first time,Joaquín García Luna acted in place of him from September 6,1918,to March 4,1919. When the rebellion in Agua Prieta exploded,he accompanied President Venustiano Carranza. At this time,Francisco Javier Gaxiola acted in place of him from September 11,1919,to March 8,1920. Millán became injured in the battle actions. [3] Due to his bad physical constitution,Darío López became interim governor on March 13,a few days before Millán died in consequence of his injuries. [4]
The Mexican Revolution was a major revolution that was not a unified struggle,but an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history." It destroyed the Federal Army and replaced it with a revolutionary army,transformed Mexican culture,and the government. It also resulted in a new constitution that incorporated goals for which the revolutionaries fought. The northern Constitutionalist faction prevailed on the field of battle and aimed to create a strong central government,with revolutionary generals holding power from 1920-1940. The revolutionary conflict was primarily a civil war,but foreign powers,having important economic and strategic interests in Mexico,figured in the outcome of Mexico's power struggles. The United States played an especially significant role.
Agustín de Iturbide,full name Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu and also known as Augustine of Mexico,was a Mexican army general and politician. During the Mexican War of Independence,he built a successful political and military coalition that took control in Mexico City on 27 September 1821,decisively gaining independence for Mexico. After securing the secession of Mexico from Spain,Iturbide was proclaimed president of the Regency in 1821;a year later,he was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico,reigning briefly from 19 May 1822 to 19 March 1823. In May 1823 he went into exile in Europe. When he returned to Mexico in July 1824,he was arrested and executed. He designed the Mexican flag.
Juan JoséRuiz de Apodaca y Eliza,1st Count of Venadito,OIC,OSH,KOC was a Spanish naval officer and viceroy of New Spain from 20 September 1816 to 5 July 1821,during Mexico's War of Independence.
Pedro Celestino Joseph Negrete y Falla was a Spanish politician and military man who served as a member of the interim government of México after the abolition of the First Mexican Empire. He fought alongside of Agustín de Iturbide in the royalist army during the Mexican War of Independence. He was a close collaborator of Iturbide during the empire and then pressured him to abdicate to the Mexican crown.
JoséValentín Raimundo Canalizo Bocadillo,known as Valentín Canalizo,was a Mexican President,state governor,city mayor,army general,defense minister and conservative politician. As of now,he is the only Mexican President to be from the city of Monterrey. He was a supporter of a centralist national government,and a confidante of General Antonio López de Santa Anna,who then was the President of Mexico. Canalizo was President of Mexico two times,for a total of about one year in 1843 and 1844,during the complex Mexican historical times after the one decade-long Mexican War of Independence and before the Mexican–American War. Valentín Canalizo had previously been the Mayor of Mexico City,after being Governor of the state of Puebla,and years before,Mayor of the city of Cuernavaca.
The Liberation Army of the South was a guerrilla force led for most of its existence by Emiliano Zapata that took part in the Mexican Revolution from 1911 to 1920. During that time,the Zapatistas fought against the national governments of Porfirio Díaz,Francisco Madero,Victoriano Huerta,and Venustiano Carranza. Their goal was rural land reform,specifically reclaiming communal lands stolen by hacendados in the period before the revolution. Although rarely active outside their base in Morelos,they allied with Pancho Villa to support the Conventionists against the Carrancistas. After Villa's defeat,the Zapatistas remained in open rebellion. It was only after Zapata's 1919 assassination and the overthrow of the Carranza government that Zapata's successor,Gildardo Magaña,negotiated peace with President Álvaro Obregón.
The Governor of the State of Mexico wields executive power in the State of Mexico.
The military history of Mexico encompasses armed conflicts within that nation's territory,dating from before the arrival of Europeans in 1519 to the present era. Mexican military history is replete with small-scale revolts,foreign invasions,civil wars,indigenous uprisings,and coups d'état by disgruntled military leaders. Mexico's colonial-era military was not established until the eighteenth century. After the Spanish conquest of central Mexico in the early sixteenth century,the Spanish crown did not establish on a standing military,but the crown responded to the external threat of a British invasion by creating a standing military for the first time following the Seven Years' War (1756–63). The regular army units and militias had a short history when in the early 19th century,the unstable situation in Spain with the Napoleonic invasion gave rise to an insurgency for independence,propelled by militarily untrained,darker complected men fighting for the independence of Mexico. The Mexican War of Independence (1810–21) saw royalist and insurgent armies battling to a stalemate in 1820. That stalemate ended with the royalist military officer turned insurgent,Agustín de Iturbide persuading the guerrilla leader of the insurgency,Vicente Guerrero,to join in a unified movement for independence,forming the Army of the Three Guarantees. The royalist military had to decide whether to support newly independent Mexico. With the collapse of the Spanish state and the establishment of first a monarchy under Iturbide and then a republic,the state was a weak institution. The Roman Catholic Church and the military weathered independence better. Military men dominated Mexico's nineteenth-century history,most particularly General Antonio López de Santa Anna,under whom the Mexican military were defeated by Texas insurgents for independence in 1836 and then the U.S. invasion of Mexico (1846–48). With the overthrow of Santa Anna in 1855 and the installation of a government of political liberals,Mexico briefly had civilian heads of state. The Liberal Reforms that were instituted by Benito Juárez sought to curtail the power of the military and the church and wrote a new constitution in 1857 enshrining these principles. Conservatives comprised large landowners,the Catholic Church,and most of the regular army revolted against the Liberals,fighting a civil war. The Conservative military lost on the battlefield. But Conservatives sought another solution,supporting the French intervention in Mexico (1862–65). The Mexican army loyal to the liberal republic were unable to stop the French army's invasion,briefly halting it in with a victory at Puebla on 5 May 1862. Mexican Conservatives supported the installation of Maximilian Hapsburg as Emperor of Mexico,propped up by the French and Mexican armies. With the military aid of the U.S. flowing to the republican government in exile of Juárez,the French withdrew its military supporting the monarchy and Maximilian was caught and executed. The Mexican army that emerged in the wake of the French Intervention was young and battle tested,not part of the military tradition dating to the colonial and early independence eras.
Miguel Francisco Barragán Andrade was a Mexican general and centralist politician who served as president of Mexico between 1835 and his death in 1836;he remains the youngest president to have died in office of natural causes.
Juan de O'Donojúy O'Ryan was a Spanish military officer and "Jefe Político Superior" ("viceroy") of New Spain from 21 July 1821 to 28 September 1821 during the Mexican War of Independence. He was the last Spanish viceroy of New Spain.
Agustín de Ahumada y Villalón,2nd Marquess of Amarillas was a Spanish military officer and Viceroy of New Spain from 1755 to 1760.
Anastasio Bustamante y Oseguera was a Mexican military general and politician who served as president of Mexico three times. He participated in the Mexican War of Independence initially as a royalist before siding with Agustín de Iturbide and supporting the Plan of Iguala.
Francisco Cajigal de la Vega was a Spanish military officer,governor of Cuba from 1747 to 1760,and interim viceroy of New Spain,from April 28,1760 to October 5,1760,succeeded by Viceroy Joaquín de Montserrat,marqués de Cruillas.
Events in the year 1919 in Mexico.
The Heroic Military College is the major military educational institution in Mexico. It was founded in 1823 and located in the former Palace of the Inquisition in Mexico City. Initially designated as the Cadet Academy,it was renamed in 1823 as the Colegio Militar. The college was relocated in Perote,Veracruz,before being returned to Mexico City,where it was established in the Betlemitas monastery. From 1835,the Military College was located in the Recogidas Building. Cadets training for the Mexican Navy originally formed part of the student body,but in 1897,the Military Naval School was established as a separate institution in Veracruz.
Francisco Javier Gaxiola Castillo-Negrete was a Mexican lawyer,politician and diplomat.
Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón,usually known as Santa Anna or López de Santa Anna, was a Mexican politician and general. His influence on post-independence Mexican politics and government in the first half of the nineteenth century is such that historians of Mexico often refer to it as the "Age of Santa Anna".
Events in the year 1917 in Mexico.
Events from the year 1918 in Mexico.
Japan–Mexico relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Japan and Mexico. Both nations are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation,CPTPP,G-20 major economies,Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations.
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