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The Aircraft Fleet Recycling Association (AFRA) is an international non-profit association that brings together manufacturers, recycling companies, and aviation tech companies across the aircraft industry. Its aim is to promote environmental best practices, regulatory excellence, and sustainable development in aircraft disassembly, and the salvaging and recycling of aircraft parts and materials.
Aircraft recycling is being addressed by multiple companies through individual environmental programmes. AFRA aims to provide an international perspective, advising aviation industry stakeholders on the legal, regulatory, and technical issues of aircraft recycling and promoting greater cooperation among governments and industries.
Of the 400 to 450 aircraft scrapped and disassembled globally each year, around one third are parted out and disassembled by AFRA members, producing each year more than 30,000 tons of aluminium and 1,800 tons of other specialty alloy metals (including titanium, nickel, magnesium, and more) for recycling. In 2009, AFRA members dismantled more than 9,000 aircraft, including 7,000 commercial and 2,000 military. AFRA believe more value can be extracted from end-of-life activity. [1]
AFRA was founded in 2005, when 11 companies from Africa, Europe, and North America agreed to develop an industry code of conduct and best practices in the areas of aircraft dismantling and materials recycling. The group's aim was to motivate industry around the safe and environmentally responsible way of managing end-of-life aircraft.
The original 11 members were Air Salvage International, Adherent Technologies, Bartin Group, The Boeing Company, Chateauroux Air Centre, Europe Aviation, Huron Valley Fritz, Milled Carbon, Rolls-Royce, and WINGNet.
AFRA members include original equipment manufacturers, aircraft disassemblers, parts distributors, aircraft insurers and appraisers, materials recyclers, and technology developers. AFRA is also associated with technology companies and the academic community regarding research and development of recycling technologies. AFRA has grown from its founding 11 members to now encompass 40 members from 10 countries.
The organization's mission is the sustainable management of end-of-life airframes and engines. AFRA promotes and publishes the collective experience of its members to improve best practice in the management of end-of-life aircraft. AFRA also encourages greater collaboration between organizations and companies that have a track record in the environmentally responsible management of end-of-life aircraft.
AFRA develops partnerships and industry collaborations to create and enhance innovative technologies meant to improve environmentally sustainable practices in managing end-of-life aircraft. The organization is also developing technology that they believe can increase the economic value of aircraft assets. The safe handling and disposal of materials that cannot be recycled is a key priority of AFRA, as is returning reclaimed metals and composite materials back into commercial and aircraft manufacturing. AFRA members ultimately target a 95% recyclability rate. [2]
AFRA accreditation is meant to inform the aviation industry, customers and potential customers that best management practice and environmental responsibility is at the heart of a company’s processes and practices.
Since its foundation, 12 AFRA members have achieved AFRA accreditation: Aircraft End-of-Life Solutions (AELS), Air Salvage International, Bonus Tech, Europe Aviation, Evergreen Trade, Orange Aero, P3 Aviation, Southern California Aviation and Volvo Aero Services. A number of other organizations are currently in the process of being accredited. AFRA members increasingly report on the economic added value of AFRA accreditation, with asset owners actively seeking out AFRA accredited members for contracts.
The AFRA Best Management Practice (BMP) Guides offer detailed direction on best environmental practices and technological solutions for the disassembling of aircraft airframes and engines.
The AFRA BMP guide is an up-to-date collection of recommendations concerning best practices for the management of parts removed from aircraft during disassembly. The BMP Guide, now in its version 2.0, enhances safety developments throughout the supply chain by encouraging aircraft disassemblers or asset owners to proactively discover whether an aircraft or aircraft part has been involved in an airworthiness event involving unusual heat, stress or abnormal environmental conditions.
Version 1.0 of the BMP Guide was published in 2008 and has become a reference document for those involved in airframe dismantling and recycling. Version 2.0 of the BMP Guide, published in 2009, has an additional focus on engine dismantling. It offers up-to-date recommendations on best practices for the management of engine parts removed from aircraft during disassembly.
AFRA’s Best Management Practice Guide Version 2.0 also gives a new and clearer definition of an ‘airworthiness event’, setting out the circumstances under which the industry feels it is appropriate to convey information about the history of parts.
Pratt & Whitney is an American aerospace manufacturer with global service operations. It is a subsidiary of Raytheon Technologies. Pratt & Whitney's aircraft engines are widely used in both civil aviation and military aviation. Its headquarters are in East Hartford, Connecticut. As one of the "big three" aero-engine manufacturers, it competes with General Electric and Rolls-Royce, although it has also formed joint ventures with both of these companies. In addition to aircraft engines, Pratt & Whitney manufactures gas turbines for industrial and power generation, and marine turbines. In 2017, the company reported that in 2014 they had 38,737 employees supporting more than 11,000 customers in 180 countries around the world. In 2013, Pratt & Whitney's revenue totaled $14.5 billion.
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The United Aircraft and Transport Corporation was formed in 1929, when William Boeing of Boeing Airplane & Transport Corporation teamed up with Frederick Rentschler of Pratt & Whitney to form a large, vertically-integrated, amalgamated firm, uniting business interests in all aspects of aviation—a combination of airframe and aircraft engine manufacturing and airline business, to serve all aviation markets, both civil aviation and military aviation.
In the context of physical construction, deconstruction is the selective dismantlement of building components, specifically for reuse, repurposing, recycling, and waste management. It differs from demolition where a site is cleared of its building by the most expedient means. Deconstruction has also been defined as "construction in reverse". Deconstruction requires a substantially higher degree of hands-on labor than does traditional demolition, but as such provides a viable platform for unskilled or unemployed workers to receive job skills training. The process of dismantling structures is an ancient activity that has been revived by the growing fields of sustainable and green building.
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Nadcap is a global cooperative accreditation program for aerospace engineering, defense and related industries.
Active Disassembly (AD) is a developing technology which is associated with the term active disassembly using smart materials (ADSM)
The Boeing Skyfox is an American twin-engined jet trainer aircraft, a highly upgraded development of the Lockheed T-33. It was designed as a primary trainer to compete with and replace the Cessna T-37 Tweet. Besides its primary role as a trainer, the aircraft was envisioned to have other roles as well, including ground attack. The program was started by the Skyfox Corporation in 1983, and was acquired by Boeing in 1986.
PATTS College of Aeronautics, also known as Philippine Air Transport and Training Services, is an aeronautical school at Lombos Ave., Brgy. San Isidro, Parañaque, Metro Manila, Philippines. It was founded by Atty. Ambrosio R. Valdez Sr.
Aircraft End-of-Life Solutions (AELS) B.V. is a company that disassembles and dismantles aircraft that are out of service or retired. The company is situated in Enschede, Netherlands and has the ability to scrap worldwide.
Spartan College of Aeronautics and Technology (Spartan) is a private for-profit aviation college in Tulsa, Oklahoma. It was originally established to provide pilot and technicians for Spartan Aircraft Company but outlived its parent company and continues to train pilots and mechanics into the 21st Century. The main campus is adjacent to Tulsa International Airport, with another campus used for flight training at Richard Lloyd Jones Jr. Airport.
The aircraft design process is a loosely defined method used to balance many competing and demanding requirements to produce an aircraft that is strong, lightweight, economical and can carry an adequate payload while being sufficiently reliable to safely fly for the design life of the aircraft. Similar to, but more exacting than, the usual engineering design process, the technique is highly iterative, involving high level configuration tradeoffs, a mixture of analysis and testing and the detailed examination of the adequacy of every part of the structure. For some types of aircraft, the design process is regulated by civil airworthiness authorities.
Airports Council International (ACI) is an organization of airport authorities aimed at unifying industry practices for airport standards. Established in 1991, its headquarters are based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and its members operate nearly 2000 airports.
FL Technics is a global provider of aircraft maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) services, headquartered in Vilnius, Lithuania. The company has Base Maintenance facilities in Lithuania, Indonesia and China and provides Line Maintenance support across Europe, Africa, Asia-Pacific, and the CIS states.
AerSale, Inc. is a Coral Gables, Florida-based global supplier of aftermarket commercial jet aircraft, engines, Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) used serviceable material, maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO), and aeronautical engineering services to passenger and cargo airlines, government entities, leasing companies, multinational OEMs, and independent MROs.
Appliance recycling is the process of dismantling scrapped home appliances to recover their parts or materials for reuse. Recycling appliances for their original or other purposes, involves disassembly, removal of hazardous components and destruction of the equipment to recover materials, generally by shredding, sorting and grading. The rate at which appliances are discarded has increased due in part to obsolescence due to technological advancement, and in part to not being designed to be repairable. The main types of appliances that are recycled are televisions, refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, and computers. When appliances are recycled, they can be looked upon as a valuable resources; if disposed of improperly, they can be environmentally harmful and poison ecosystems.
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Scroggins Aviation is an American aircraft salvage and aviation movie special effects company based in Las Vegas, Nevada. It has provided special effects for several network television shows and feature films.