Albert John Pitman is regarded by change ringing campanologists as a remarkable and versatile composer of peals in bell ringing methods. Described as 'perhaps the greatest of all time' in the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers biography of him, An Unassuming Genius, he was an extraordinary talent in the field of peal composition. [1]
Born in Bridgend, Glamorgan in 1887, two years later he moved with his family some twenty miles west, to Baglan, Neath Port Talbot. He had very little education, leaving school at the age of twelve, but with his teacher telling him ‘there’s nothing more I can teach you.’ [2] This was perhaps an early sign of an unusual talent. In 1903 at the age of sixteen he joined the Great Western Railway Company and worked for them until his compulsory retirement at sixty-five.
He learned to ring bells the year he left school, probably from his father, who was a member of the bell-ringing band at St Catharine's Church, Baglan. Only eleven years later, in 1910, he rang and conducted his own peal, of 5040 Grandsire Triples at St Mary’s Church, Aberavon, 'a highly unusual step for a ‘first-timer.’ [3]
Later, his daughter Dolly, who, with her siblings, inherited his mathematical genius, was paid a silver threepenny piece to check his compositions for ‘falseness' (repetition of any of the rows of figures in the peal). None was found to be so then, nor since.
Many of his compositions appeared to have been inspired by challenges thrown down by editorials, letters and articles in The Ringing World . The first peal containing more than one Triples method was composed and conducted by him in 1925. Four years later he composed and conducted the first peal of Forward Major, and one of his peals was rung during the celebrations of the Silver Wedding anniversary of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth.
He continued to compose throughout the 1940s; a decade capped by him being accorded the unusual privilege of writing the leading article in The Ringing World. [4] However, it was during the 1950s that he produced what many regard as his masterpieces; a ground-breaking peal of 5280 Spliced Surprise Major, followed by a composition of 5472 or 5408 changes – in The Ringing World it was described as a ‘week of ringing history’. [5]
His major achievement in 1961 was the publication of two compositions, numbers 1 and 2 of 13440 Spliced Surprise Major in six methods, yet another challenge for serious bell-ringers. Less well known, but nonetheless important, are his compositions of ‘Sunday Service’ touches; shorter pieces rung prior to church services, which he continued to produce right up to the year of his death. Throughout his life Pitman was convinced that a major feature of composition was to produce the best music, and his compositions have often been regarded as amongst the most musical. Indeed, the issue of the musical nature of bell ringing was raised by a leader in The Times on 1 February 1927 [6]
Pitman died on 16 August 1966 and was buried at St Catharine’s Church, Baglan, in the grave of his late wife, Evelyn, who had died in 1953, and close to the grave of his parents. Bell-ringers mark the death of a colleague by ringing a peal or quarter peal, often rung ‘muffled’ [7] the first being rung on the day of his funeral at St Catharine’s. On the day, and in the following weeks, memorial peals were rung in Cheshire, Yorkshire, Surrey, Monmouthshire and Westminster. [8]
A current copy of The Ringing World is unlikely not to contain a reference to him. S4C, the Welsh-language television channel (the equivalent of Channel 4), broadcast a piece on him in their Christmas Eve 1984 documentary on bell-ringing in Wales, Cân y Clychau.
The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers [9] estimate the number of his published compositions to be ‘over a hundred’ [10] with many more unpublished, some of which he sent directly to conductors he felt could ‘do justice’ to the piece. His name lives on in Wales through a competition for the Pitman Trophy. His compositions are regularly rung throughout the now-global bell-ringing world. A search on Bellboard shows compositions of his rung over 600 times in the UK alone since 2000. [11]
To mark the 50th anniversary of his death, members of the Llandaff and Monmouth DACBR [12] [13] rang his composition of Grandsire Doubles, [14] as was rung on the same bells at St Catharine's Church, Baglan, immediately after his funeral. Prior to the peal, prayers were said at the graveside, followed by a ringing of hand-bells. This was all in the company of many of his grandchildren, great grandchildren and great-great grandchildren.
On Thursday 20th September 2023 a brief but significant ceremony took place at St Mary’s Church in Aberavon, South Wales. The event was arranged to dedicate and install two peal boards, recording peals rung over 25 years ago. The proceedings began with a welcome from Andrew John, a former Master of the Llandaff and Monmouth DACBR and organiser of the peals in question, who welcomed to the church no less than five members of the Pitman family; four grandchildren, one spouse and one great granddaughter, two of whom had travelled some distance to be present. Andrew also welcomed some of the people who rang in the said peals, and other local ringers. He explained that in 1995 he was inspired to suggest that the then resident members of the Association should ring A J Pitman’s “all the work” compositions of Spliced Surprise Major in four to nine methods. These compositions were the epitome of his lifetime’s work as a composer, and this would ensure that they had been rung in the composer’s home tower.
Following Andrew’s welcome and introduction the boards were dedicated by the Fr Miles Pateman, Priest-in-Charge, himself a ringer, who led the group in appropriate prayers. A short musical touch of Stedman Triples was rung, and after photographs were taken the party adjourned for refreshments in the church.
Change ringing is the art of ringing a set of tuned bells in a tightly controlled manner to produce precise variations in their successive striking sequences, known as "changes". This can be by method ringing in which the ringers commit to memory the rules for generating each change, or by call changes, where the ringers are instructed how to generate each change by instructions from a conductor. This creates a form of bell music which cannot be discerned as a conventional melody, but is a series of mathematical sequences.
Method ringing is a form of change ringing in which the ringers commit to memory the rules for generating each change of sequence, and pairs of bells are affected. This creates a form of bell music which is continually changing, but which cannot be discerned as a conventional melody. It is a way of sounding continually changing mathematical permutations.
The Oxford University Society of Change Ringers, founded in 1872, is the official society dedicated to change ringing in Oxford University. Its objects are to promote the art of change ringing in the university and to ring for Sunday services in Oxford during full term.
The Manchester Universities Guild of Change Ringers is a bell ringing guild based in Greater Manchester, whose home tower is the Sacred Trinity in Salford. Most of the members are, or have been in the past, students attending the universities and colleges in Manchester and Salford. The guild is a member of the Northern Universities Association.
The Nottingham University Society of Change Ringers (NUSCR) is one of the oldest societies affiliated to the University of Nottingham Students' Union, being founded in 1958. Its principal aim is to allow students from both the University of Nottingham and Nottingham Trent University to practise English Change Ringing. It also represents the University at the annual Northern Universities Association (NUA) Striking Competition each November.
The Ancient Society of College Youths (ASCY) is a change ringing society, founded in 1637 and based in the City of London. The society played a leading role in the early development of change ringing, and today, it provides ringers for important events at St Paul's Cathedral and Westminster Abbey. Although it is a non-territorial association, its importance is recognised through having four representatives on the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers.
In campanology, a peal is the special name given to a specific type of performance of change ringing which meets certain exacting conditions for duration, complexity and quality.
Saint George's Memorial Church, Ypres (Ieper), Belgium, was built to commemorate over 500,000 British and Commonwealth troops, who had died in the three battles fought for the Ypres Salient, during World War I. It was completed in 1929.
Grandsire is one of the standard change ringing methods, which are methods of ringing church bells or handbells using a series of mathematical permutations rather than using a melody. The grandsire method is usually rung on an odd number of bells: Grandsire doubles is rung on five working bells, grandsire triples on seven, grandsire caters on nine and grandsire cinques on eleven. Like all odd-bell methods, where there are sufficient bells, it is normally rung with a "cover" bell, which stays in the last position in each row to add musicality.
Call change ringing is a branch of the art of change ringing, in which a group of English-style full-circle bell ringers are instructed continually to create different sequences, or changes, of the bells' striking order. Each command from the leader or "conductor" of the ringing results in a new sequence of sounding the bells. Each sequence is repeated until the next command or "call".
Fabian Stedman (1640–1713) was an English author and a leading figure in the early history of campanology, particularly in the field of method ringing. He had a key role in publishing two books Tintinnalogia and Campanalogia which are the first two publications on the subject. He is also regarded as being a pioneer in the branch of mathematics known as Group theory.
The University of Bristol Society of Change Ringers (UBSCR) is a change ringing society. UBSCR is associated with the University of Bristol and is affiliated to Bristol SU. UBSCR was established in 1943 and has rung bells at St Michael on the Mount Without since 1944. Since 1950 there have been over 700 peals rung for the society. UBSCR is also affiliated to the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers and sends two representatives to its AGM.
The church of St Andrew's, Hornchurch, is a Church of England religious building in Hornchurch in England. It is a Grade I listed building.
John Holt was a leading change ringer and noted composer of peals on English full circle bells in the 18th century, and is described as a composer "..holding a position which is unique in the history of change ringing".
Ufford is a village and civil parish in Suffolk, England. Its population of 808 at the 2001 census rose to 948 at the 2011 Census and was estimated at 1,008 in 2019. The village lies 2 miles south-south-west of Wickham Market and 13 miles north-east of Ipswich. The main road through the village was renumbered B1438 after its replacement as a trunk road by the new A12.
Cretingham is a village and a civil parish in the East Suffolk district, in the English county of Suffolk. It is on the River Deben, 2 miles south off the A1120 road. It is four miles west from Framlingham and eight miles northwest from Woodbridge.
The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers (CCCBR) is an organisation founded in 1891 which represents ringers of church bells in the English style.
Margery Fletcher Sampson was Scotland’s first female bell-ringer. She was also a teacher.
The Suffolk Guild of Ringers for the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich is a society and charity supporting the bell ringers and rings of bells in the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich who practice the art of change ringing. The Guild was established on 2 April 1923 at Ipswich and covers over 200 rings of bells in the county of Suffolk in the area that falls within the diocese boundary.
Campanology is the scientific and musical study of bells. It encompasses the technology of bells – how they are cast, tuned, and rung – as well as the history, methods, and traditions of bellringing as an art. Articles related to campanology include: