Félix Rubén García Sarmiento, known as Rubén Darío, was a Nicaraguan poet who initiated the Spanish-language literary movement known as modernismo (modernism) that flourished at the end of the 19th century. Darío had a great and lasting influence on 20th-century Spanish-language literature and journalism.
Modernismo is a literary movement that took place primarily during the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth century in the Spanish-speaking world, best exemplified by Rubén Darío, who is known as the father of Modernismo. The term Modernismo specifically refers to the literary movement that took place primarily in poetry. This literary movement began in 1888 after the publication of Rubén Darío's Azul.... It gave Modernismo a new meaning. The movement died out around 1920, four years after the death of Rubén Darío. In Aspects of Spanish-American Literature, the author writes (1963),
Modernismo influences the meaning behind words and the impact of poetry on culture. Modernismo, in its simplest form, is finding the beauty and advances within the language and rhythm of literary works.
Culture of Nicaragua is a fusion of Mesoamerican, Chibcha, and Spanish influence. The western part was colonized by the Spanish and its culture is similar to western El Salvador in that western Nicaragua was dominated by the Nahua people, specifically the Nicarao, a branch of the Pipil people. Nahua heritage can still be seen in Nicaraguan culture especially in its cuisines, the etymologies of many of its place names, and even DNA analysis. While western Nicaragua is mostly Indigenous of Nahua or Oto-manguean origin, eastern Nicaragua is mostly of Chibcha, Miskito, and African origin.
Gabriel Alomar i Villalonga was a poet, essayist, educator and diplomat of the early twentieth century in Spain, closely related to the Catalan art movement Modernisme. He was an active leftist libertarian, chiefly in Barcelona and the other Catalan-speaking regions, from the first years of the 20th century until his death from pneumonia in exile.
José Julián Herculano del Casal y de la Lastra was a poet from Havana, Cuba. He started his writing career at a young age and later in life was known as an important forebear of modernistic expression in Latin America.
José Enrique Camilo Rodó Piñeyro was a Uruguayan essayist. He cultivated an epistolary relationship with important Hispanic thinkers of that time, Leopoldo Alas (Clarín) in Spain, José de la Riva-Agüero in Peru, and, most importantly, with Rubén Darío, the most influential Latin American poet to date, the founder of modernismo. As a result of his refined prose style and the modernista ideology he pushed, Rodó is today considered the preeminent theorist of the modernista school of literature.
Latin American poetry is the poetry written by Latin American authors. Latin American poetry is often written in Spanish, but is also composed in Portuguese, Mapuche, Nahuatl, Quechua, Mazatec, Zapotec, Ladino, English, and Spanglish. The unification of Indigenous and imperial cultures produced a unique and extraordinary body of literature in this region. Later with the introduction of African slaves to the new world, African traditions greatly influenced Latin American poetry. Many great works of poetry were written in the colonial and pre-colonial time periods, but it was in the 1960s that the world began to notice the poetry of Latin America. Through the modernismo movement, and the international success of Latin American authors, poetry from this region became increasingly influential.
José Coronel Urtecho was a Nicaraguan poet, translator, essayist, critic, narrator, playwright, diplomat and historian. He has been described as "the most influential Nicaraguan thinker of the twentieth century". After an attraction to fascism in the 1930s, he became a strong supporter of the Sandinista National Liberation Front in 1977.
Erwin Kempton Mapes was an American scholar of Spanish-American literature and Hispanist, renowned for his work on the Hispanic Modernists.
Spanish Modernist literature is the literature of Spain written during Modernism as the arts evolved and opposed the previous Realism.
Alfonso Cortés was a Nicaraguan poet. He is often referred to as the second-most-important Nicaraguan poet, with Rubén Darío, who initiated the Spanish-American literary movement known as modernismo (modernism), being the first. Before his death, he often said he was "less important than Darío, but more profound".
Nicaraguan literature can be traced to pre-Columbian times with the myths and oral literature that formed the cosmogonic view of the world that indigenous people had. They told him that of these stories are still known in Nicaragua. Like many Latin American countries, the Spanish conquerors have had the most effect on both the culture and the literature. The literature of Nicaragua has had many important literary figures in the Spanish language with internationally prominent writers such as Rubén Darío, who is regarded as the most important literary figure in Nicaragua. He is referred to as the "Father of Modernism" for leading the modernismo literary movement at the end of the 19th century. Other important literary figures include Salomón de la Selva, Carlos Martínez Rivas, Pablo Antonio Cuadra, Alberto Cuadra Mejia, Manolo Cuadra Vega, Pablo Alberto Cuadra Arguello, Ernesto Cardenal, Sergio Ramírez Mercado, Gioconda Belli, José Coronel Urtecho, Alfonso Cortés, Julio Valle Castillo, and Claribel Alegría, among others.
Guatemalan literature is literature written by Guatemalan authors, whether in the indigenous languages present in the country or in Spanish. Though there was likely literature in Guatemala before the arrival of the Spanish, all the texts that exist today were written after their arrival.
Arturo Ambrogi was a writer and journalist, considered one of the pioneers of Salvadoran literature, along with Francisco Gavidia and Alberto Masferrer. Ambrogi's narrative was influenced by romance and Spanish American modernism and his stories are chronicles of all aspects of traditional peasant life in El Salvador.
"A Roosevelt" is a poem by Nicaraguan poet Rubén Darío. The poem was written by Darío in January 1904 in Málaga, Spain. It is a reaction to the involvement of the United States during the Separation of Panama from Colombia.
Luis Alberto Ambroggio is an Argentine American poet, independent scholar and writer. Full Member of the North American Academy of the Spanish Language and correspondent of the Spanish Royal Academy. His works include essays, poetry and translations.
Carlos Sebastián Pedro Hubert de Haes was a Spanish painter from Belgium. He was noted for the Realism in his landscapes, and was considered to be the "first contemporary Spanish artist able to capture something of a particularly Spanish 'essence' in his work". He was cited along with Jenaro Perez Villaamil and Aureliano de Beruete as one of the three Spanish grand masters of landscape painting, the latter of which was his pupil.
Román Mayorga Rivas was a Nicaraguan journalist and poet. He is considered the founder of modern journalism in El Salvador.
Azul is a collection of short stories and poetry by Nicaraguan poet Rubén Darío. It was published in 1888 as Darío's first major work and a major work of the Modernismo literary movement. He is commonly considered the initiator of literary modernism, a thesis that has been supported by personalities such as Octavio Paz, Ángel Rama or Darío himself. However, it is worth noting the works Ismaelillo (1882) by Martí and Cuentos fragilas (1883) by Gutiérrez Nájera as precursors of this movement.
The American Association of Hispanics in Higher Education (AAHHE) represents professional academics, researchers, educators, and students in the United States of America and focuses on issues affecting Hispanics in higher education. It functions as a nonprofit 501(c)(3) membership society.
