Abaza is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken by Abazins in Russia. The language has gone through several different orthographies based primarily on Latin and Cyrillic letters. Its consonant-to-vowel ratio is remarkably high; making it quite similar to many other languages from the same parent chain. The language evolved in popularity in the mid to late 1800s, but has become an endangered language.
The Russkaya Pravda was the legal code of Kievan Rus' and the subsequent Rus' principalities during the times of feudal division. It was written at the beginning of the 12th century and remade during many centuries. The basis of the Russkaya Pravda, Pravda of Yaroslav was written at the beginning of the 11th century. The Russkaya Pravda was a main source of Kievan Rus' law.
The Phagspa script or ʼPhags-pa script is an alphabet designed by the Tibetan monk and State Preceptor Drogön Chögyal Phagpa (1235-1280) for Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368) in China, as a unified script for the written languages within the Yuan. The actual use of this script was limited to about a hundred years during the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty, and it fell out of use with the advent of the Ming dynasty.
Shor is a critically endangered Turkic language spoken by about 2,800 people in a region called Mountain Shoriya, in the Kemerovo Province in Southwest Siberia, although the entire Shor population in this area is over 12000 people. Presently, not all ethnic Shors speak Shor and the language suffered a decline from the late 1930s to the early 1980s. During this period the Shor language was neither written nor taught in schools. However, since the 1980s and 1990s there has been a Shor language revival. The language is now taught at the Novokuznetsk branch of the Kemerovo State University.
The Kipchak languages are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family spoken by approximately 30 million people in much of Central Asia and Eastern Europe, spanning from Ukraine to China. Some of the most widely spoken languages in this group are Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Tatar.
Baraba or Baraba Tatar, is spoken by at least 8,000 Baraba Tatars in Siberia. It is a dialect of Siberian Tatar language. While middle aged individuals and the young generation speak Russian and Volga-Ural Tatar languages, the Baraba dialect is used by the older generation.
Oleg Nikolayevich Trubachyov was a Russian linguist. A researcher of the etymology of Slavic languages and Slavic onomastics, he was considered a specialist in historical linguistics and lexicography. He was a Doctor of Sciences in Philological Sciences, an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences and served as the editor-in-chief of the Etimologiya yearbook. His works are on the etymology of Slavic languages and on East Slavic onomastics.
There are 4 stages in the history of Yakut writing systems:
Sergey Semyonovich Nametkin was a Soviet and Russian organic chemist, a prominent researcher in terpene chemistry, the cracking of petrochemicals, and rearrangement of camphenes. Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Winner of two Stalin Prizes.
Kyakhta Russian–Chinese Pidgin was a contact language used by Russian and Chinese traders to communicate during the 18th-early 20th century. The pidgin owes its name to the town of Kyakhta, a Russian town on the border with the Qing Empire's Outer Mongolia, which was the most important border trading point between the two regions for more than a century after its foundation in 1728.
Aleksandr Vasil'evich Grebenshchikov was a Soviet scholar of the Tungusic languages. He was specifically interested in the origin and development of Manchu writing.
Old Mandarin or Early Mandarin was the speech of northern China during the Jurchen-ruled Jin dynasty and the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. New genres of vernacular literature were based on this language, including verse, drama and story forms, such as the qu and sanqu.
The Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages: Proto-Slavic Lexical Stock is an etymological dictionary of the reconstructed Proto-Slavic lexicon. It has been continuously published since 1974 until present, in 43 volumes, making it one of the most comprehensive in the world.
Dinar was a Georgian princess of the Bagrationi dynasty of Tao-Klarjeti and Queen regnant of Hereti. She is venerated as a saint. The Georgian Orthodox Church commemorates her on June 30.
Tatiana Valerianovna Dorofeeva was a Russian linguist, orientalist and translator.
Vladimir Semionovich Spirin was a Russian philologist, sinologist, historian, primarily interested resided in classical Chinese philology and Chinese philosophy. Throughout his career he was a lecturer of Saint Petersburg State University, researcher at Saint Petersburg's branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg Russia, Candidate of Sciences.
Aleksandr Gryunberg-Tsvetinovich was a Russian philologist specializing in Indo-Iranian languages and especially the languages of Afghanistan. He studied at the then Leningrad State University Iranian philology. His main fields of study were the grammatic descriptions of living Iranian languages, publication of texts, dictionaries and translations. Aleksandr Gryunberg-Tsvetinovich was the author of around 100 scientific publications.
Albina Khakimovna Girfanova, was a Russian linguist and anthropologist. She worked at the Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, and later at Saint Petersburg State University, where she attained the rank of Docent. Girfanova is most known for her work on Udege and Oroch languages, as well as on a number of other Tungusic languages and Balkan languages. She is the author of the most significant vocabulary of Udege, published in Russia, as well as other important studies and reference sources of Udege, Oroch and Balkan languages.
Evenki orthography is the orthography of the Evenki language.
Galina Stepanovna Nikitina — Soviet lawyer and orientalist, Candidate of Juridical Sciences (1953), Doctor of Historical Sciences (1977), author of the book «The State of Israel» – the first monographic study in Soviet literature of the history and economics of the state of Israel.
