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Governance is the process of making and enforcing decisions within an organization or society. It encompasses decision-making, rule-setting, and enforcement mechanisms to guide the functioning of an organization or society. Effective governance is essential for maintaining order, achieving objectives, and addressing the needs of the community or members within the organization. Furthermore, effective governance promotes transparency, fosters trust among stakeholders, and adapts to changing circumstances, ensuring the organization or society remains responsive and resilient in achieving its goals. It is the process of interactions through the laws, social norms, power or language as structured in communication of an organized society over a social system. It is done by the government of a state, by a market, or by a network. It is the process of choosing the right course among the actors involved in a collective problem that leads to the creation, reinforcement, or reproduction of acceptable conduct and social order". In lay terms, it could be described as the processes that exist in and between formal institutions.
Sustainable urban infrastructure expands on the concept of urban infrastructure by adding the sustainability element with the expectation of improved and more resilient urban development. In the construction and physical and organizational structures that enable cities to function, sustainability also aims to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the capabilities of the future generations.
Public participation, also known as citizen participation or patient and public involvement, is the inclusion of the public in the activities of any organization or project. Public participation is similar to but more inclusive than stakeholder engagement.
The School for Field Studies (SFS) is the United States' largest environmental study abroad program provider for undergraduate college students, offering fully accredited semester- and summer-long academic programs in over 10 countries around the world. SFS students and staff conduct field research, driven by strategic research plans, to address environmental issues which affect both the communities in which the organization operates and the world in general. More than 18,000 students have studied abroad with SFS since it was founded in 1980. SFS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, currently based out of Beverly, Massachusetts.
Environmental governance (EG) consist of a system of laws, norms, rules, policies and practices that dictate how the board members of an environment related regulatory body should manage and oversee the affairs of any environment related regulatory body which is responsible for ensuring sustainability (sustainable development) and manage all human activities—political, social and economic. Environmental governance includes government, business and civil society, and emphasizes whole system management. To capture this diverse range of elements, environmental governance often employs alternative systems of governance, for example watershed-based management.
John C. Dernbach is a nationally and internationally recognized authority on sustainable development, climate change, and environmental law. He is Commonwealth Professor of Environmental Law and Sustainability at Widener University Commonwealth Law School and Director of its Environmental Law and Sustainability Center.
The Center for International Sustainable Development Law (CISDL) is an international legal research center that promotes sustainable societies and the protection of ecosystems.
The Balsillie School of International Affairs (BSIA) is a centre for advanced research and teaching on global governance and international public policy, located in Waterloo, Ontario. As one of the largest social sciences initiatives in Canada, the school is a collaborative partnership between the University of Waterloo, Wilfrid Laurier University, and the Centre for International Governance Innovation. The BSIA is an affiliate member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs, a group of schools that educate leaders in international affairs. The BSIA is housed in the north and west wings of the CIGI Campus. Admission to BSIA is highly selective.
Ocean governance is the conduct of the policy, actions and affairs regarding the world's oceans. Within governance, it incorporates the influence of non-state actors, i.e. stakeholders, NGOs and so forth, therefore the state is not the only acting power in policy making. However, ocean governance is complex because much of the ocean is a commons that is not ‘owned’ by any single person or nation/state. There is a belief more strongly in the US than other countries that the “invisible hand” is the best method to determine ocean governance factors. These include factors such as what resources we consume, what price we should pay for them, and how we should use them. The underlying reasoning behind this is the market has to have the desire in order to promote environmental protection, however this is rarely the case. This term is referred to as a market failure. Market failures and government failures are the leading causes of ocean governance complications. As a result, humankind has tended to overexploit marine resources, by treating them as shared resources while not taking equal and collective responsibilities in caring for them.
Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger is a full professor, senior executive, an international expert in policy, law and governance on climate change, biodiversity, human rights, trade, investment and financial law and the world's Sustainable Development Goals. She currently serves as Leverhulme Trust Visiting Professor at the University of Cambridge, UK; executive secretary of the global Climate Law and Governance Initiative (CLGI) and senior director of the Centre for International Sustainable Development Law (CISDL). She is also a Fellow in Law & LLM/MCL Director of Studies at the Lucy Cavendish College; fellow at the Lauterpacht Centre for International Law; visiting fellow at the Bennett Institute for Public Policy and Fellow at the Cambridge Centre for Energy, Environment & Natural Resource Governance. Further, she is full professor at the University of Waterloo School of Environment, Enterprise and Development in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, where she is also senior fellow at the Balsillie School of International Affairs (BSIA) and senior advisor to the Interdisciplinary Centre on Climate Change (IC3). She serves as chair of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Biodiversity Law & Governance Initiative; rapporteur for the International Law Association Committee on Sustainable Natural Resources Management; co-founder member of the board of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) of Canada; member of the International Law Association (ILA) Board of Canada; co-founder and councillor of the World Future Council.
Ashfaq Khalfan is an international jurist in human rights law, Director of the Law and Policy Programme at Amnesty International, and Chair of the Board of Governors of the Centre for International Sustainable Development Law.
Markus Gehring is an international jurist in European and international trade law, and both fellow and director of studies in law at Hughes Hall at University of Cambridge. He is also a senior fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation.
Dr. Sumudu Anopama Atapattu is an international jurist in human rights, environmental and climate change law, and both a Senior Lecturer and Director of Research Centers at the University of Wisconsin Law School. She is an Attorney-at-Law of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka, an Affiliated Professor at the Raoul Wallenberg Institute in Sweden, and Lead Counsel for Human Rights and Poverty Eradication at the Centre for International Sustainable Development Law.
Dr. Jorge Cabrera Medaglia is an international jurist in biodiversity law and legal aspects relating to Access and Benefit Sharing, and a professor in the graduate program in law at the University of Costa Rica. In addition, he is a Legal Adviser to Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad in Costa Rica, a consultant, and Lead Counsel for Biodiversity at the Centre for International Sustainable Development Law.
Valentina Alejandra Durán Medina is an international jurist in environmental and climate change law, and both a Professor of Law at Universidad de Chile and Director of the Centre for Environmental Law (CDA). In addition to coordinating the Clinic of Environmental Law and Conflict Resolution, Durán is Lead Counsel for Peace, Justice and Governance at the Centre for International Sustainable Development Law.
The Climate Law and Governance Initiative is an international consortium of partners in the climate law community working to build capacity and knowledge relating to law and governance approaches to address climate change. Ongoing research projects carried out by its partner institutions support the hosting of events and specialized capacity-building workshops in parallel with the annual climate negotiations under the UNFCCC. The initiative's focus is the effective implementation of SDG 13 on Climate Change. Its events are officially endorsed by the UNFCCC.
Damilola Sunday Olawuyi, SAN, FCIArb, is an international jurist, professor of law, arbitrator, author and policy consultant, with expertise in petroleum, mining, energy and environmental law. He is the Deputy Vice Chancellor of Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. Professor Olawuyi was promoted to the rank of Full Professor of Law at the age of 32 years, becoming one of the youngest full professors of law in Nigerian history. He became a Senior Advocate of Nigeria in 2020, aged thirty-seven, becoming the youngest academic ever elevated to the rank of a senior advocate of Nigeria.
Lára Jóhannsdóttir is a professor in the Faculty of Business Administration at the University of Iceland. She is also a member of the faculty in the Environment and Natural Resources (ENR) Graduate Programme, an interdisciplinary program with ties to all five Schools of the University, but administratively part of the School of Engineering and Natural Sciences. Lára was the academic director of the ENR Programme in 2019, and is the first female professor in the faculty of Business Administration.
The Juridification of Resource Conflicts is a British Academy-funded research project which explores the uses of the jural by a range of actors in Central America and Mexico to advance their views about development and natural resource governance in the context of violent conflict over subsoil resources and water. The project spans the fields of political anthropology, socio-legal studies and political ecology.
Harry Driver Jonas is a British international lawyer and social entrepreneur, best known for his contributions to legal empowerment and area-based conservation. He advanced the theory and practice of community protocols to affirm Indigenous peoples’ rights over their territories and traditional knowledge, and was instrumental in developing the international framework for other effective area-based conservation measures to better recognize biodiversity stewardship beyond protected areas.
References
- ↑ "Alexandra R. Harrington, Biography". Albany Law School. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "International Law Association, Colombia". ILA. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "Role of International Law in Sustainable Natural Resource Management for Development, ILA Committee". ILA. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "Dr. Alexandra Harrington". CISDL. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "Alexandra R. Harrington, Biography". Albany Law School. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "Alexandra R. Harrington, Biography". Albany Law School. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "International Law Association, Colombia". ILA. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "Role of International Law in Sustainable Natural Resource Management for Development, ILA Committee". ILA. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "Alexandra Harrington". ICTSD. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "International Travel to Promote Book Will Fill Harrington's Summer". Albany Law. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "Dr. Alexandra Harrington". CISDL. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- ↑ "2018-2019 American Fulbright Scholars". Fulbright Canada. Retrieved 2018-12-30.