The Battle of Gao was fought between the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) and the Islamist Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa (MOJWA),along with its ally Ansar Dine,in Gao between 26–28 June 2012. By the 28 June,Gao,Timbuktu and Kidal,the three biggest cities in the disputed secessionist region of Azawad within what is recognised as Malian territory,were under the control of Ansar Dine and its Islamist allies.
The first battle of Kidal took place during the Mali war. On 30 March 2012,the city was captured by rebel MNLA and Ansar Dine forces.
Ba Ag Moussa was a Malian militant and jihadist.
Hassan Ag Fagaga,born around 1959 or 1966,in Kidal,Mali is a former Malian soldier and a Tuareg rebel.
The Coalition of the People of Azawad,also translated as the Coalition for the People of Azawad (CPA) is a Tuareg political and military movement formed in 2014 during the Mali War.
El Hadj Ag Gamou,born December 31,1964,in Tidermène,Mali,is an Imghad Tuareg Malian division general. Gamou is currently the governor of Kidal Region since November 22,2023,and has also been the head of his faction of Imghad Tuareg Self-Defense Group and Allies since the group's foundation. Prior to his governorship,Gamou served in the Malian army,commanding Malian troops against Ansar Dine and the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) in the early stages of the Mali War.
Assalat Ag Habi is a Malian Tuareg soldier and a founder of the Movement for the Salvation of Azawad.
The raid on Tin Biden occurred between October 23 and 24,2017,between French forces of Operation Barkhane and Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin in the remote wadi of Tin Biden,Kidal Region,Mali. In the battle,French forces killed eleven Malian prisoners of war held captive by JNIM.
The High Council for the Unity of Azawad (HCUA) (French:Haut conseil pour l'unitéde l'Azawad) is a Tuareg political movement formed on May 2,2013,during the Mali War. The movement was initially called the High Council of Azawad (HCA) (French:Haut conseil de l'Azawad) before changing its name on May 19,2013.
On July 26,2017,clashes broke out between the pro-government GATIA Imghad Tuareg militia and anti-government Idnane Tuareg rebels from the Coordination of Azawad Movements.
On March 5,2017,jihadists from Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin attacked Malian forces in Boulikessi. The attack was the first by JNIM since its inception that month.
On July 30,2016,clashes broke out between GATIA and the Coordination of Azawad Movements in Touzik,Kidal Region,Mali.
The battle of Kidal took place between July 21 and 22,2016 between GATIA,a pro-government militia consisting of Imghad Tuaregs,against the Coordination of Azawad Movements,consisting of Ifoghas Tuaregs.
Between December 24–25,2015,Ansar Dine militants attacked National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) positions in Talahandak,Mali. Ansar Dine captured the MNLA outpost,and then ambushed CMA reinforcements.
On August 17,2015,clashes broke out between pro-government GATIA militants and rebels from the Coordination of Azawad Movements (CMA) in the town of Anefis and surrounding areas. The dispute was settled in September.
The Islamic Movement of Azawad (MIA) was a short-lived rebel group advocating for Azawadian autonomy under Islamic law. The group was founded by Alghabass Ag Intalla,and emerged after a split from Ansar Dine following French intervention in northern Mali. The MIA was founded in January 2013,and merged into the High Council for the Unity of Azawad (HCUA) on May 19,2013.
On July 16,2015,the Malian army raided a jihadist base in the Sama Forest,in southern Mali's Sikasso Region. The raid is one of the few confrontations between jihadists and the Malian army in southern Mali,and marked the end of the Khalid ibn Walid katiba and jihadist expansion in southern Mali.
Cheikh Ag Aoussa,nom de guerre Abou Mohame,was a Tuareg rebel leader and prominent drug trafficker.
Achafghi Ag Bohada is a Malian Tuareg rebel and chief of staff of the High Council for the Unity of Azawad.
Hamada Ag Hama,also known as Abdelkrim Taleb or Abdelkrim al-Targui was a Malian jihadist and emir of Katiba Al Ansar,a brigade in Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM).
MNLA (2012)
Ansar Dine (2012-2013)
HCUA (2013-present)
CMA (2016-present)