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Counseling psychology is a psychological specialty that encompasses research and applied work in several broad domains: counseling process and outcome; supervision and training; career development and counseling; and prevention and health. Some unifying themes among counseling psychologists include a focus on assets and strengths, person–environment interactions, educational and career development, brief interactions, and a focus on intact personalities.
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Environmental psychology is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the transactions between individuals and their surroundings. It examines the way in which the natural environment and our built environments shape us as individuals. Environmental Psychology emphasises how humans change the environment and how the environment changes humans experiences and behaviors. The field defines the term environment broadly, encompassing natural environments, social settings, built environments, learning environments, and informational environments.
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Psychology encompasses a vast domain, and includes many different approaches to the study of mental processes and behavior. Below are the major areas of inquiry that taken together constitute psychology. A comprehensive list of the sub-fields and areas within psychology can be found at the list of psychology topics and list of psychology disciplines.
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Staffing theory is a social psychology theory that explores the effects of behavior settings being either understaffed or overstaffed. Understaffing refers to the idea that there are not enough people for what for the behavior setting promotes, whereas overstaffing is the overabundance of people. The term staffing theory was previously known as manning theory, but was renamed.
The Campbell paradigm is a behavioral theory from social psychology. The paradigm was developed by social psychologist Florian Kaiser and his colleagues in 2010, building on an earlier suggestion by Donald T. Campbell, after whom the paradigm is named. It offers an explanation of why and when individuals engage in particular behaviors. Its main application is climate and environmental protection behavior.
References
- ↑ e.g., Noschis, K. (1980/81). Review of An Introduction to Ecological Psychology, Architecture & Behavior, 1, 171–174; Taylor, R. B. (1979). Ecological psychology demystified. Contemporary Psychology, 24, 979–980.
- ↑ Kaminski, G. (1983). The enigma of ecological psychology. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 3, p. 88.
- ↑ Scott, M. M. (2005). A powerful theory and a paradox: Ecological psychologists after Barker. Environment and Behavior, 37, p. 309.
- ↑ "Eugene Garfield, Ph.D. - Home Page".
