Vexillology is the study of the history, symbolism and usage of flags or, by extension, any interest in flags in general.
Whitney Smith Jr. was an American vexillologist. He coined the term vexillology, which refers to the scholarly analysis of all aspects of flags. He was a founder of several vexillology organizations. Smith was a Laureate and a Fellow of the International Federation of Vexillological Associations.
The International Federation of Vexillological Associations is an international federation of 53 regional, national, and multinational associations and institutions across the globe that study vexillology, which FIAV defines in its constitution as "the creation and development of a body of knowledge about flags of all types, their forms and functions, and of scientific theories and principles based on that knowledge."
James Barnes (1866–1936) was an American author.
Sadie American was a Jewish-American activist, social worker, activist, and "Chicago's pioneer of visual sociology".
Kate Brownlee Sherwood was an American poet, journalist, translator and story writer of the long nineteenth century, as well as a philanthropist, and patron of the arts and literature. Sherwood was also the founder of the Woman's Relief Corps (WRC) and served as its second president.
Annie Maria Barnes was a 19th-century American journalist, editor, and author from South Carolina. At the age of eleven, she wrote an article for the Atlanta Constitution, and at the age of fifteen, she became a regular correspondent of that journal. In 1887, she began publishing The Acanthus, a juvenile paper published in the Southern United States. Barnes published novels from 1887 until at least 1927.
Eliza Douglas Keith was an American educator, author, and journalist; she was also a social reformer and activist.
Harriet Abbott Coolidge was an American philanthropist, author and reformer. She did much in the way of instructing young mothers in the care and clothing of infants, and furthered the cause to improve the condition of infants in foundling hospitals. She contributed a variety of articles on kindergarten matters to the daily press, and while living in Washington, D.C., she gave a series of "nursery talks" for mothers at her home, where she fitted up a model nursery. Coolidge was the editor of Trained Motherhood; and author of In the Story Land, Kindergarten Stories, Talks to Mothers, The Model Nursery, and What a Young Girl Ought to Know. She was one of the original signers of the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and was an active member of four of the leading charity organizations in Washington. She died in 1902.
Grace Carew Sheldon was an American journalist, author, and editor, as well as a businesswoman. She was the founder of Woman's Exchange of Buffalo, New York. Sheldon gave drawing-room talks in cities around the United States and in Europe on Walter Scott and his works. She was a delegate to the International Press Congress, Bordeaux, France 1895. Sheldon was a correspondent for the Buffalo Courier in France (1895); and in South America (1896) for New York City and Buffalo papers. She was the author of, As We Saw It in '90 (1890) and From Pluckemin to Paris (1898).
Marion Howard Brazier was an American journalist, editor, author, and clubwoman of Boston. She was the author of: Perpetrations, a Book of Humor, and Cheer, Philosophy and Comfort.
John Trumbull Robinson was an American attorney who served as the United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut under two presidents.
Lilian Carpenter Streeter was an American social reformer, organizational founder, clubwoman, and author. She founded the Concord Woman's Club, and the New Hampshire Federation of Woman's Clubs. Having lived in Concord, New Hampshire from 1877 till her death, she was active in every social, educational, and philanthropic movement that was brought to her notice, and her actions commanded the support and cooperation of other women. At the National Conference of Charities and Correction, held in Baltimore, Maryland, 1915, Streeter gave a paper entitled, "The Relation of Mental Defect to the Neglected, Dependent, and Delinquent Children of New Hampshire", making her the first woman to give a paper of this kind at a national conference. Streeter's articles on social and charitable topics appeared in magazines of the day.
Fanny E. Minot was an American public worker, social reformer, charitable organization leader, and clubwoman who was at the front in many lines of public service, including charitable, educational, church and social work. She held a strong interest in all those movements of the 20th-century which brought women into prominence. Minot served as president of the Woman's Relief Corps (WRC) of Concord, New Hampshire, of the State of New Hampshire, and lastly, as the 22nd National President of the WRC. She was also a member and regent of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR).
Laura Dayton Fessenden was an American author of romances and other books between 1878 and 1923. She was a contributor to magazines and a writer of songs. She was the founder of the Highland Park Woman's Club. Before marriage, she wrote as Laura C. S. Dayton.
Clara Bancroft Beatley was an American educator, lecturer, and author, as well as a clubwoman and suffragist. A a descendant of staunch Unitarians, for many years, she served as the principal of the Church of the Disciples school in Boston, Massachusetts.
Sibylla Bailey Crane was an American educator, musical composer, and author. Her benevolent work included that of the church, the educational institutions of Massachusetts, the general theological library, and the prisons and reformatory schools of the state. She was prominent in musical and social circles and in various patriotic and other organizations, and contributed liberally for the advancement of many worthy objects. Crane was the author of a volume entitled, Glimpses of the Old World.
Jennie M. Bingham was an American writer and litterateur.
Eliza M. Chandler White was an American social reformer and charity work leader, as well as an abolitionist, and clubwoman. She founded the Brooklyn Home for Consumptives, and the Fort Greene Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution (D.A.R.). She was also the head of the Prison Ship Martyrs Committee which erected the Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument in Fort Greene Park, Brooklyn. She was one of the best-known women of Brooklyn in her day.
National Mary Washington Memorial Association (NMWMA) is a hereditary American woman's organization created in Washington, D.C. in 1889, to support in perpetuity the monument to Mary Ball Washington located at Fredericksburg, Virginia. It is the second chartered historical and patriotic society among women in the United States.
