Romania's political framework is a semi-presidential representative republic where the Prime Minister is the head of government while the President,according to the Constitution,has at least in theory a more symbolic role,is responsible for the foreign policy,signs certain decrees,approves laws promulgated by the parliament,and nominates the head of government. Romania has multi-party system with a dominant two-party system,with legislative power vested in the government and the two chambers of the Parliament,more specifically the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature in theory. From 1948 until 1989,the communist rule political structure took place in the framework of a one-party socialist republic governed by the Romanian Communist Party (PCR) as its only legal party.
The Social Democratic Party is the largest political party in Romania. It is also the largest social democratic political party in the country. It was founded by Ion Iliescu,Romania's first democratically elected president at the 1990 Romanian general election. It is currently part of the National Coalition for Romania (CNR),which is a big tent grand coalition comprising also the National Liberal Party (PNL). The CNR formerly included the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ) until mid June 2023.
The National Liberal Party is a Christian democratic and socially conservative political party in Romania. Re-founded in mid January 1990,shortly after the Revolution of 1989 which culminated in the fall of communism in Romania,it claims the legacy of the major political party of the same name,active between 1875 and 1947 in the Kingdom of Romania. Based on this historical legacy,it often presents itself as the first formally constituted political party in the country and the oldest of its kind from the family of European liberal parties as well.
The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament. It has 330 total seats to which deputies are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation to serve four-year terms. Additionally,the organisation of each national ethnic minority is entitled to a seat in the Chamber.
The Parliament of Romania is the national bicameral legislature of Romania,consisting of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. It meets at the Palace of the Parliament in Bucharest,the capital.
Parliamentary elections were held in Romania on 30 November 2008. The Democratic Liberal Party (PDL) won three more seats than PSD in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate,although the alliance headed by the Social Democratic Party (PSD) won more votes and a fractionally higher vote share. The two parties subsequently formed a governing coalition with Emil Boc of the PDL as Prime Minister.
Roberta Alma Anastase is a Romanian politician and former first female President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania between 19 December 2008 and 3 July 2012.
Alexandru Athanasiu is a Romanian politician and jurist. A former leader of the Romanian Social Democratic Party (PSDR),he has been a member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) since 2001.
Cristian-Sorin Dumitrescu is a Romanian politician.
Eduard Raul Hellvig is a Romanian political scientist,journalist and politician who served as director of the Romanian Intelligence Service (SRI) from 2015 to 2023. A former member of the National Liberal Party (PNL) and previously of the Conservative Party (PC),he represented Bihor County in the Romanian Chamber of Deputies from 2004 to 2008,and sat for Ilfov County from 2012 to 2013. In the Victor Ponta cabinet,he was Minister of Regional Development and Tourism in 2012. In 2007,he was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Romania,a position he once again took up in 2013,and which he left upon becoming SRI director.
Marian-Jean Marinescu is a Romanian politician and member of PNL,part of the European People's Party–European Democrats. Elected to the Chamber of Deputies for Dolj County,he became a Member of the European Parliament in January 2007,with the accession of Romania to the European Union. He is a Grand Officer of the Order of the Star of Romania. Marian-Jean Marinescu has been vice-president of the PPE Group for two legislatures,chair of the PPE Working Group "Budgets and Structural Policies",coordinator of the PPE working group for the Multiannual Financial Framework 2021–2027,Vice-Coordinator of the Transport and Tourism Commission (TRAN),vice-president of the "Sky and Space" Intergroup,member of the Board of Directors of the European Agency for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GSA),ambassador and founding member of the Erasmus program for entrepreneurs . In the new legislature 2019–2024,Marian-Jean Marinescu continues his activity in the committees of which he was a member previously,namely:member in the Committee on Transport and Tourism (TRAN),alternate member in the Committee on Industry,Research and Energy (ITRE) and an alternate member of the Committee on Budgetary Control (CONT),as well as coordinator of the PPE group for transport policies. A fluent speaker of French and English,Marian-Jean Marinescu has a solid administrative experience at national level,being deputy in the Romanian Parliament,County Councilor - Dolj County Council - Municipal Councilor Local Craiova and Prefect - Dolj County Prefect Institution. During the activity,Marian-Jean Marinescu was twice awarded the MEP of the Year,in the Research - Innovation section,the Personality of the Year Award in the field of aviation,granted by the European Business Aviation Association (EBAA) in 2017,Red Arrow Award 2017 for Europe's Essential Commitment - Future Business Austria Conference. In the 2014 - 2019 legislature Marinescu was ranked the most active Romanian MEP,with a portfolio of 15 reports as principal rapporteur,20 alternative reports and 5 opinion reports,as well as one of the ones more influential Romanian MEPs,according to VoteWatch's April 2019 ranking.
Sorin Frunzăverde was a Romanian politician. He served as the Minister of National Defense of Romania on two occasions as well as the Minister of Tourism and Ministry of Water,Forestry and Environmental Protection. He was also the President of the Caraș-Severin County Council a member of the Parliament of Romania and a Member of the European Parliament from 2007 to 2009. Formerly a member of the Democratic Liberal Party (PDL),he joined the National Liberal Party (PNL) in 2012.
Transilvania University of Brașov is a higher education and research institution in Brașov,Romania which comprises 18 faculties,with a number of over 20,880 students and over 700 teaching staff members. Currently,Transilvania University of Brașov is the largest university in the centre of the country,a university that offers programmes in fields such as:mechanical engineering,industrial engineering,computers,construction,forestry,wood engineering,product design,nutrition and tourism,computer science,mathematics,economics,medicine,pedagogy,music,literature and linguistics,law,sociology and social work,psychology. There are 98 undergraduate programmes in the University:81 full-time study programmes,17 part-time study and distance learning programmes,66 master's degree study programmes and 22 doctoral fields.
Alina-Ștefania Gorghiu is a Romanian lawyer and politician who served as president of the National Liberal Party (PNL) from December 2014 until December 2016. She was a member of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies for Bucharest from December 2008 to December 2016. Since the latter date,she has represented TimișCounty in the Romanian Senate.
Iuliu Winkler is a Romanian engineer,economist and politician. A member of the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR),he was a member of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies for Hunedoara County from 2000 to 2004. In the Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu cabinet,he was Minister-Delegate for Commerce from December 2004 to April 2007,and Minister of Communications and Information Society from July to December 2007. Since that time,he has been a Member of the European Parliament (MEP).
The Social Liberal Union was a grand coalition of several political parties which was active in Romania during the early to mid 2010s. The alliance contained two major political parties,one major centre-left and one centre-right,more specifically the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the National Liberal Party (PNL),respectively.
Victor Boştinaru is a Romanian member of the European Parliament and sits on the Committee for Regional Development (REGI) and Committee on Petitions (PETI). He is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Romania and in the European Union he is part of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats.
The 2014 European Parliament election in Romania was held in Romania on 25 May 2014.
Eugen Tomac is a Romanian politician,historian and journalist currently serving as MEP in the European Parliament for Romania since 2019. He is also the President of the People's Movement Party (PMP).
