Annaji Datto Sachiv Surnavis and Sachiv | |
|---|---|
 Maratha Empire | |
| Monarch | Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj |
| Personal details | |
| Spouse | Lakshmibai [1] |
| Relations | Somaji Datto (Brother) |
| Children |
|
Annaji Datto Sachiv was the Sachiv (Chief Secretary) in the Ashta Pradhan (Council of 8) mandal of the Maratha Empire during the rule of Shivaji. [3]
Before joining the services of Shivaji,Annaji Datto was a Kulkarni of Sangameshwar. He joined Shivaji's administration in 1647. [4]
Annaji Datto was assigned the job of capturing the Panhala fort after the Afzal episode. [5] In 1659,Annaji captured the Panhala fort and Pawangad fort from the Mughals. [6]
In 1667,Shivaji appointed Annaji to the task of land revenue reform in areas under the Swarajya.He improved upon Malik Amber's revenue system and introduced a new one. Annaji's efforts led to a new system of lower government claim on farm produce of 2/5.His work involved accurate land measurement,bringing new land under cultivation,and measures to reduce exploitation of the illiterate cultivators by the hereditary village officials such as the Patil and Kulkarni. [7] [8] Annaji Datto also carried out a survey known as Annaji Datto's Dhara. [9] He improved upon Malik Amber's revenue system and introduced a new one,which is considered to be one of the great land-marks in the deve- lopment of agriculture in Maharashtra in medieval time
According to Subhasad Bhakhar,the Maratha Empire of Shivaji was divided into three parts,each under a cabinet minister,called a Sarkarkun. Annaji Datto Sachiv,Moropant Trimbak Pingle,and Dattoji Pant were appointed sarkarkun. [10] [11] As sarkarkun,Annaji Datto controlled the Konkan territory,including Choul. Dabhol,Rajapur,Kudal,Bande,Phonda,and Koppal. This division between territories was called Talghat or Southern division. [12]
Shivaji's eldest son and presumptive heir,Sambhaji,was sent to the fort of Panhala by his father,due to the conflict between him and ashtpradhan mandal. [13] [14] [15] However,in December 1678 Sambhaji left the fort and defected to the Mughals for a year under a secret plan of shivaji maharaj and sambhaji raje,but then returned home when he learnt of a plan by Dilir Khan,the Mughal viceroy of Deccan to arrest him and send him to Delhi. [16] Upon returning home,Sambhaji was again put under surveillance at Panhala by his father due to asthpradhan mandal influenced by anaji datto [17] [18] [14] [19] However,Shivaji soon fell ill and died in April 1680. The news of Shivaji's death reached Sambhaji at Panhala within eleven days. [20]
At the time of Shivaji's death,Soyarabai Shivaji's widow,conspire with Annaji to lure the Council of ministers (ashtapradhan mandal),into electing her then ten year old younger son Rajaram to the throne of Maratha swarajya with Soyarabai as the regent. [21] [22] On 21 April 1680,arrangements were made to make Rajaram's position secure. The coronation of Rajaram I was performed by Annaji Datto and a few of Rajaram's supporters. [23]
Soyarabai and Minister's proposed Sambhaji for the division of the Maratha Empire. When their proposal of the division of the Swarajya was turned down by Sambhaji,the adherents of the cause of Peshwa Moropant Pingle,Annaji has results Datto and others marched against Sambhaji. However,Sambhaji quickly won over the support of the Maratha army. He arrested those who had marched against him on the way to Panhala between 19 May and 2 June 1680. Sambhaji marched on Raigad and gained possession of the capital on 18 June 1680. He promptly put Soyarabai in close confinement upon her orders
.
Annaji and other ministers involved in the conspiracy were arrested and either executed or confined. Annaji was however released after a period. Later in 1681 when Prince Akbar,Aurangzeb's rebel son was given asylum by Sambhaji,Annaji and several members of the Shirke clan (of Yesubai) promised the Deccan to Akbar in exchange for leaving a small kingdom for Rajaram. Akbar refused to be a party to this conspiracy and betrayed these conspirators to Sambhaji who quickly executed Annaji,his brother Somaji,a large number of the Asthapradhan members and members of the Shirke family in August 1681. [24] [25]
Shivaji I was an Indian ruler and a member of the Bhonsle dynasty. Shivaji carved out his own independent kingdom from the declining Adilshahi Sultanate of Bijapur that formed the genesis of the Maratha Empire. In 1674,he was formally crowned the Chhatrapati of his realm at Raigad Fort.
Sambhaji,also known as Shambhuraje was the second Chhatrapati of the Maratha Kingdom,ruling from 1681 to 1689. He was the eldest son of Shivaji,the founder of the Maratha Kingdom. Sambhaji's rule was largely shaped by the ongoing wars between the Marathas and the Mughal Empire,as well as other neighbouring powers such as the Abyssinians of Janjira,Wadiyars of Mysore and the Portuguese Empire in Goa. After Sambhaji's execution by Aurangzeb,his brother Rajaram I succeeded him as the next Chhatrapati and continued the Mughal–Maratha Wars.
Peshwa was second highest office in the Maratha Confederacy,next in rank and prestige only to that of the Chhatrapati. Initially serving as the appointed prime minister in the Maratha empire,the office became hereditary after the death of Shahu in 1749. During the reign of Shahu,the office of Peshwa grew in power and the Peshwas came to be the de facto rulers of the Maratha empire. However following the defeat of the Marathas in 1761,the office of the Peshwa became titular as well and from that point onwards served as the ceremonial head of the Confederacy underneath the Chhatrapati.
Balaji Vishwanath Bhat was the first of a series of hereditary Peshwas hailing from the Bhat family who gained effective control of the Maratha Empire and the Mughal vassals of the Marathas during the early 18th century. Balaji Vishwanath assisted a young Maratha king Shahu to consolidate his grip on a kingdom that had been racked by civil war and persistently intruded on by the Mughals under Aurangzeb. He was called the Second Founder of the Maratha State. He secured a grant from the Mughal court that confirmed Shahu as the legitimate Mughal vassal,at the expense of his rival Sambhaji. Later,his son Bajirao I became the Peshwa.
Rajaram Bhonsle I was the third Chhatrapati of the Maratha Kingdom,who ruled from 1689 to his death in 1700. He was the second son of the Shivaji,the founder of the empire and younger half-brother of Sambhaji,whom he succeeded. His eleven-year reign was marked with a constant struggle against the Mughals. He was succeeded by his infant son Shivaji II under the regentship of his dowager Maharani Tarabai.
Tarabai Bhosale (née Mohite) was the regent of the Maratha Empire from 1700 until 1708. She was the queen of Rajaram I,and daughter-in-law of the empire's founder Shivaji I. She is acclaimed for her role in keeping alive the resistance against Mughal occupation of Maratha territories after the death of her husband,and acting as the regent during the minority of her son,Shivaji II and defeated Aurangazeb
Hambirrao Mohite also known as Hansaji,was a prominent Maratha general who held the esteemed position of the 5th Senapati of the Maratha Army during the reign of Chhatrapati Shivaji. He was recognized for his exceptional military prowess and successfully led various campaigns on behalf of Shivaji,subsequently continuing his service under Chhatrapati Sambhaji.
The Deccan wars were a series of military conflicts between the Mughal Empire and the descendants of the Maratha ruler Shivaji from the time of Shivaji's death in 1680 until the death of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707. Shivaji was a central figure in what has been called "the Maratha insurgency" against the Mughal state. Both he and his son,Sambhaji,or Shambuji,typically,alternated between rebellion against the Mughal state and service to the Mughal sovereign in an official capacity. It was common practice in late 17th-century India for members of a ruling family of a small principality to both collaborate with the Mughals and rebel.
Rajmatoshree Shrimant Soyarabai Saheb Bhosale(Mohite) died 1681) was second wife of Shivaji Maharaj,the founder of Maratha empire in western India. She was mother of Shivaji Maharaj's second son,Rajaram. She was the younger sister of Maratha army chief Hambirrao Mohite.
Saibai Bhosale was the first wife and chief consort of Chattrapati Shivaji,the founder of the Maratha Empire. She was the mother of her husband's successor Chattrapati Sambhaji.
Rangnath Narayan Orpe,historically mentioned as ‘Rango Narayan’,was a warrior and administrative officer on Fort Vishalgad,under the regime of Shivaji,founder of the Maratha Empire and his son Sambhaji in the 17th century India. He is mainly known for defeating the Bijapur army in the battle of Vishalgad in July,1660.
Ramchandra Neelkanth Bawadekar (1650–1716),also known as Ramchandra Pant Amatya,served on the Council of 8 as the Finance Minister (Amatya) to Emperor (Chhatrapati) Shivaji,dating from 1674 to 1680. He then served as the Imperial Regent to four later emperors,namely Sambhaji,Rajaram,Shivaji II and Sambhaji II. He authored the Adnyapatra,a famous code of civil and military administration,and is renowned as one of the greatest civil administrators,political thinkers,diplomats and military strategists of the Maratha Empire.
Khanderao Ballal,popularly known as ‘Khando Ballal Chitnis’,was a diplomat in Maharashtra during the late 17th century and the early 18th century. He was also the personal Assistant of Rajaram and Shahu. He is remembered for his support of Rajaram Maharaj as well as his support for Sambhaji Maharaj. There is a story that Sambhaji Maharaj had gone to war in Goa,but his horse started suddenly drowning in a river,but Khanadoballal chitnis bravely got off his horse and saved the Chhatrapati.
Shankaraji Narayan Gandekar (1665–1707),also known as Shankaraji Narayan Sacheev or Shankaraji Narayan,was a popular Minister (Pradhan) and Count (Sardar) of the Maratha Kingdom. He also served as Imperial Secretary (Sacheev) during Rajaram's reign. He also served as Deputy to the Crown (Rajadnya) under Sambhaji. His contribution to the war of independence against Mughal rule is considered to be immensely supportive. He was also the founder of the princely state of Bhor located,in Pune district.
Parshuram Trimbak Kulkarni (1660–1718),popularly known as Parshuram Pant Pratinidhi,was a Minister (Pradhan) and Count (Sardar) of the Maratha Empire. He served as Pratinidhi during Rajaram I and Tarabai’s reign. His contribution to the War of 27 years is considered to be of vital importance. He was also the founder of the princely states of Vishalgad and Aundh in Maharashtra.
Panhala fort,is located in Panhala,20 kilometres northwest of Kolhapur in Maharashtra,India. It is strategically located looking over a pass in the Sahyadri mountain range which was a major trade route from Bijapur in the interior of Maharashtra to the coastal areas. Due to its strategic location,it was the centre of several skirmishes in the Deccan involving the Marathas,the Mughals and the British the grand son's of chhatrapati shivaji maharaj East India Company,the most notable being the Battle of Pavan Khind. Here,the queen regent of Kolhapur,Tarabai Ranisaheb,spent her formative years. Several parts of the fort and the structures within are still intact. It is also called as the 'Fort of Snakes' as it is zigzagged in shape.
The House of Mohite or Mohite clan is a prominent Maratha clan,that held significant positions as Senapati and Sardar within the Maratha Empire. The House of Mohite was established by Sambhaji Mohite,who served as the Subedar of Saswad and was the brother of Shahaji's wife,Tukabai. He was also the father of Soyarabai,who later became the wife of Chhatrapati Shivaji. His son Hambirrao Mohite became the Senapati of the Maratha Empire. The Mohite clan played significant role during the Mughal-Maratha wars.
Kolhapur State or Kolhapur Kingdom (1710–1949) was a Maratha princely State of India,under the Deccan Division of the Bombay Presidency,and later the Deccan States Agency. It was considered the most important of the Maratha principalities with the others being Baroda State,Gwalior State and Indore State. Its rulers,of the Bhonsle dynasty,were entitled to a 19-gun salute –thus Kolhapur was also known as a 19-gun state. The state flag was a swallow-tailed saffron pennant.
Swarajyarakshak Sambhaji is an Indian historical drama based on the life of warrior king Sambhaji. The series is directed by Vivek Deshpande and Kartik Rajaram Kendhe and is written by Pratap Gangavane. It is produced abd starred by Amol Kolhe in lead role of Sambhaji,Vilas Sawant and Sonali Ghanashyam Rao under the banner of Jagadamb Creations. It premiered from 24 September 2017 by replacing Kahe Diya Pardes and aired on Zee Marathi.
The Execution of Sambhaji was a significant event in 17th-century Deccan India,where the second Maratha King was put to death by order of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. The conflicts between the Mughals and the Deccan Sultanates,which resulted in the downfall of the Sultanates,paved the way for tensions between the Marathas and the Mughals. Following the death of Shivaji,his son Sambhaji ascended to the throne and conducted several campaigns against the Mughals. Unlike his father,Sambhaji tolerated instances of rape and murder committed by his army during these conflicts. This led Aurangzeb to launch a campaign against the Marathas,resulting in the capture of the Maratha King by the Mughal general Muqarrab Khan. Sambhaji and his minister Kavi Kalash were then taken to Tulapur,where they were tortured to death.
A grant from Shivaji to Ragho Annaji, the son and Laxmibai, the widow of Annaji Datto. The document mentions that this Watan was formerly given by Shivaji the Great to Annaji Datto
When Lakshmibai and Annaji Datto's son, Ragho Annaji, told Tarabai about the wretched conditions through which they had passed after Annaji's death, and requested Tarabai to restore to them the Desh Kulkarni Vatan