Annette Hoyt Flanders was an American landscape architect. Her work on residential gardens was primarily in the Eastern and Midwestern United States. She was recognized in House & Garden's Hall of Fame in 1930 and elected a Fellow of the American Society of Landscape Architects in 1942.
Annette Hoyt was born in 1887 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, [1] to parents Frank M. Hoyt, a prominent attorney, and Hettie Pamelia Hoyt. Her early education consisted of tutors and private schools until she attended Smith College, where she earned her B.A. in botany in 1914. She then attended the University of Illinois for her B.S. in landscape architecture, graduating in 1918. [1] Hoyt also studied civil engineering and architecture at Marquette University. Hoyt married lawyer Roger Yale Flanders in 1913, becoming Annette Hoyt Flanders. [2]
From 1918 to 1919, after graduating from university, Flanders served with the American Red Cross in France. When she returned to the U.S. she joined Vitale, Brinckerhoff, and Geiffert, a landscape architecture firm in New York, and was responsible for design and planting supervision. [3]
In 1922, Flanders opened her own office in New York. Her projects included private estates, real estate subdivisions, industrial plants, recreational developments, and exhibit gardens around the United States. She employed landscape architects Helen Swift Jones and Helen Elise Bullard. In 1942, she closed this New York office and reopened her office in her hometown of Milwaukee in 1943. Flanders’ most notable projects included the Phipps Estate, the Morven Farm Gardens, and the McCann Estate French Gardens. In 1932, the McCann Estate French Gardens won Flanders the Architectural League of New York's Medal of Honor in Landscape Architecture.
In her work, Flanders emphasized minimizing the amount of grading required for a design. She argued instead that landscape designs should adhere to the natural form of the land. She drew inspiration from several different styles, including the Beaux Arts, Midwestern naturalism, and Modernism. [2]
Flanders lectured extensively to horticultural and botanical societies, women's clubs, and schools. She wrote for several publications, including House & Garden, Country Life in America, and House Beautiful, promoting simple, livable, and economical garden design. Flanders was also the consultant garden editor for the Good Housekeeping magazine from 1933 to 1934, and published a series on suburban garden design.[ citation needed ]
In 1930, Flanders was recognized in House and Garden's Hall of Fame, and in 1942 she was elected as a Fellow of the American Society of Landscape Architects.
Flanders died on June 7, 1946. [4]
Beatrix Cadwalader Farrand was an American landscape gardener and landscape architect. Her career included commissions to design about 110 gardens for private residences, estates and country homes, public parks, botanic gardens, college campuses, and the White House. Only a few of her major works survive: Dumbarton Oaks in Washington, D.C., the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Garden on Mount Desert, Maine, the restored Farm House Garden in Bar Harbor, the Peggy Rockefeller Rose Garden at the New York Botanical Garden, and elements of the campuses of Princeton, Yale, and Occidental.
Cornelia Hahn Oberlander LL.D. was a German-born Canadian landscape architect. Her firm, Cornelia Hahn Oberlander Landscape Architects, was founded in 1953, when she moved to Vancouver.
F. Burrall Hoffman, Jr. was an American architect, best known for his work for James Deering at Villa Vizcaya in Miami, Florida.
Innisfree Garden is an American nonprofit public garden influenced by Chinese style in Millbrook, New York. The garden was established between 1930 and 1960 as the private garden of Walter and Marion Beck, inspired by scroll paintings of the 8th-century Chinese poet and painter Wang Wei. With the help of landscape architect Lester Collins from Harvard University, individual garden scenes inspired by the Chinese paintings were connected to an overall landscape around a glacial lake, in keeping with the ecological surroundings.
Kathryn Gustafson is an American landscape architect. Her work includes the Gardens of the Imagination in Terrasson, France; a city square in Évry, France; and the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fountain in Hyde Park, London. She has won awards and prizes including the Millennium Garden Design Competition. She is known for her ability to create sculptural forms, using earth, grass, stone and water.
Ossian Cole Simonds, often known as O. C. Simonds, was an American landscape designer. He preferred the term 'landscape gardener' to that of 'landscape architect'. A number of Simonds' works are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
Martha Brookes Hutcheson was an American landscape architect, lecturer, and author, active in New England, New York, and New Jersey.
Theodora Kimball Hubbard (1887-1935) was the first librarian of the Harvard School of Landscape Architecture, and a contemporary of and collaborator with many significant figures in landscape architecture in expanding the body of knowledge in that subject area.
Beverly Willis was an American architect who played a major role in the development of many architectural concepts and practices that influenced the design of American cities and architecture. Willis' achievements in the development of new technologies in architecture, urban planning, public policy and her leadership activities on behalf of architects are well known. Her best-known built-work is the San Francisco Ballet Building in San Francisco, California. She was a co-founder of the National Building Museum, in Washington, D.C., and founder of the Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation, a non-profit organization working to change the culture for women in the building industry through research and education.
Rose Standish Nichols (1872–1960) was an American landscape architect from Boston, Massachusetts. Nichols worked for some 70 clients in the United States and abroad. Collaborators included David Adler, Mac Griswold, Howard Van Doren Shaw, and others. She also wrote articles about gardens for popular magazines such as House Beautiful and House & Garden, and published three books about European gardens.
Oehme, van Sweden & Associates is a Washington, D.C. based landscape architecture firm known for its focus on sustainability in landscape architecture. It was founded in 1975 by Wolfgang Oehme and James van Sweden. The firm is a proponent of the "New American Garden" style, which is characterized by large swaths of grasses and fields of perennials.
Belcaro is a historic mansion and private residence in Denver, Colorado, specifically in the southeast Belcaro, Denver neighborhood at the corner of Madison Street and Belcaro Drive. Built between 1931 and 1933, the 33,000 square feet (3,100 m2) Georgian style Phipps Mansion consists of more than seventy rooms, two of which were imported from England. The facility is decorated in the Chippendale and Queen Anne styles and features European, American, and Asian art.
Rose Ishbel Greely was an American landscape architect and the first female licensed architect in Washington, D.C.
Marian Cruger Coffin was an American landscape architect who became famous for designing numerous gardens for members of the East Coast elite. As a child, she received almost no formal education but was home-tutored while living with her maternal relatives in upstate New York. Coffin was determined to embark on a career despite the social problems that it would cause for a woman of her class and enrolled at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she studied between 1901–4 as one of only four women in architecture and landscape design.
Nellie Beatrice Osborn Allen (1874–1961) was an American landscape architect. She is known for her knot gardens.
Ruth Patricia Shellhorn, FASLA (1909–2006) was among the most important Southern California landscape architects of the post-war era. Shellhorn designed more than four hundred projects over the course of six decades. The most influential of these were the landscape designs she created for the new Bullock's department stores and Fashion Square shopping centers.These were modernist landscape designs, evoking a sun-soaked, leisurely lifestyle that came to epitomize the "Southern California look."
Helen Bullard was an American landscape architect. In 1918 she earned a B.S. in landscape architecture from Cornell University. She worked as William Manning's Boston office's chief plantsman and planting designer from 1921 until 1935. She became Junior Landscape Architect for the New York State Department of Public Works in 1938 and stayed there until her retirement in 1964. She was also a landscape architect for the 1939 New York World's Fair.
Clermont Huger Lee was a landscape architect from Savannah, Georgia, most known for her work designing gardens and parks for historical landmarks in the state. Specifically, Lee is known for her designs such as the Juliette Gordon Low Birthplace, Isaiah Davenport House and Owens-Thomas House. Lee assisted in founding of the Georgia State Board of Landscape Architects which serves as a licensing board for landscape architects throughout Georgia. She is considered one of the first women to establish their own private architecture practice in Georgia and was inducted into the Georgia Women of Achievement in 2017 and Savannah College of Art and Design's Savannah Women of Vision on February 14, 2020. SCAD honors Lee with a gold relief in its Arnold hall.
Ina Grace Tabor was an American landscape architect, designer, writer, and editor. She was one of the first women to identify herself professionally as a landscape architect. She is best known as the author on the subjects of landscape design and horticulture. She is the author of ten garden books, most of which were published between 1910 and 1921.
Susan Child (1928–2018) was an American landscape architect. She completed many residential, public, and historic preservation projects in New England.