Annie Luetkemeyer

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Annie Luetkemeyer
Annie Luetkemeyer, MD UCSF 01.jpg
Luetkemeyer in 2021
Born
Annie F. Luetkemeyer

(1972-04-13) April 13, 1972 (age 52)
Baltimore, Maryland U.S.
Education Stanford University
Harvard Medical School
OccupationInfectious diseases researcher
Years active1999–present
Relatives Julie Bowen (sister)

Annie F. Luetkemeyer (born April 13, 1972, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.) is an American physician and researcher who is Professor of Medicine and Infectious Diseases at the University of California, San Francisco. She specializes in infectious diseases, in particular tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus and viral hepatitis. [1] During the COVID-19 pandemic Luetkemeyer led a clinical trial of remdesivir. She has also researched treatment of COVID-19 as a co-infection with HIV.

Contents

Early life and education

Luetkemeyer was born on April 13, 1972 in Baltimore, Maryland, to Suzanne Luetkemeyer ( née Frey) and John Alexander Luetkemeyer Jr., a commercial real estate developer. She is the youngest of three sisters, one of whom is actress Julie Bowen. She grew up in Ruxton-Riderwood, Maryland. [2] In 1984, Luetkemeyer graduated from the Calvert School. [3]

In 1994, Luetkemeyer received an AB with distinction in American Studies from Stanford University. [4] In 1999, she received an M.D. in medicine from Harvard Medical School. [5] In 2002 and 2003, Luetkemeyer trained in internal medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. In 2006, she completed advance training in clinical research there, and then an infectious disease fellowship in 2007. [5]

Career

In 2012 Luetkemeyer called for investigations into the doses of medications used for the treatment of HIV infection and tuberculosis. [6] The Food and Drug Administration had rewritten the recommendations in 2012. In a series of small studies in Europe it had been shown that rifampicin, a drug used to treat tuberculosis, could limit the effectiveness of efavirenz, a drug used to treat HIV. The drugs interact through a liver enzyme (cytochrome P450) that is produced at elevated levels in patients who take rifampicin, and breaks down the efavirenz. To overcome this, the 2012 FDA recommendations proposed larger doses of efavirenz. Luetkemeyer argued that the recommendations were not appropriate for all populations in the United States, and could result in more drug toxicity. [6] She showed that increasing the dosage of efavirenz may cause more side effects—as well as coming at a greater financial cost. [6]

Dr Annie Luetkemeyer in 2021 Annie Luetkemeyer, MD UCSF 03.jpg
Dr Annie Luetkemeyer in 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Luetkemeyer led investigations into potential therapies for the disease. [7] [8] She is a member of the UCSF cross-campus COVID-19 task force. [9] In line with most official advice, Luetkemeyer called for older people and those with preexisting conditions to be more careful during the outbreak, as the virus "taxes all organ systems". [10] She studied which COVID-19 patients were most likely to benefit from treatment, when during the illness was the best time for treatment, and which types of treatment (antivirals or anti-inflammatories) were most appropriate. She has also outlined what pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis healthcare workers and household contacts can do to prevent disease spread. Luetkemeyer has called for more randomized controlled trials to assess the impact of hydroxychloroquine. [11] She led a clinical trial of the drug remdesivir with other researchers like Sarah Pett. [12] [13] [14] The San Francisco General Hospital SARS-CoV-2 guidelines recommend treatment only if patients are hospitalized or have strong risk factors for progression into severe disease.

Selected works and publications

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hepatitis C</span> Human viral infection

Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver; it is a type of viral hepatitis. During the initial infection period, people often have mild or no symptoms. Early symptoms can include fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, and yellow tinged skin. The virus persists in the liver, becoming chronic, in about 70% of those initially infected. Early on, chronic infection typically has no symptoms. Over many years however, it often leads to liver disease and occasionally cirrhosis. In some cases, those with cirrhosis will develop serious complications such as liver failure, liver cancer, or dilated blood vessels in the esophagus and stomach.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gilead Sciences</span> American pharmaceutical company

Gilead Sciences, Inc. is an American biopharmaceutical company headquartered in Foster City, California that focuses on researching and developing antiviral drugs used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, influenza, and COVID-19, including ledipasvir/sofosbuvir and sofosbuvir. Gilead is a member of the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index and the S&P 500.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) co-infection is a multi-faceted, chronic condition that significantly impacts public health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 2 to 15% of those infected with HIV are also affected by HCV, increasing their risk of morbidity and mortality due to accelerated liver disease. The burden of co-infection is especially high in certain high-risk groups, such as intravenous drug users and men who have sex with men. These individuals who are HIV-positive are commonly co-infected with HCV due to shared routes of transmission including, but not limited to, exposure to HIV-positive blood, sexual intercourse, and passage of the Hepatitis C virus from mother to infant during childbirth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sofosbuvir</span> Chemical compound

Sofosbuvir, sold under the brand name Sovaldi among others, is a medication used to treat hepatitis C. It is taken by mouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Simeprevir</span> Chemical compound

Simeprevir, sold under the brand name Olysio among others, is a medication used in combination with other medications for the treatment of hepatitis C. It is specifically used for hepatitis C genotype 1 and 4. Medications it is used with include sofosbuvir or ribavirin and peginterferon-alfa. Cure rates are in 80s to 90s percent. It may be used in those who also have HIV/AIDS. It is taken by mouth once daily for typically 12 weeks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir</span> Medication used to treat hepatitis C

Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir, sold under the trade name Harvoni among others, is a medication used to treat hepatitis C. It is a fixed-dose combination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir. Cure rates are 94% to 99% in people infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1. Some evidence also supports use in HCV genotype 3 and 4. It is taken daily by mouth for 8–24 weeks.

Elbasvir/grazoprevir, sold under the brand name Zepatier, is a fixed-dose combination for the treatment of hepatitis C, containing elbasvir and grazoprevir. It is used to treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 1 or 4 infection in both treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sofosbuvir/daclatasvir</span> Combination drug

Daclatasvir/sofosbuvir is a two-drug combination for the treatment of hepatitis C. It is given as a single daily pill containing daclatasvir, a viral NS5A inhibitor, and sofosbuvir, a nucleotide inhibitor of the viral RNA polymerase NS5B.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Remdesivir</span> Antiviral drug

Remdesivir, sold under the brand name Veklury, is a broad-spectrum antiviral medication developed by the biopharmaceutical company Gilead Sciences. It is administered via injection into a vein. During the COVID‑19 pandemic, remdesivir was approved or authorized for emergency use to treat COVID‑19 in numerous countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">COVID-19 drug repurposing research</span> Drug repurposing research related to COVID-19

Drug repositioning is the repurposing of an approved drug for the treatment of a different disease or medical condition than that for which it was originally developed. This is one line of scientific research which is being pursued to develop safe and effective COVID-19 treatments. Other research directions include the development of a COVID-19 vaccine and convalescent plasma transfusion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IDX-184</span> Chemical compound

IDX-184 is an antiviral drug which was developed as a treatment for hepatitis C, acting as a NS5B RNA polymerase inhibitor. While it showed reasonable effectiveness in early clinical trials it did not progress past Phase IIb. However research using this drug has continued as it shows potentially useful activity against other emerging viral diseases such as Zika virus, and coronaviruses including MERS, and SARS-CoV-2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GS-441524</span> Metabolite of remdesivir

GS-441524 is a nucleoside analogue antiviral drug which was developed by Gilead Sciences. It is the main plasma metabolite of the antiviral prodrug remdesivir, and has a half-life of around 24 hours in human patients. Remdesivir and GS-441524 were both found to be effective in vitro against feline coronavirus strains responsible for feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a lethal systemic disease affecting domestic cats. Remdesivir was never tested in cats, but GS-441524 has been found to be effective treatment for FIP.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Müge Çevik</span> Physician, infectious disease researcher and science communicator

Müge Çevik is a physician who is an infectious diseases researcher and science communicator at the University of St Andrews. Her research considers HIV, viral hepatitis, emerging infections and tropical infections in developing countries. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Çevik was an advisor to the Chief Medical Officer of Scotland and the World Health Organization, and is a member of New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group - an expert committee of the UK Department of Health advising Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies.

Sarah L. Pett is a Professor of Infectious Diseases at University College London. Pett is interested in the immunopathology of infections and the development of optimised treatment pathways for infections. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Pett led a clinical trial that investigated the efficacy of remdesivir as a treatment for coronavirus disease.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chloe Orkin</span> British physician

Chloe Meave Orkin is a British physician and Professor of HIV/AIDS medicine at Queen Mary University of London. She works as a consultant at the Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust. She is an internationally renowned expert in HIV therapeutics and led the first phase III clinical trial of injectable anti-retrovirals. She is immediate past Chair of the British HIV Association, where she championed the Undetectable=Untransmittable (U=U) campaign within the United Kingdom. She is president elect of the Medical Women's Federation. Orkin is gay and was on the Top 100 Lesbian influencer lists in both the UK and in the US in 2020. She considers herself a medical activist and much of her work focuses on inequalities in healthcare and in Medicine.

Onyema Eberechukwu Ogbuagu is an American-born infectious diseases physician, educator, researcher, and clinical trial investigator, who was raised and educated in Nigeria. He is an associate professor at Yale School of Medicine in New Haven, CT and is the director of the Yale AIDS Program clinical trials unit. His research contributions have focused on HIV/AIDS prevention and COVID-19 vaccination and treatment clinical trials. He switched his focus at the beginning of the 2019 COVID pandemic and participated as a principal investigator (PI) on the Pfizer-BioNtech COVID-19 vaccine trials and the Remdesivir SIMPLE trial in 2020 and 2021. In pursuit of his global health component of his career, Ogbuagu also supports postgraduate physician medical education programs in low and middle income countries in sub-Saharan Africa in Rwanda (2013–2018) and Liberia as well as HIV treatment programs in Liberia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bemnifosbuvir</span> Chemical compound

Bemnifosbuvir is an antiviral drug invented by Atea Pharmaceuticals and licensed to Roche for clinical development, a novel nucleotide analog prodrug originally developed for the treatment of hepatitis C. Bemnifosbuvir is the orally bioavailable hemisulfate salt of AT-511, which is metabolized in several steps to the active nucleotide triphosphate AT-9010, acting as an RNA polymerase inhibitor and thereby interfering with viral replication. Bemnifosbuvir has been researched for the treatment of coronavirus diseases such as that produced by SARS-CoV-2. It showed good results in early clinical trials but had inconsistent results at later stages. Bemnifosbuvir's Phase III study ended early as it failed to meet its primary endpoint of symptom alleviation and did not decrease viral load. However, the drug was well-tolerated and reduced relative hospitalization risk by 71%.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Initiative for Medicines, Access, and Knowledge</span> Nonprofit organization

The Initiative for Medicines, Access, and Knowledge, known as I-MAK, is a U.S.-based global 501(c)(3) organization that advocates in the public interest for affordable access to medicines, and a medicines system that is more inclusive of patients and the public.

Marie-Carmelle Elie is an American emergency physician who is Professor and Chair of Emergency Medicine at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. She was elected Fellow of the National Academy of Medicine in 2022.

Catherine Ann Malcolm Stedman is a New Zealand pharmacologist and gastroenterologist, and is a clinical professor at the University of Otago, specialising in hepatitis C drug development. She is the first woman gastroenterologist to become a professor of medicine in New Zealand.

References

  1. ↑ Luetkemeyer, Annie (August 2, 2016). "Hepatitis C is Curable". KQED.
  2. ↑ Marbella, Jean (September 12, 2010). "Julie Bowen's modern life". The Baltimore Sun.
  3. ↑ "The Illustrious Luetkemeyer Girls". Reflections 2012. XIX (1). Calvert School: 16–19. Fall 2012.
  4. ↑ "Anne F. Luetkemeyer, MD". IAS-USA. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  5. 1 2 "Annie Luetkemeyer | UCSF Profiles". profiles.ucsf.edu. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  6. 1 2 3 Bardi, Jason (July 23, 2012). "UCSF/SFGH Researchers Call for Change in New FDA Recommendation on HIV and TB Drug Doses". University of California, San Francisco.
  7. ↑ Wachter, Robert; Luetkemeyer, Annie (March 15, 2020). "Treatment options for COVID-19: Dr. Annie Luetkemeyer". The Hospitalist.
  8. ↑ Kupferschmidt, Kai (April 7, 2020). "Trials of drugs to prevent coronavirus infection begin in health care workers". Science | AAAS. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  9. ↑ "About the Cross-campus Infectious Disease COVID-19 Task Force | HIV, ID and Global Medicine". hividgm.ucsf.edu. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  10. ↑ Hafner, Katie (March 14, 2020). "How to Protect Older People From the Coronavirus". The New York Times.
  11. ↑ "What scientists do and don't know about treating coronavirus". National Geographic. March 25, 2020. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
  12. ↑ Beigel, John H.; Tomashek, Kay M.; Dodd, Lori E.; Mehta, Aneesh K.; Zingman, Barry S.; Kalil, Andre C.; Hohmann, Elizabeth; Chu, Helen Y.; Luetkemeyer, Annie; Kline, Susan; Lopez de Castilla, Diego; Finberg, Robert W.; Dierberg, Kerry; Tapson, Victor; Hsieh, Lanny; Patterson, Thomas F.; Paredes, Roger; Sweeney, Daniel A.; Short, William R.; Touloumi, Giota; Lye, David Chien; Ohmagari, Norio; Oh, Myoung-don; Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.; Benfield, Thomas; Fätkenheuer, Gerd; Kortepeter, Mark G.; Atmar, Robert L.; Creech, C. Buddy; Lundgren, Jens; Babiker, Abdel G.; Pett, Sarah; Neaton, James D.; Burgess, Timothy H.; Bonnett, Tyler; Green, Michelle; Makowski, Mat; Osinusi, Anu; Nayak, Seema; Lane, H. Clifford; ACTT-1 Study Group, Members (November 5, 2020). "Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 — Final Report". New England Journal of Medicine. 383 (19): 1813–1826. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2007764. PMC   7262788 . PMID   32445440.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  13. ↑ "UCSF's noon grand rounds: A slow reopening, racial disparities and no quick remedies". Mission Local. April 17, 2020. Retrieved April 19, 2020.
  14. ↑ "Anti-viral Remdesivir, Wall Street's darling, may not even work against COVID-19". Mission Local. April 18, 2020. Retrieved April 19, 2020.
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