Aquaretic

An aquaretic is a novel class of drug that is used to promote aquaresis, the excretion of water without electrolyte loss. ^[1] Strictly speaking, aquaretics are not diuretics but are sometimes classified as such.

Aquaresis is preferable to diuresis in the treatment of hyponatremia.^{[ citation needed ]}

Pharmacokinetics

Aquaretics increase urine output without increasing sodium and chloride excretion, thus causing an increase in urine whilst retaining electrolytes. ^[2]

Examples

A number of herbal medicines are classified as aquaretics, for example common horsetail or common nettle leaves. ^[3]

Synthetic aquaretics are vasopressin receptor antagonists and include conivaptan, tolvaptan, demeclocycline, and mozavaptan (OPC-31260), as well as lithium. Conivaptan hydrochloride and tolvaptan have been approved by the FDA for treating syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. ^{[4] [5]} Mozavaptan is approved in Japan.^{[ citation needed ]}

References

1. Nicholas H. Fiebach; Lee Randol Barker (2007). Principles of Ambulatory Medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 1390. ISBN   978-0-7817-6227-4.
2. George M. Brenner; Craig W. Stevens (2013). Pharmacology. Elsevier Inc. pp. 120–129. ISBN   978-1455702824.
3. Lucinda G. Miller; Wallace J. Murray (1998). Herbal Medicinals: A Clinician's Guide . Haworth Press. pp.  147. ISBN   0-7890-0466-6.
4. "Vaprisol" (PDF). fda.gov. 31 December 2005. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
5. "Samsca" (PDF). fda.gov. 31 May 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2017. Retrieved 6 January 2019.