Albania is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic,where the President of Albania is the head of state and the Prime Minister of Albania the head of government in a multi-party system. The executive power is exercised by the Government and the Prime Minister with its Cabinet. Legislative power is vested in the Parliament of Albania. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The political system of Albania is laid out in the 1998 constitution. The Parliament adopted the current constitution on 28 November 1998. Due to political instability,the country has had many constitutions during its history. Albania was initially constituted as a monarchy in 1913,briefly a republic in 1925,then it returned to a democratic monarchy in 1928. It later became a socialist republic until the restoration of capitalism and democracy in 1992.
Sali Ram Berisha is an Albanian Conservative and Traditionalist politician and former cardiologist who served as the second President of Albania from 1992 to 1997 and Prime Minister from 2005 to 2013. He is also the current chairman of the Democratic Party of Albania which has been disputed.
The president of Albania,officially styled the President of the Republic of Albania,is the head of state,commander-in-chief of the military and the representative of the unity of the Albanian people.
Fatos Nano is an Albanian socialist politician who served as Prime Minister of Albania in 1991,from 1997 to 1998 and from 2002 to 2005. He was the first leader and founder of the Socialist Party of Albania and a member of the Albanian Parliament from 1991 to 1996 and 1997 to 2009. He reformed the anti-revisionist Marxist-Leninist ideology of the Labor Party of Albania into social democracy for its successor,the Socialist Party. During his leadership,the Socialist Party,as a result of reforms,joined the Socialist International and Party of European Socialists. Nano was a candidate in the 2007 presidential election but did not win. He again tried in the 2012 presidential election,but he did not even qualify as a candidate,because the leaders of parties in Parliament obstructed their respective MPs to elect him as candidate in the elections.
Branko Crvenkovski is a Macedonian politician who served as Prime Minister of Macedonia from 1992 to 1998 and again from 2002 to 2004,and as President of Macedonia from 2004 to 2009. He was also leader of the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia.
The Democratic Party of Albania is a conservative political party in Albania. Since 2013,they have been the largest opposition party in the country.
Azem Shpend Hajdari was the leader of the student movement in 1990–1991 that led to the fall of communism in Albania. He then became a politician of the Democratic Party of Albania (DP). He symbolizes the start of the democratic era in Albania. He was a member of the Albanian parliament and the Chairman of the Defence Parliamentary Commission. He was assassinated in Tirana on September 12,1998.
Regular elections in Albania are mandated by the Constitution and legislation enacted by Parliament. The Parliament (Kuvendi) has 140 members elected for four-year terms. The electoral system is closed list proportional representation. There are 12 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the country's 12 administrative regions. Within any constituency,parties must meet a threshold of 3 percent of votes,and pre-election coalitions must meet a threshold of 5 percent of votes.
Ilir Rexhep Meta is an Albanian politician who has served as President of Albania since 24 July 2017.
Archbishop Anastasi of Tirana,Durrës and All Albania is the Archbishop of Tirana,Durrës and All Albania and as such the primate and Head of the Holy Synod of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Albania. He was elected in June 1992. Professor Emeritus of the National University of Athens. Honorary Member of the Academy of Athens. Anastasi is one of the presidents of the Central Committee of the World Council of Churches. He is also the honorary president of the World Conference of Religions for Peace.
Arben Minga was an Albanian professional footballer,who played as a striker and later in his final years as a centre-back.
The fall of Communism in Albania,the last such event in Europe outside the Soviet Union,started in December 1990 with student demonstrations in the capital,Tirana,although protests started in January that year in other cities like Shkodra and Kavaja. The Central Committee of the communist Party of Labour of Albania allowed political pluralism on 11 December and the largest opposition party,the Democratic Party,was founded the next day. March 1991 elections left the Party of Labour in power,but a general strike and urban opposition led to the formation of a "stability government" that included non-communists. Albania's former communists were routed in elections in March 1992 amid economic collapse and social unrest,with the Democratic Party winning most seats and its party head,Sali Berisha,becoming president.
In 1991,the Socialist Party of Albania,with specific social democratic ideology took control of the country through democratic elections. One year later the Democratic Party of Albania won the new elections. After 1990,Albania has been seeking a closer relationship with the West. What followed were deliberate programs of economic and democratic reform,but Albanian inexperience with capitalism led to the proliferation of pyramid schemes –which were not banned due to the corruption of the government. Chaos in late 1996 to early 1997,as a result of the collapse of these pyramid schemes,alarmed the world and prompted the influx of international peacekeeping forces. In 1995,Albania was accepted into the Council of Europe and requested membership in NATO and is a potential candidate country for accession to the European Union. The workforce of Albania has continued to emigrate to Western countries,especially Greece and Italy.
Arben Fahri Imami is an Albanian politician and former actor. He served as the minister of defense between 2009 and 2013.
Arben Malaj has been Minister of Finance and Economy in the Republic of Albania different times from 1997 until 2005. He is known for transforming the Albanian economy into a European profile,after the hard social-economic crisis that this country passed during the year 1997. He served as a Member of the Albanian Parliament from 1997 to 2013 chairing the Parliamentary Committee on Economy and Finance.
The Albanian local elections of 2011 took place on 8 May 2011 in Albania. Electors were asked to elect their municipality's mayor,municipal council members,municipal unit mayor,and municipal unit members. The elections were administrated by the Central Election Commission of Albania. Only 9 of the 384 winning candidates were women.
The Municipal Council of Tirana is the legislative body of Tirana,Albania. As of 2019 it consists of 61 members who serve a 4-year term. The members of the council are elected in local elections and the last elections were won by the Socialist Party. The member of the council elects the Chairman of the council. During the 2019–2021 Albanian political crisis members from the opposition had boycotted the election. Which resulted in a Socialist Party landslide.
Blendi Klosi is an Albanian Socialist Party politician and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Berat. On 13 September 2017,Mr. Klosi was appointed as Minister of Tourism and Environment by the 2nd Rama government.
Arben Ahmetaj is an Albanian politician who currently is serving as the Deputy Prime Minister of Albania since 18 September 2021. Since 2013 previously has served in several important departments such as:Minister of Economic Development,Minister of Finance,as well as Minister of State for Reconstruction after the devastating earthquake in 2019 that occurred in the central area of the country.
Parliamentary elections were held in Albania on 25 April 2021. It took place during the COVID-19 epidemic.
