The Judiciary of Indonesia constitutionally consists of the Supreme Court of Indonesia,the Constitutional Court of Indonesia,and the lesser court system under the Supreme Court. These lesser courts are categorically subdivided into the public courts,religious courts,state administrative courts,and military courts.
The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia is one of the apex courts in Indonesia along with the Indonesian Supreme Court. Its primary role is reviewing the constitutionality of Acts (undang-undang). It also has other functions,including resolving disputes over the powers of state institutions,settling disputes over the results of general elections,deciding on the dissolution of political parties,and supervising impeachment. The last two functions have never been exercised by the Court.
The Judicial Commission of Indonesia was established as a consequence of the third amendment to the Constitution of Indonesia ratified by the Indonesian People's Consultative Assembly on 9 November 2001. The Commission's duty is to monitor the performance of judges,advise the House of Representatives on judicial appointments and review community complaints about the behavior and fairness of presiding judges.
Mohammad Mahfud Mahmodin,commonly known as Mahfud MD,is an Indonesian politician,and legal academic who served as the 14th Coordinating Minister for Political,Legal,and Security Affairs of Indonesia from 2019 to 2024. He also previously served as the Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia,member of the People's Representative Council,Minister of Defense,and Minister of Law and Human Rights.
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 9 July 2014,with former general Prabowo Subianto contesting the elections against the governor of Jakarta,Joko Widodo;incumbent president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was constitutionally barred from seeking a third term in office. On 22 July the General Elections Commission (KPU) announced Joko Widodo's victory. He and his vice president,Jusuf Kalla,were sworn-in on 20 October 2014,for a five-year term.
Patrialis Akbar is an advocate and politician who was member of the Constitutional Court Justice of the Indonesian Constitutional Court for the period 2013–2017 from Padang,West Sumatra. He has a complete career in three branches of state,legislative,executive and judicial power. He had served as a member of the House of Representatives for two periods.
Maria Farida Indrati is a former justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia for two terms. During her both terms,she was the only woman among the Court's nine members.
Jimly Asshiddiqie is an Indonesian academic who served as the first chief justice of Indonesia's Constitutional Court from 2003 to 2008.
Hamdan Zoelva is an Indonesian politician and lawyer. He was the chief justice of the Indonesian Constitutional Court from 2013 to 2015,replacing Akil Mochtar whose appointment was terminated on bribery case during election dispute in Lebak Regency,Banten. He also has served as former leaders of the Crescent Star Party.
The chief justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia is the head of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia.
The Deputy Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia is the second highest-ranking official serving on the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. Like the Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia,the Deputy Chief Justice is elected by the nine serving justices on the court from among their number.
Anwar Usman is an Indonesian judge and jurist who was the sixth Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. He was elected to the position on 2 April 2018,replacing Arief Hidayat. He previously served as the fifth Deputy Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. Usman served on the Constitutional Court for four years prior to his confirmation as Deputy Chief Justice. Before replacing Arsyad Sanusi as a sitting justice on the court in April 2011,Usman was a high court judge in Jakarta as well as the manager of human resources at the Supreme Court of Indonesia.
Achmad Sodiki was the second Deputy Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. He is also a professor of law at University of Brawijaya,specializing in agrarian law.
Muhammad Alim was an Indonesian judge and a justice on the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. A career judge,Alim was appointed to the Constitutional Court by former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia Bagir Manan in 2008. Alim earned his undergraduate degree from Hasanuddin University in his home province of South Sulawesi,and his master's degree and PhD in constitutional law from the Islamic University of Indonesia in Yogyakarta.
Suhartoyo is currently the Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia,a position that he has held since November 2023. He ascended to the leadership of the Court following the demotion of Anwar Usman after the Court's Honorary Council found that he had committed ethical violations,which cleared the way for President Joko Widodo’s eldest son to run for vice president in 2024.
I Dewa Gede Palguna is a constitutional law academic who served two terms as a justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. He holds the record for having been the youngest ever justice of the Indonesian Constitutional Court. In February 2020,he was appointed to the ethics council of Indonesia's Child Protection Commission.
Manahan Sitompul is an Indonesian judge who formerly served as one of the justices of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia.
Arsul Sani is an Indonesian politician who is currently serving as a justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. He was appointed a judge to replace Justice Wahiduddin Adams who retired in January 2024.
Saldi Isra is an Indonesian jurist and law professor. In April 2017,he became a Justice of the Indonesian Constitutional Court,one of the nation's two top courts. Prior to becoming Constitutional Court Justice,he was a professor of constitutional law at the Andalas University in his native West Sumatra. Throughout his academic career,he received awards in connection to his efforts against corruption in Indonesia.
Wahidin Halim is an Indonesian politician who is the formerly Governor of Banten,having held that position since 2017 to 2022. Before being elected to the office,Halim had spent two years as a legislator and ten years as the mayor of Tangerang.
