Ashok Gadgil

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Ashok Gadgil
Ashok Gadgil -- photo.jpg
Alma mater
Awards
Academic career
Institutions

Ashok Gadgil (born November 15, 1950, in Mumbai, India) [1] Is the Andrew and Virginia Rudd Family Foundation Distinguished Chair and Professor of Safe Water and Sanitation at the University of California, Berkeley. [2] He is a Faculty Senior Scientist and has served as director of the Energy and Environmental Technologies Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. [3]

Contents

Gadgil specializes in heat transfer, fluid dynamics, and technology design for development. He has substantial experience in technical, economic, and policy research on energy efficiency and its implementation - particularly in developing countries. Three of his best-known technologies for the developing-world are "UV Waterworks" (a simple, effective, and inexpensive disinfection system for drinking water), the "Berkeley-Darfur Stove" (a low-cost sheet-metal stove that saves fuelwood in internally displaced person's camps in Darfur), and ECAR (ElectroChemical Arsenic Removal) for removing arsenic from water. [3] Gadgil advocates for immediate and strategic action on the part of the research community to apply current scientific knowledge to address world-wide issues relating to climate change. [4]

Education

Gadgil holds a physics degree from the University of Mumbai, an M.Sc. in physics from Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, and an M.Sc. (1975) and Ph.D. (1979) in physics from the University of California, Berkeley. [5] After completing his Ph.D. he spent 5 years working for a non-profit in India before returning to Berkeley. [6]

Career

Gadgil Is the Andrew and Virginia Rudd Family Foundation Distinguished Chair and Professor of Safe Water and Sanitation at the University of California, Berkeley. [2] He also has been distinguished professor of civil and environmental engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. At Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Gadgil is a faculty senior scientist, and former director of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division [3] (2009–2015). [7] From 2012 to 2022, Gadgil was the faculty director of the Development Impact Lab at UC Berkeley. He has taught graduate courses at UC Berkeley since 2006 [8] addressing topics such as “Design for Sustainable Communities,” and “Technology and Sustainability”. [9]

Gadgil has served as editor of the journal Annual Review of Environment and Resources since 2009. [10] Gadgil and Paul Gertler were the founding editors of the Open Access journal Development Engineering, first published by Elsevier in 2016. [11] [12]

In 1998 and again in 2006, Gadgil was invited by the Smithsonian Institution's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation to speak at the National Museum of American History about his life and work. [13]

In September 2022, Springer published an Open Access graduate-level textbook Co-Edited by Gadgil, Introduction to Development Engineering: A Framework with Applications from the Field, freely downloadable from the Springer website.

Research

External videos
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg “Empathy and Efficiency: The Ashok Gadgil Story”, June 7, 2019
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg TDSAA “A chat with Prof. Ashok Gadgil”, January 24, 2017
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg TEDxGoldenGateED - Ashok Gadgil, October 24, 2011

Gadgil led a group of about 20 researchers at LBNL conducting experimental and modeling research in indoor airflow and pollutant transport. [14] Most of that work was focused on reducing indoor radon concentrations in individual houses, [15] and protecting office-building occupants from the threat of chemical and biological attacks. [16]

In early 1990s, he analyzed the potential for large utility-sponsored projects to promote energy efficient electric lighting in poor households in developing countries, then teamed up with others to design and demonstrate such projects. These have become commonplace in dozens of developing countries since 2000 onward, saving billions of dollars annually to their economies. [6] [17]

“Every time there is a wicked problem, we should look for what are the wrong-headed incentives that keep it in place... You need to understand the feedback loops that are often complex and interacting that allow a wicked problem to persist. You need to find a way to cut the Gordian knot." Ashok Gadgil [6]

In recent years, he has worked on ways to inexpensively remove arsenic from groundwater used for drinking, and clean-burning biomass stoves, including design, production, and dissemination of the improved cookstoves for Darfur (Sudan) refugees. Reducing the amount of fuel needed has helped to protect women from assault, for which they are at risk while foraging for fuel. [5]

Gadgil has authored or co-authored at least 213 papers which are cited at least 3,805 times. [18] He was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2013 for engineering solutions to the problems of potable water and energy in developing countries. [19]

“I tell my students, if you want to take on a problem, take on a problem of scale where if you are successful, you make a real impact.” Ashok Gadgil [9]

UV Waterworks

External videos
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg “Helping People Across the World: The Ashok Gadgil Story”, May 28, 2014
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg “Ashok Gadgil & team - UV water disinfection device (ceremony)”, July 14, 2021.

UV Waterworks uses the UV light emitted by a low-pressure mercury discharge (similar to that in a fluorescent lamp) to disinfect drinking water. Effective disinfection at affordable cost is the primary and most important feature of UV Waterworks—allowing an entire system (including costs of pumps, filters, tanks, housing-structure, consumables, and employee salaries for operation) to sell drinking water at about 2 cents US for 12 liters even in deep rural areas, where personal incomes are commonly less than $1 US per day. [20]

This business model, developed and implemented by WaterHealth International, makes safe drinking water affordable and accessible to even poor communities in developing countries. As of 2019 it provided safe drinking water for 26-29 million people in India and Africa. [5] For UV Waterworks, Gadgil received the Discover Award in 1996 for the most significant environmental invention of the year, as well as the Popular Science Award for "Best of What is New - 1996". [6]

Darfur Stoves Project

External videos
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg “The Tech Awards 2013 laureate: The Darfur Stoves Project”, November 14, 2013.

The Darfur Stoves Project seeks to protect Darfuri women by providing them with specially developed stoves which require less firewood, hence decreasing women’s exposure to violence while collecting firewood and their need to trade food rations for fuel. [5] The stoves were developed with input from the women who would use them, enabling the designers to ensure that they would not tip over and that they would cook at an appropriate heat. [21]

The Darfur Stoves Project is the first initiative of the nonprofit organization, Potential Energy. Gadgil is a co-Founder and served as Board Chair of Potential Energy till 2015. [22] Potential Energy's mission is to adapt and scale technologies that improve lives in developing countries. The Darfur Stoves Project collaborates with international organizations such as Oxfam America [23] and the Sudanese organization, Sustainable Action Group (SAG). [24] As of 2018, Potential Energy had distributed over 40,000 stoves to women in Darfur, Sudan. [5] A single stove can last more than five years, saving 15-30% of a family's fuel costs, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions by two metric tons per year. [20]

ECAR

External videos
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg “ElectroChemical Arsenic Remediation (ECAR)”, January 9, 2017.
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg Electrochemical Arsenic Remediation by Gadgil Lab for Energy and Water Research , April 9, 2014

ECAR (ElectroChemical Arsenic Removal) is a simple technology for removing arsenic from drinking water [3] with a low-voltage electric current and iron electrodes. ECAR purifies water above WHO standards at a cost of about 0.08 cents per liter, and was tested in the field in West Bengal in 2012. In 2013, it was licensed by an Indian water company for further development. [20] [25]

Documentaries

Ashok Gadgil is featured in Irena Salina's feature documentary Flow: For Love of Water (2008) [26] [27] and Michael Apted's award-winning 1999 documentary Me and Isaac Newton. [28]

Awards (Selected List)

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References

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  2. 1 2 "Ashok Gadgil". Civil and Environmental Engineering. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Ashok Gadgil". Curry Stone Foundation. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  4. ↑ Gadgil, Ashok; Tomich, Thomas (July 11, 2022). "Failing to act on climate change is robbing future generations of choices". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Ashok Gadgil: A Legacy of Innovation". National Inventors Hall of Fame. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Ravven, Wallace (April 25, 2016). "The search for smarter energy and water strategies | Research UC Berkeley". Berkeley News. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  7. ↑ "Ashok Gadgil is the New Director of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division | Energy Technology Area". Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. August 19, 2010. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  8. ↑ "About the authors". Introduction to Development Engineering: A Framework with Applications from the Field. [S.l.]: Springer. 2022. ISBN   978-3-030-86064-6.
  9. 1 2 3 "Dr. Ashok Gadgil". Lemelson-MIT. 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  10. ↑ "Preface". Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 34. 2009. doi:10.1146/annurev.eg.34.101209.100011.
  11. ↑ Amrose, Susan; Bilton, Amy M.; Kramer, Berber (2021). "The future of development engineering - Our vision for the next generation of publications in DevEng". Development Engineering. 6: 100059. doi: 10.1016/j.deveng.2021.100059 . S2CID   234140743 . Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  12. ↑ "Editorial-Board" . Retrieved 26 January 2022.
  13. ↑ Smithsonian Lemelson Center (10 May 2006). "Podcast: Ashok Gadgil's Thirst to Save Lives, Part 1 (of 2)". Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  14. 1 2 "The 15th Heinz Awards, Ashok Gadgil profile". The Heinz Awards. 2009. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
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  16. ↑ Price, Phillip N.; Sohn, Michael D.; Gadgil, Ashok J.; Delp, William W.; Lorenzetti, David M.; Finlayson, Elizabeth U.; Thatcher, Tracy L.; Sextro, Richard G.; Derby, Elisabeth A.; Jarvis, Sondra A. (29 January 2003). "Protecting buildings from a biological or chemical attack: Actions to take before or during a release".
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  18. ↑ "Ashok J. Gadgil | 213 Publications | 4966 Citations | Related Authors". SciSpace - Author. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  19. 1 2 "EETD's Ashok Gadgil Elected to National Academy of Engineering". Today at Berkeley Lab. February 8, 2013. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
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  21. ↑ "Fresher cookers" (PDF). Technology Quarterly. December 6, 2008. pp. 1–2. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  22. ↑ "Potential Energy Annual Report 2012" (PDF). Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  23. ↑ McCabe, Coco (May 22, 2009). "With wood scarce in Darfur, a new stove promises good things for women and the environment". Oxfam America. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  24. 1 2 Ward, Logan (1 October 2007). "Efficient Cookstove Saves Refugee Lives in Sudan's Darfur Region". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  25. ↑ Addy, Susan Amrose (1 January 2008). Electrochemical arsenic remediation for rural Bangladesh. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). doi:10.2172/946461.
  26. ↑ Marris, Emma (March 2008). "Water policy in the can". Nature. 452 (7185): 288. doi: 10.1038/452288a . ISSN   1476-4687. S2CID   7299704.
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  38. ↑ "R&D Awards for Energy Technologies Area | Building Technology and Urban Systems Division". Energy Technologies Area, Berkeley Lab. November 9, 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  39. ↑ "2015 Leo Szilard Lectureship Award Recipient". American Physical Society. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  40. ↑ "Prize Council Announces Winners for the 5th Award". PSIPW Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water- جائزة الأمير سلطان بن عبد العزيز ا ئزة الأمير سلطان بن عبد العزيز العالمية للمياه. 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  41. 1 2 "Past Laureates". The Tech Interactive. 1 September 2015. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
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  44. ↑ "APS Fellow Archive". APS. Retrieved 18 September 2020.
  45. ↑ "Berkeley Lab Researchers Win Three Popular Science "Best of What's New" Awards - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Press release | LegiStorm". www.legistorm.com. November 12, 1996. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
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