Mohammad-Taqi Bahar, widely known as Malek osh-Sho'arā and Malek osh-Sho'arā Bahār, was a renowned Iranian poet, scholar, politician, journalist, historian and Professor of Literature. Although he was a 20th-century poet, his poems are fairly traditional and strongly nationalistic in character. Bahar was father of prominent Iranist, linguist, mythologist and Persian historian Mehrdad Bahar.
Ahmad Shah Qajar was the Shah of Persia (Iran) from 16 July 1909 to 15 December 1925, and the last ruling member of the Qajar dynasty.
Razavi Khorasan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in northeastern Iran. Its capital is the city of Mashhad, the second-most-populous city in Iran.
Shahrokh Mirza, better known by his dynastic title of Shahrokh Shah was the Afsharid king (shah) of the western part of Khorasan from 1748 to 1796, with a two-month interruption. A grandson of the Iranian conqueror Nader Shah, Shahrokh was the son of Reza Qoli Mirza Afshar and his Safavid wife Fatemeh Soltan Begom, who was the sister of Tahmasp II, the penultimate Safavid shah of Iran. Shahrokh's half-Safavid descent made him stand out amongst his Afsharid relatives, and was used to bolster the legitimacy of his grandfather. After the assassination of Nader Shah in 1747, his nephew Ali-qoli Khan, ascended the throne in Mashhad and had all of Nader Shah's descendants in fortress of Kalat massacred. Shahrokh was spared in case his Safavid lineage would come to use, and was instead kept in the fortress as a prisoner. While Adel Shah was battling his rebellious younger brother Ebrahim Mirza, a party of Turkic, Kurdish, and Arab tribal leaders took advantage of his absence and installed Shahrokh on the throne. Both Adel Shah and Ebrahim were eventually defeated and killed, but Shahrokh was not long afterwards overthrown by a party of dissident tribal leaders, who installed the Safavid pretender Mir Sayyed Mohammad on the throne. Shahrokh was soon blinded at the instigation of Mir Alam Khan Khuzayma and other leading nobles, much against Suleiman II's will.
Torbat-e Heydarieh is a city in the Central District of Torbat-e Heydarieh County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. The closest major city to Torbat is Mashhad, 157 km away.
Mohammad-Taqi Khan Pessian, more commonly known as Colonel Pessian, was an Iranian gendarme, fighter pilot and warlord who formed and led the short-lived Autonomous Government of Khorasan in 1921. He was killed in a battle with forces sent by Ahmad Qavam, the prime minister at the time.
Lieutenant general Ahmad Amir-Ahmadi was an Iranian military leader and cabinet Minister of Iran.
Torbat-e Jam is a city in the Central District of Torbat-e Jam County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is one of the ancient cities of Greater Khorasan.
Nadir Mirza Afshar was the great-grandson of Nader Shah, the founder of the Afsharid dynasty of Persia. He was the fourth son of Shahrukh Afshar, emperor of Khorasan.
Fereydun Mirza was a Qajar prince, governor and poet in 19th-century Iran. The fifth son of Abbas Mirza, he held the governorship of Tabriz (1833–1834), Fars (1836–1840), and Khorasan (1851–1854).
The Persian campaign or invasion of Iran was a series of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire, British Empire and Russian Empire in various areas of what was then neutral Qajar Iran, beginning in December 1914 and ending with the Armistice of Mudros on 30 October 1918, as part of the Middle Eastern Theatre of World War I. The fighting also involved local Persian units, who fought against the Entente and Ottoman forces in Iran. The conflict proved to be a devastating experience for Persia. Over 2 million Persian civilians died in the conflict, mostly due to the Armenian genocide by the Ottoman regime and Persian famine of 1917–1919, influenced by British and Russian actions. The Qajar government's inability to maintain the country's sovereignty during and immediately after the First World War led to a coup d'état in 1921 and Reza Shah's establishment of the Pahlavi dynasty.
The Karai, Qarai, or Qara ("Black") Tartars are a Turkic tribe found in Khorasan, Azerbaijan, Kerman, and Fars.
Eshaq Khan Qaraei-Torbati, was one of the wealthiest and most powerful chieftains in Khorasan during the reigns of Agha Mohammad Khan and Fath Ali Shah. He was fluent in Persian and Arabic.
Sardar Mohammad Khan Qaraei-Torbati, was one of the wealthiest and most powerful chieftains in Khorasan during the reigns of Fath Ali Shah. He was admired by his friends and cursed by his foes.
1921 Persian coup d'état, known in Iran as 3 Esfand 1299 coup d'état, refers to several major events in Qajar Persia in 1921, which eventually led to the deposition of the Qajar dynasty and the establishment of the Pahlavi Empire as the ruling house of the country in 1925.
Haydar Khan Amo-oghliTariverdi was an Iranian left-wing revolutionary, key figure during the Persian Constitutional Revolution and among the founders of the Communist Party of Persia.
The Ghavam (Qavam)family (Persian: خاندان قوام شیرازی) was an Iranian family in the Qajar era (1785–1925). They were descendants of Haj Ebrahim Khan Kalantar. British secret documents and Nasser Al Din Shah Qajar believed that the family was Jewish. Due to the family's wealth and political power, it was often said in Shiraz that "Before Reza Shah, Qavams were Shah here." The surname Ghavam is borrowed from honorific title Ghavam-al-saltaneh from Qajar court, which means pillar or continuation of Kingdom.
The Khanate of Nishapur, also known as the Qara Bayat Amirdom, was a semi-independent state ruled by the Bayat tribe that existed in Khorasan from 1747 to 1800, whose capital was in the city of Nishapur.
The Imperial Russian involvement in the Persian Constitutional Revolution was to support the authoritarian faction led by Mohammad Ali Shah to defeat the constitutionalists. Until 20 April 1909, when the Russian army under Major General I. Snarsky occupied Tabriz to protect the Russian consuls, the Russian Empire indirectly supported Ali Shah and the authoritarian faction. Support from the Russian Empire included sending weapons, lending money to Colonel Vladimir Liakhov, the commander of the Persian Cossack Brigade, and a large-scale propaganda machine against the constitutionalist leaders.
The Principality of Herat, the Emirate of Herat, the Herat Khanate or simply Herat was a state in Afghanistan from 1793 to 1863, and one of the three main khanates that existed in 19th century Afghanistan after the breakup of the Durrani Empire.
