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Iyengar or Ayyangar or Aiyengar is a caste of Tamil-speaking Hindu Brahmins whose members follow Sri Vaishnavism and the Visishtadvaita philosophy propounded by Ramanuja. Found mostly in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, Iyengars are divided into two sects, the Vadakalai and the Thenkalai. As with other Brahmin communities, they are also classified based on their gotra, or patrilineal descent, and the Veda they follow. Iyengars belong to the Pancha Dravida Brahmana sub-classification of Brahmins.
Hayagriva, also spelt Hayagreeva, is a horse-headed avatar of the Lord Vishnu in Hinduism.
The Saraswats are a sub-group of Hindu Brahmins of India who trace their ancestry to the banks of the Rigvedic Sarasvati River. The Saraswat Brahmins are mentioned as one of the five Pancha Gauda Brahmin communities.
Deshastha Brahmins are a Hindu Brahmin subcaste mainly from the Indian state of Maharashtra and northern area of the state of Karnataka. The word Deshastha derives from the Sanskrit deśa and stha (resident), literally translating to "residents of the country". The valleys of the Krishna and the Godavari rivers, and a part of Deccan plateau adjacent to the Western Ghats, are collectively termed the Desha – the original home of the Deshastha Brahmins. In Tamil Nadu, Deshastha Brahmins are also referred as Rayar Brahmins.
Karhaḍe Brahmins are a Hindu Brahmin sub-caste mainly from the Indian state of Maharashtra.
Telugu Brahmins are Brahmin communities native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Karnataka Brahmins or Carnatic Brahmins are Pancha Dravida Brahmin communities native to the Indian state of Karnataka.They are classified into two sub-divisions based on their places of origin in Karnataka, "Kannada Nadu" and "Tulu Nadu". The Karnataka Brahmins from Kannada Nadu region speak Kannada and are known as Kannada Brahmins, while the Karnataka Brahmins from Tulu Nadu region of Karnataka speak Tulu and are known as Tuluva Brahmins.
The Sankethi people are a South Indian Smartha Brahmin community located in Karnataka, India, mostly in villages in the south of the state. They speak a Dravidian language known as Sankethi, which is related to Tamil and Kannada. Their traditional occupation is agriculture, engaging in the cultivation of crops such as areca nuts, palm nuts, tobacco, bananas, and coconuts. The community has traditionally adhered to Advaita Vedanta and maintains the ancient practice of avadhanam, as well as having a long tradition in Carnatic classical music.
The Shivalli Brahmins are a Hindu community in Tulu Nadu. They are divided into two groups, the first of which follows the Dvaita philosophy founded by the Vaishnava saint Madhvacharya of Udupi are called Shivalli Madhva Brahmins, and the second of which follow the Advaita philosophy of Adi Shankara and are known as Shivalli Smartha Brahmins. Majority of Shivalli Brahmins are Madhvas and only a few of them are Smarthas.
Iyengar Tamil is a dialect of the Tamil language spoken mostly in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and the adjoining areas in South India. Iyengars are followers of the Visishtadvaita philosophy propounded by Ramanuja. They are also followers of Sri Vaishnavism. Iyengars are present in large numbers in various regions of India, such as Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. However, the spoken dialect differs from state to state.
Tamil Brahmins are Tamil-speaking Brahmins, primarily living in Tamil Nadu, although a few of them have settled in other states like, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Karnataka. They can be broadly divided into three religious groups, Gurukkals who follow Saivism, Iyers who follow the Srauta and Smartha tradition and Iyengars who follow Sri Vaishnavism.
MKB may refer to:
Halenadu Karnataka Brahmins (HKBs) are a sect of Kannada speaking Smartha Brahmins and follow Advaita Vedanta propounded by Adi Shankaracharya. HKBs are essentially Rig Vedic Brahmins and are known to follow Dharmaśāstra extensively in their life.
Pacchimiriam Adiappayya was a famous court musician at the Maratha kingdom of Thanjavur in the 18th century. He belongs to Kannada Madhwa Brahmin community. He was a composer of Carnatic music. Some of his famous disciples were Syama Sastri, one of the Trinity of Carnatic composers, and Ghanam Krishna Iyer. His compositions are in the Telugu language.
Sthānika Brāhmins belong to Hindu Tuluva Smartha Brahmin group.
Vathima are Iyers from Tamil Nadu, India. They are Pancha Dravida Brahmins of the Smarta Tradition who follow the Advaita Vedanta propounded by Adi Shankara.
Shri Uttaradi Math, is one of the premier Dvaita Vedanta monasteries (matha) descended from Jagadguru Śrī Madhvācārya through Padmanabha Tirtha, Jayatirtha and their disciples. The Uttarādi Math is an important institution among the Mādhvas and also deeply respected among the Vaishnavas. The Uttarādi Math is one of the major Hindu monastic institutions that has historically coordinated Madhva tradition and monastic activities through satellite institutions in South India, preserved Sanskrit literature and pursued Dvaita studies. The Uttarādi Math has been a library and a source of historic Sanskrit manuscripts. Along with other Hindu monasteries Sri matha has been active in preserving the Vedas, sponsoring students and recitals, Sanskrit scholarship, and celebrating annual Madhva Jayanthi. The current pīṭādhipati or the acharya holding the pontifical seat is Satyatma Tirtha Śrīpād. The Uttaradi Math has huge following in South India compared to other Madhva mathas. Most of Deshastha Madhvas of Maharashtra and the whole community of Gayawal Pandas in Bihar are followers of this matha.
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The Babburkamme are a community of Brahmins in India. They belong to Hindu Pancha Dravida Smartha Brahmin. According to one published source, the Kamme communities might have migrated south through dominion of Satavahanas over a long period to the Chalukya, Rashtrakuta, the Vijayanagara kingdom and later to Mysore Kingdom towards southern Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. They have been holding highly politically influencing position such ministers, chief priests, scholars and poets under different kingdoms. A related community are today known as Uluchu Kamme has Kannada as their mother tongue.
Koteshwara Brahmins are a Hindu Brahmin subcaste mainly from the Indian state of Karnataka. The community is mainly concentrated in the Koteshwara, Kundapur, and surrounding areas of Udupi district in Karnataka. The community takes its name from the village Koteshwara, which is their native place. Koteshwara Brahmins follows the Dvaita Vedanta propounded by Madhvacharya and are followers of Sodhe Vadiraja Swami Matha.
References
- ↑ Kumar Suresh Singh (1998). India's Communities, Volume 6. Oxford University Press. p. 2044. ISBN 9780195633542.
In Tamil Nadu, the Madhwa Brahmins are migrants from Karnataka. They have six sub-groups, they are Aruvela, Aruvanththuvakkalu, Badaganadu, Pennaththurar, Prathamasaki and Desastha and Badaga. They are concentrated in the Madras, Coimbatore, Coonoor and in Ooty.
- ↑ Census of India, 1961, Volume 11, Issue 6, Part 16. Office of the Registrar General Manager of Publications. 1970. p. 6.
Among the Badaganadu families, seven happen to be the Shavites and followers of Shankaracharya while the other one is a Madhwa and followers of Madhwacharya. Marriage between these two sects is permissible.