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Cranberries are a group of evergreen dwarf shrubs or trailing vines in the subgenus Oxycoccus of the genus Vaccinium. Cranberries are low, creeping shrubs or vines up to 2 meters (7 ft) long and 5 to 20 centimeters in height; they have slender stems that are not thickly woody and have small evergreen leaves. The flowers are dark pink. The fruit is a berry that is larger than the leaves of the plant; it is initially light green, turning red when ripe. It is edible, but has an acidic taste.
Ultraviolet (UV) light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths of 10–400 nanometers, shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays. UV radiation is present in sunlight, and constitutes about 10% of the total electromagnetic radiation output from the Sun. It is also produced by electric arcs, Cherenkov radiation, and specialized lights, such as mercury-vapor lamps, tanning lamps, and black lights.
Cosmetics are composed of mixtures of chemical compounds derived from either natural sources or synthetically created ones. Cosmetics have various purposes, including personal and skin care. They can also be used to conceal blemishes and enhance natural features. Makeup can also add colour to a person's face, enhance a person's features or change the appearance of the face entirely to resemble a different person, creature, or object.
An airbrush is a small, air-operated tool that atomizes and sprays various media, most often paint, but also ink, dye, and foundation. Spray painting developed from the airbrush and is considered to employ a type of airbrush.
Sunscreen, also known as sunblock, sun lotion or sun cream, is a photoprotective topical product for the skin that helps protect against sunburn and prevent skin cancer. Sunscreens come as lotions, sprays, gels, foams, sticks, powders and other topical products. Sunscreens are common supplements to clothing, particularly sunglasses, sunhats and special sun protective clothing, and other forms of photoprotection.
Schering-Plough Corporation was an American pharmaceutical company. It was originally the U.S. subsidiary of the German company Schering AG, which was founded in 1851 by Ernst Christian Friedrich Schering. As a result of nationalization, it became an independent company. In 1971, the Schering Corporation merged with Plough, Inc. to form Schering-Plough. On November 4, 2009 Merck & Co. merged with Schering-Plough with the new company taking the name of Merck & Co.
Sun tanning or tanning is the process whereby skin color is darkened or tanned. It is most often a result of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or from artificial sources, such as a tanning lamp found in indoor tanning beds. People who deliberately tan their skin by exposure to the sun engage in a passive recreational activity of sun bathing. Some people use chemical products that can produce a tanning effect without exposure to ultraviolet radiation, known as sunless tanning.
Indoor tanning involves using a device that emits ultraviolet radiation to produce a cosmetic tan. Typically found in tanning salons, gyms, spas, hotels, and sporting facilities, and less often in private residences, the most common device is a horizontal tanning bed, also known as a sunbed or solarium. Vertical devices are known as tanning booths or stand-up sunbeds.
Dihydroxyacetone, also known as glycerone, is a simple saccharide with formula C
3H
6O
3.
D-Erythrulose (also known as erythrulose) is a tetrose carbohydrate with the chemical formula C4H8O4. It has one ketone group and so is part of the ketose family. It is used in some self-tanning cosmetics, in general, combined with dihydroxyacetone (DHA).
Sunless tanning, also known as UV filled tanning, self tanning, spray tanning, or fake tanning, refers to the effect of a suntan without exposure to the Sun. Sunless tanning involves the use of oral agents (carotenids), or creams, lotions or sprays applied to the skin. Skin-applied products may be skin-reactive agents or temporary bronzers (colorants).
Avobenzone is an organic molecule and an oil-soluble ingredient used in sunscreen products to absorb the full spectrum of UVA rays.
Skin care or skincare is a range of practices that support skin integrity, enhance its appearance, and relieve skin conditions. They can include nutrition, avoidance of excessive sun exposure, and appropriate use of emollients. Practices that enhance appearance include the use of cosmetics, botulinum, exfoliation, fillers, laser resurfacing, microdermabrasion, peels, retinol therapy, and ultrasonic skin treatment. Skin care is a routine daily procedure in many settings, such as skin that is either too dry or too moist, and prevention of dermatitis and prevention of skin injuries.
Société Bic S.A., commonly called Bic and stylized as BiC, is a French manufacturing corporation based in Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine. It was founded in 1945 by French aristocrat Marcel Bich and produces specifically disposable items; namely stationery, lighters, and shaving razors.
Indoor tanning lotions accelerate the tanning process, by promoting the production of melanin. Increasing blood flow to the skin is a proposed mechanism, which may in turn stimulate production of melanin by melanocytes. Historically, indoor tanning lotions have contained no sunscreen and offer no protection from the sun. However, many tanning lotions currently contain sunscreen. Unlike sunless tanning lotions, these are designed for use with an ultraviolet source such as a tanning bed or booth.
The history of cosmetics spans at least 7,000 years and is present in almost every society on earth. Cosmetic body art is argued to have been the earliest form of a ritual in human culture. The evidence for this comes in the form of utilised red mineral pigments including crayons associated with the emergence of Homo sapiens in Africa. Cosmetics are mentioned in the Old Testament—2 Kings 9:30 where Jezebel painted her eyelids—approximately 840 BC—and the book of Esther describes various beauty treatments as well.
Face powder is a cosmetic product applied to the face to serve different functions, typically to beautify the face. Originating from ancient Egypt, face powder has had different social uses across cultures and in modern times, it is typically used to set makeup, brighten the skin and contour the face. Face powders generally come in two main types. One of which is loose powder, which is used to assist with oily skin in absorbing excess moisture and mattifying the face to reduce shininess. The other is pressed powder which conceals blemishes and maximises coverage.
Glow by JLo is a women's fragrance endorsed by American entertainer Jennifer Lopez, and released through Coty, Inc. It was conceived as far back as 1998 when Lopez announced a lifestyle line that would include a fragrance. Contradictory to assumptions that it would be unsuccessful, it performed extremely well, becoming America's top-selling fragrance. Glow Industries filed a lawsuit against Lopez and Coty to not use the term "Glow", however, a judge denied their request. Along with products from Lopez's fashion and lifestyle line, it brought in over $300 million by 2004. Subsequently, Glow became a successful woman's fragrance line.
Sea & Ski, a sunscreen with a unique scent, was invented by Charles Rolley, who lived in Reno, Nevada. TIME called him a "kinetic promoter". Rolley sold it to Botany Industries in 1955. It was sold in the late 1960s to Smith-Kline Pharmaceuticals. The brand was owned by Carter-Wallace until 1988, when it was purchased by Fabergé. Robert Bell, executive and founder, sold off the Banana Boat tanning oil company, to Edgewell Personal Care for $30 million in 1990 and bought Sea & Ski Corp. Faulding Consumer, of Mayne Nickless Ltd, an Australian pharmaceutical company, purchased Sea & Ski in 2000 to go along with their other brand, Banana Boat. In 2003, the brand was sold to Pathfinder Management Inc.
Bondi Sands is an Australian self tanning brand. The brand specialises in self tanners, suncare, skincare, and cosmetics. The business was established in 2012 and operates in Oceania as well as the US, UK and Europe.
References
- ↑ Bayer consumer website
- ↑ GELLENE, DENISE (1987-06-17). "Revlon Buys Several Fragrance Brands". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035 . Retrieved 2018-03-21.
- ↑ "Bain de Soleil History". 18 August 2009. Archived from the original on 2 September 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ↑ "* :: Scrip". Scrip. Retrieved 2017-10-04.
- ↑ "Pfizer acquires Bain de Soleil business from P&G; indicates plans to reposition brand". Pink Sheet. 1995-08-21. Retrieved 2017-10-04.
- ↑ CA 2306040,Scott, John A.; Ortega, Alejandro V.& Stroud, Eric M.,"Coloring agent-containing sunless tanning compositions",published 11 Jan 2005
- ↑ EP 0884045,Scott, John Alexander&Stroud, Eric Matthew,"Self-tanning dihydroxyacetone formulations having improved stability and providing enhanced delivery",published Dec 16, 1998
- ↑ "Schering buys Bain de Soleil - Oct. 7, 1999". money.cnn.com. Retrieved 2017-10-04.