History
Originally built in 1907, it was known as Simpangsche Societeit or Simpangsche Club a nightlife venue for European elites, especially Dutch citizens. The locals affectionately called it “Roemah Kamar Bola” due to the billiards game held there. Designed by Dutch architect Westmaes, this heritage building features a distinctive dome resembling a crown. Today, Balai Pemuda hosts art events, houses the Surabaya Public Library, and includes Alun-alun Surabaya—an outdoor area with a food court and exhibition space12. [1] [2]
During the colonial era, Simpangsche Societeit served as an exclusive club where parties, informal meetings, dances, and other elite entertainment took place. It symbolized Western culture’s influence and the dominance of the colonial government. However, after Indonesia gained independence, Balai Pemuda transformed its purpose. It became a hub for youth activities, focusing on education, arts, and culture. Today, it continues to thrive as a cultural center, promoting heritage preservation and community engagement. [3] [4]
Surabaya is the capital city of East Java province and the second-largest city in Indonesia, after Jakarta. Located on the northeastern corner of Java island, on the Madura Strait, it is one of the earliest port cities in Southeast Asia. According to the National Development Planning Agency, Surabaya is one of the four main central cities of Indonesia, alongside Jakarta, Medan, and Makassar. The city had a population of 2,874,314 within its city limits at the 2020 census. With 3,009,286 people living in the city as of mid 2023 and over 10 million in the extended Surabaya metropolitan area, according to the latest official estimate, Surabaya was the second-largest metropolitan area in Indonesia. Surabaya metropolitan is also ASEAN's 6th largest economy ahead of Hanoi. In 2023, the city's GRP PPP was estimated at US$150.294 billion.
The Football Association of Indonesia is the governing body of football in Indonesia. It was founded on 19 April 1930. The PSSI joined FIFA in 1952 and the Asian Football Confederation in 1954.
Magelang is one of six cities in the Central Java Province of Indonesia that are administratively independent of the regencies in which they lie geographically. Each of these cities is governed by a mayor rather than a bupati. Magelang City covers an area of 18.56 km2 and had a population of 118,227 at the 2010 census and 121,526 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid-2023 was 122,150. It is geographically located in the middle of the Magelang Regency, between Mount Merbabu and Mount Sumbing in the south of the province, and lies 43 km north of Yogyakarta, 15 km north of Mungkid and 75 km south of Semarang, the capital of Central Java.
Tegal is a city in the northwest part of Central Java of Indonesia. It is situated on the north coast of the province of Central Java, about 175 km (109 mi) from Semarang, the capital of the province. It had a population of 239,599 at the 2010 Census and 273,825 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 262,781.
Sutomo, also known as Bung Tomo, was an Indonesian revolutionary and military leader best known for his role in the Indonesian National Revolution against Dutch colonial rule. He played a central role in Battle of Surabaya, which was fought between British and Indonesian forces from October to November 1945.
Abdurrahman Baswedan, also known as AR Baswedan was a nationalist, journalist, Indonesian freedom fighter, diplomat, and writer. Baswedan was a member of the Central Advisory Council during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies and of the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK), served as Deputy Minister of Information of the Third Sjahrir Cabinet, a member of the Central Indonesian National Committee Working Group, a member of parliament, and also a member of the Indonesian Constitutional Assembly. Baswedan was one of Indonesia's first diplomats who successfully gained de jure and de facto international recognition for the Republic of Indonesia. He was awarded the title of National Hero of Indonesia in 2018.
Mangkunegara VI was the prince of Mangkunegaran from 1896 to 1916.
Frans Johan Louwrens Ghijsels was a Dutch architect and urban planner who worked in the Netherlands and the Dutch Indies. Ghijsels was the founder of AIA, the biggest architecture consultant in the Dutch Indies. He was one of the instrumental architects in developing a modern style characteristic of the Dutch Indies.
Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro acted as the Minister of Education and Culture of Indonesia in 1949 until 1950. He is now regarded as a National Hero of Indonesia.
The Harmony Society was an elite social club in Batavia, Dutch East Indies. It was the oldest clubhouse in Asia when it was demolished. The construction of the group's building included the former bricks of the wall of Old Batavia. It was demolished for road widening and parking area in 1985. Activities at the club included cards and billiards. Indigenous people were excluded from the club.
The Palembang Mayoral Office, also known as Kantor Ledeng, is an office building in Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia, which is used as the seat of the municipal government of the city. It was built as a water tower with an office for the colonial government on the lower floors by the Dutch, and was later also used by Japanese authorities during the Japanese occupation of the city.
Colonial architecture in Surabaya includes the legacy of neoclassical architecture and Dutch architecture built during the Dutch East Indies era. The old city in Surabaya is a tourist attraction but faces problems with the deterioration of older buildings. It includes Dutch architecture, has an Arab quarter and areas exhibiting Chinese influence. Jembatan Merah is an area known for its Dutch architecture.
Mpu Tantular Museum is a State Museum located in Buduran, Sidorajo, East Java, a province of Indonesia. Formerly the Stedelijk Historisch Museum Soerabaia, the museum began as a society established by Godfried Hariowald von Faber in 1933. Today, the museum was the State Museum of the Province of East Java "Mpu Tantular".
The People's Security Agency, commonly abbreviated as BKR, was an Indonesian government agency established to undertake the task of maintaining security together with the people and the state offices. The BKR was formed by the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI) in its session on 22 August 1945 and announced by President Sukarno on the next day.
Glenmore Station (GLM) is a class III railway station located in Sepanjang, Glenmore, Banyuwangi Regency. This station is included in the Operational Area IX Jember at an altitude of +342 m. This station only has two railway tracks with track 2 being a straight line. This station is in the center of Glenmore district so it is quite busy even though it is far from the provincial highway. As a class III station, this station only serves economy class passenger trains.
Cimahi Station (CMI) is a class II railway station located in Baros, Padalarang, West Bandung Regency, to be precise on Station Street, Bandung Barat. The station, which is located at an altitude of +723 meters, is included in the Operational Area II Bandung.
The Hotel Yamato incident was the tearing of the blue colour of the Dutch flag flying at Hotel Yamato on 19 September 1945, which was preceded by the failure of negotiations between Soedirman and W. V. C. Ploegman to lower the Dutch flag.
