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Maybelline New York, trading as Maybelline, is an American multinational cosmetics, skin care, perfume, and personal care company, based in New York City. It was founded in Chicago in 1914, and has been a subsidiary of French cosmetics company L'Oréal since 1996.
Cosmetics are constituted mixtures of chemical compounds derived from either natural sources, or synthetically created ones. Cosmetics have various purposes. Those designed for personal care and skin care can be used to cleanse or protect the body or skin. Cosmetics designed to enhance or alter one's appearance (makeup) can be used to conceal blemishes, enhance one's natural features, add color to a person's face, or change the appearance of the face entirely to resemble a different person, creature or object. Due to the harsh ingredients in makeup products, individuals with acne-prone skin are more likely to suffer from breakouts. Cosmetics can also be designed to add fragrance to the body.
L'Oréal S.A. is a French personal care company headquartered in Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine, with a registered office in Paris. It is the world's largest cosmetics company and has developed activities in the field, concentrating on hair color, skin care, sun protection, make-up, perfume, and hair care.
Lancôme is a French luxury perfumes and cosmetics house that distributes products internationally. Lancôme is part of the L'Oréal Luxury Products division, which is its parent company and offers luxury skin care, fragrances, and makeup at higher-end prices.
Lipstick is a cosmetic product used to apply coloration and texture to lips, often made of wax and oil. Different pigments are used to produce color, and minerals such as silica may be used to provide texture. The use of lipstick dates back to early civilizations such as Sumer and the Indus Valley Civilisation, and was popularized in the Western world in the 16th century. Some lipsticks contain traces of toxic materials, such as lead and PFAS, which prompted health concerns and regulation.
Bobbi Brown is an American professional make-up artist, author, and the founder of Bobbi Brown Cosmetics. She created ten natural-shade lipsticks which according to Entrepreneur "revolutionized the beauty industry". She has written nine books about beauty and wellness.
Urban Decay, an American cosmetics brand headquartered in Newport Beach, California, is a subsidiary of French cosmetics company L'Oréal.
The history of cosmetics spans at least 7,000 years and is present in almost every society on earth. Cosmetic body art is argued to have been the earliest form of a ritual in human culture. The evidence for this comes in the form of utilised red mineral pigments including crayons associated with the emergence of Homo sapiens in Africa. Cosmetics are mentioned in the Old Testament—2 Kings 9:30 where Jezebel painted her eyelids—approximately 840 BC—and the book of Esther describes various beauty treatments as well.
Foundation is a liquid, cream, or powder makeup applied to the face and neck to create an even, uniform color to the complexion, cover flaws and, sometimes, to change the natural skin tone. Some foundations also function as a moisturizer, sunscreen, astringent or base layer for more complex cosmetics. Foundation applied to the body is generally referred to as "body painting" or "body makeup".
Face powder is a cosmetic product applied to the face to serve different functions, typically to beautify the face. Originating from ancient Egypt, face powder has had different social uses across cultures and in modern times, it is typically used to set makeup, brighten the skin and contour the face. Face powders generally come in two main types. One of which is loose powder, which is used to assist with oily skin in absorbing excess moisture and mattifying the face to reduce shininess. The other is pressed powder which conceals blemishes and maximises coverage.
Michelle Phan is an American beauty YouTuber. She is the founder and owner of the multimillion-dollar cosmetics line EM Cosmetics.
Gucci Westman is an American makeup artist, cosmetic designer, and founder of cosmetics line Westman Atelier. She is known for her chic and minimalistic looks, natural and dewy makeup, and clean-based lifestyle.
Kylie Cosmetics, LLC is an American cosmetics company founded by Kylie Jenner. The company began selling Kylie Lip Kits, a liquid lipstick and lip liner set, on November 30, 2015. Formerly known as Kylie Lip Kits, the company was renamed Kylie Cosmetics.
NYX Professional Makeup is an American cosmetics company that is a subsidiary of L'Oréal. The company was founded in Los Angeles by Toni Ko in 1999. It was named after Nyx, the Greek goddess of the night. NYX Professional Makeup is "certified" and acknowledged by PETA as a cruelty-free brand, and they offer a wide range of vegan-friendly products. NYX products are sold in over 70 countries at thousands of retailers, ranging from specialty beauty and fashion stores to freestanding shops and the brand's corporate website.
Fenty Beauty is a cosmetics brand by Rihanna, that was launched on September 8, 2017. Popular for its broad inclusivity across various skin tones, its Pro Filt'R foundation became high-demand upon first release. The original foundation launch included 40 shades, and has since expanded to 50. The inclusion of Fenty Beauty concealer includes 50 shades, offering a wide variety for all skin types.
ColourPop Cosmetics, also known as ColourPop, is an American cosmetics brand based in Los Angeles, California. The company was founded in 2014 by siblings Laura and John Nelson. ColourPop products are sold through their website and at Ulta Beauty. They predominantly make products for the eyes, lips, and face.
Jeffree Star Cosmetics is an American cosmetics company founded by Internet personality and musician Jeffree Star. Star claims to have invested his life savings to start the company's makeup line in 2014 with an initial three liquid lipstick colors. The company is estimated to sell US$100 million annually. All products are vegan and cruelty-free. The company is co-owned by Star and his business partner Jeff Cohen.
Jacquelyn Lonje Olayiwola Oyeshola Bolayemi Aina, better known as Jackie Aina, is an American beauty YouTuber. She was born to an African-American mother and a Nigerian father of Yoruba descent. She is a social influencer who advocates for visibility of people of color in the cosmetic industry. She has partnered with Anastasia Beverly Hills, e.l.f. Cosmetics, Too Faced, Sephora and Sigma Beauty.
Nyma Tang is an American beauty vlogger and activist against discrimination based on skin color and best known for her YouTube channel of the same name. She gained online popularity in 2017 for her YouTube series The Darkest Shade, in which she reviews the darkest shades of products from different makeup brands and highlights the under-representation of deeper skin tones in the beauty industry.
R.E.M. Beauty is a cosmetics brand by Ariana Grande, that was launched on November 12, 2021. The inclusion of R.E.M. Beauty concealer includes 60 shades including two artistry shades of black and white, offering a wide variety for all skin types.
References
- 1 2 Moody, Elyse (February 2016). "This Woman Discovered the Secret to Foundation that Looks Good on Everyone". O, The Oprah Magazine . Retrieved February 17, 2021.
- 1 2 Martin, Crystal (October 7, 2020). "The Black Scientists, Doctors, and Entrepreneurs Changing The Beauty Industry". Harper's Bazaar . Retrieved February 17, 2021.
- 1 2 "Black History Month: 10 Trailblazing Women Changing The Future You Need To Know". Elle . October 28, 2020. Retrieved August 3, 2022.
- 1 2 3 Segran, Elizabeth (October 2015). "The L'Oréal Chemist Who's Changing The Face Of Makeup". Fast Company . Retrieved February 17, 2021.
- ↑ Irwin, Demetria (May 1, 2012). "L'Oreal Chemist Takes Passion For Cosmetics Global". Black Enterprise . Retrieved February 17, 2021.
- ↑ Morley, SM (March–April 2002). "The Modern-Day Technology Leaders: Engineering the Future". US Black Engineer and Information Technology. 26 (1): 87. ISSN 1088-3444.
- 1 2 Bhan Ahuja, Simone (June 15, 2016). "What It Takes to Innovate Within Large Corporations". Harvard Business Review . Retrieved February 24, 2021.
- 1 2 Hyman, Vicki (July 7, 2016). "Jersey chemist at L'Oreal liberates cosmetic palette". Inside Jersey . Retrieved February 17, 2021– via NJ.com.
- ↑ Arterberry, Andrea (December 26, 2015). "Why Are Women of Color Still Having Trouble Finding Foundation?". Cosmopolitan . Retrieved February 24, 2021.