Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County,Massachusetts,in the United States. It is a suburb in the Greater Boston metropolitan area,located directly across the Charles River from Boston. The city's population as of the 2020 U.S. census was 118,403,making it the most populous city in the county,the fourth-largest in Massachusetts,behind Boston,Worcester,and Springfield,and ninth-largest in New England. The city was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge,England,which was an important center of the Puritan theology that was embraced by the town's founders.
The Kennedy family is an American political family that has long been prominent in American politics,public service,entertainment,and business. In 1884,35 years after the family's arrival from County Wexford,Ireland,Patrick Joseph "P. J." Kennedy became the first Kennedy elected to public office,serving in the Massachusetts state legislature until 1895. At least one Kennedy family member served in federal elective office from 1947,when P. J. Kennedy's grandson John F. Kennedy became a member of Congress from Massachusetts,until 2011,when Patrick J. Kennedy II retired as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Rhode Island.
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge,Massachusetts. Established in 1861,MIT has played a significant role in the development of many areas of modern technology and science.
Nantucket is an island about 30 miles (48 km) south from Cape Cod. Together with the small islands of Tuckernuck and Muskeget,it constitutes the Town and County of Nantucket,a combined county/town government in the state of Massachusetts.
Worcester is the 2nd most populous city in the U.S. state of Massachusetts and the 114th most populous city in the United States. Named after Worcester,England,the city's population was 206,518 at the 2020 census,also making it the second-most populous city in New England after Boston. Worcester is approximately 40 miles (64 km) west of Boston,50 miles (80 km) east of Springfield and 40 miles (64 km) north-northwest of Providence. Due to its location near the geographic center of Massachusetts,Worcester is known as the "Heart of the Commonwealth";a heart is the official symbol of the city. Worcester is the historical seat of Worcester County in central Massachusetts.
Salem is a historic coastal city in Essex County,Massachusetts,United States,located on the North Shore of Greater Boston. Continuous settlement by Europeans began in 1626 with English colonists. Salem was one of the most significant seaports trading commodities in early American history.
Lowell is a city in Massachusetts,in the United States. Alongside Cambridge,it is one of two traditional seats of Middlesex County. With an estimated population of 115,554 in 2020,it was the fifth most populous city in Massachusetts as of the last census,and the third most populous in the Boston metropolitan statistical area. The city is also part of a smaller Massachusetts statistical area,called Greater Lowell,and of New England's Merrimack Valley region.
The Massachusetts Bay Colony (1628–1691),more formally the Colony of Massachusetts Bay,was an English settlement on the east coast of North America around the Massachusetts Bay,one of the several colonies later reorganized as the Province of Massachusetts Bay. The lands of the settlement were in southern New England,with initial settlements on two natural harbors and surrounding land about 15.4 miles (24.8 km) apart—the areas around Salem and Boston,north of the previously established Plymouth Colony. The territory nominally administered by the Massachusetts Bay Colony covered much of central New England,including portions of Massachusetts,Maine,New Hampshire,and Connecticut.
Robert Merton Solow,GCIH was an American economist and Nobel laureate whose work on the theory of economic growth culminated in the exogenous growth model named after him. He was Institute Professor Emeritus of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,where he was a professor from 1949 on. He was awarded the John Bates Clark Medal in 1961,the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1987,and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2014. Four of his PhD students,George Akerlof,Joseph Stiglitz,Peter Diamond,and William Nordhaus,later received Nobel Memorial Prizes in Economic Sciences in their own right.
The University of Massachusetts Amherst is a public land-grant research university in Amherst,Massachusetts. It is the oldest,largest,and flagship campus in the University of Massachusetts system,and was founded in 1863 as the Massachusetts Agricultural College. It is also a member of the Five College Consortium,along with four other colleges in the Pioneer Valley.
The University of Massachusetts is the five-campus public university system and the only public research system in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The university system includes five campuses,a satellite campus in Springfield and also 25 campuses throughout California and Washington with the University of Massachusetts Global.
The governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the chief executive officer of the government of Massachusetts. The governor is the head of the state cabinet and the commander-in-chief of the commonwealth's military forces.
The Massachusetts General Court,formally the General Court of Massachusetts,is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts located in the state capital of Boston. The name "General Court" is a holdover from the earliest days of the Massachusetts Bay Colony,when the colonial assembly,in addition to making laws,sat as a judicial court of appeals. Before the adoption of the state constitution in 1780,it was called the Great and General Court,but the official title was shortened by John Adams,author of the state constitution. It is a bicameral body. The upper house is the Massachusetts Senate which is composed of 40 members. The lower body,the Massachusetts House of Representatives,has 160 members;until 1978,the state house had 240 members. It meets in the Massachusetts State House on Beacon Hill in Boston.
The Province of Massachusetts Bay was a colony in New England which became one of the thirteen original states of the United States. It was chartered on October 7,1691,by William III and Mary II,the joint monarchs of the kingdoms of England,Scotland,and Ireland,and was based in the merging of several earlier British colonies in New England. The charter took effect on May 14,1692,and included the Massachusetts Bay Colony,the Plymouth Colony,the Province of Maine,Martha's Vineyard,Nantucket,Nova Scotia,and New Brunswick;the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the direct successor. Maine has been a separate state since 1820,and Nova Scotia and New Brunswick are now Canadian provinces,having been part of the colony only until 1697.
The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court,the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Senate comprises 40 elected members from 40 single-member senatorial districts in the state. All but one of the districts are named for the counties in which they are located. Senators serve two-year terms,without term limits. The Senate convenes in the Massachusetts State House,in Boston.
The Massachusetts House of Representatives is the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court,the state legislature of Massachusetts. It is composed of 160 members elected from 14 counties each divided into single-member electoral districts across the Commonwealth. The House of Representatives convenes at the Massachusetts State House in Boston,the state capital of Massachusetts.
Greater Boston is the metropolitan region of New England encompassing the municipality of Boston,the capital of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and the most populous city in New England,and its surrounding areas. The region forms the northern arc of the Northeast megalopolis,making Greater Boston both a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) and a combined statistical area (CSA). The most stringent definition of the region consists of most of the eastern third of mainland Massachusetts,excluding the Merrimack Valley and South Coast;while the most expansive definition includes these plus Cape Cod,Central Massachusetts,Rhode Island,southeastern New Hampshire,and Windham County,Connecticut.
Massachusetts,officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Maine to its east,Connecticut and Rhode Island to its south,New Hampshire and Vermont to its north,and New York to its west. Massachusetts is the sixth-smallest state by land area;with over seven million residents,it is the most populous state in New England,the 16th-most-populous in the country,and the third-most densely populated,after New Jersey and Rhode Island. The state's capital and most populous city,as well as its cultural and financial center,is Boston. Other major cities are Worcester,Springfield and Cambridge. Massachusetts is also home to the urban core of Greater Boston,the largest metropolitan area in New England and a region profoundly influential upon American history,academia,and the research economy. Originally dependent on agriculture,fishing,and trade,Massachusetts was transformed into a manufacturing center during the Industrial Revolution. During the 20th century,the state's economy shifted from manufacturing to services,and in the 21st century,Massachusetts is a global leader in biotechnology,artificial intelligence,engineering,higher education,finance,and maritime trade.
New England is a region comprising six states in the Northeastern United States:Connecticut,Maine,Massachusetts,New Hampshire,Rhode Island,and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York to the west and by the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick to the northeast and Quebec to the north. The Gulf of Maine and Atlantic Ocean is to the east and southeast,and Long Island Sound is to the southwest. Boston is New England's largest city,as well as the capital of Massachusetts. Greater Boston is the largest metropolitan area,with nearly a third of New England's population;this area includes Worcester,Massachusetts,Manchester,New Hampshire,and Providence,Rhode Island.
Boston,officially the City of Boston,is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,and is the cultural and financial center of New England in the Northeastern United States,with an area of 48.4 sq mi (125 km2) and a population of 675,647 in 2020. The Greater Boston metropolitan statistical area is the eleventh-largest in the country.
