Batajnica mass graves

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The Batajnica mass graves are mass graves that were found in 2001 near Batajnica, a suburb of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. The graves contained the bodies of 744 [1] Kosovar Albanians civilians that were killed during the Kosovo War. [2] The mass graves were found on the training grounds of the Yugoslav Special Anti-Terrorist Unit (SAJ). [3] Dead bodies were brought to the site by trucks from Kosovo; most were incinerated before burial. [4] After the war, SAJ restricted investigators' access to the firing range, and continued live-firing exercises whilst forensic teams tried to investigate the massacre. [5]

Contents

Background

The Humanitarian Law Center (HLC), a nongovernmental organization based in Serbia and Kosovo, published in their research that the total number of killed during the Kosovo war (a length of time in the research studied from January 1998 to December 31, 2000) estimated at 13,517, when of this number of all killed or missing civilians were: 8 661 Kosovo Albanians, 1797 Serbs, 447 Roma, Bosniaks, and other ethnic minorities. [6] [7]

Milica Kostić, who is a former researcher at the HLC and currently working at the International Coalition of Sites of Conscience, said in 2019 that still estimated over 1,600 people missing after the war of in Kosovo, from them: 1,100 Kosovo Albanians, around 450 Serbs, and over 100 Bosniak and Roma victims. [8]

Discovery of mass graves

The work of investigating the Batajnica mass grave began approximately in June 2001 when Serbian Ministry of Internal Affairs showed the short video of the exhumation of parts of bodies in the Police Training camp located near the town of Batajnica. [9] The mentions of a mass grave discovered in Batajnica started to appear in the newspapers on September 19, 2001, when first 269 bodies were exhumed. [10] [11]

The Humanitarian Law Center (HLC), a human rights non-governmental organisation, documenting human rights violations happened on the territories of former Yugoslavia, [12] said in the dossier "The Concealment of Bodies Operation", that four mass graves were discovered in Serbia: at Batajnica (744 bodies — discovered in 2001), Kizevak (17 bodies discovered in 2020), Lake Perućac (84 bodies — discovered in 2001), Petrovo Selo (61 bodies — discovered in 2001), [13] and at Rudnica, a village near the border with Kosovo (52 bodies — discovered in 2013). [14] [15]

The HLC said in the dossier "The Concealment of Bodies Operation", that the bodies of Kosovo Albanians were also secretly burned in two locations in Serbia: the Mačkatica Aluminium Complex near Surdulica, the Copper Mining And Smelting Complex in Bor. Also, HLC called the Feronikl Plant in Glogovac, where bodies of Kosovo Albanians were burned, that located in Kosovo's Drenica region. [16] [15]

Press about the covert operation

As the Guardian's diplomatic editor Julian Borger claimed in his article in 2010:

Serb forces conducted mass killings in ethnic Albanian villages in 1998 and 1999, burying most of the victims close to the site of the killing. But when it became clear that Nato would intervene, the Milosevic government ordered the bodies to be dug up and moved elsewhere in Serbia and Serb-controlled Bosnia. [17]

Dejan Anastasijevic, an investigative journalist of the Serbian weekly Vreme, said in 2010 about the bodies found near an SAJ base in Batajnica, that there was the "sanitation" programme, involving the removal of thousands of bodies, that was carried out by Serbia's special counter-terrorist unit, SAJ, to hide war crimes. [17]

Investigation

Vlastimir Djordjevic's trial in ICTY

Vlastimir Djordjevic, who was a Serbian deputy interior minister [18] during Kosovo conflict in Kosovo in 1998 and 1999, [19] was under trial in the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in 2010 [18] for his role in crimes against Kosovo Albanians, where he admitted that he knew about transferring bodies from one truck found in Danube, and burned bodies found in the second truck in the Lake Perucac, but he didn't know about actual killings. The two trucks were found with bodies of Kosovo Albanians, one in the Danube river in eastern Serbia in early April 1999, from which bodies were transferred to the police's Special Anti-Terrorist Unit Centre in Batajnica, second truck found in the Lake Perucac in western Serbia also in April 1999, from which bodies were burned nearby by Vlastimir Djordjevic. Vlastimir Djordjevic said in the trial he knew that he must investigate the findings of the two trucks, but didn't initiate investigation, that was illegal. [19]

He was sentenced to 18 years in jail for the cover-up operation to hide the dead bodies, [20] [21] as well as for illegal persecution, deportation of Kosovo Albanians during the Kosovo war 1998-99. [19]

Investigation by Belgrade

Until present-day times (September 2021), nobody was accused in Serbian courts for the guilt of the concealment of the killed Kosovo Albanians. [22]

Documentaries

Batajnica Memorial Initiative

There was created an online website, the Batajnica Memorial Initiative, to gather funds for creation of the Batajnica Memorial Site to commemorate the killed people. The virtual Batajnica Memorial Initiative is publishing photographs, documentary, data of killed people, whose bodies were found in Batajnica. [26]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kosovo War</span> 1998–1999 armed conflict in Kosovo

The Kosovo War, was an armed conflict in Kosovo that lasted from 28 February 1998 until 11 June 1999. It was fought between the forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which controlled Kosovo before the war, and the Kosovo Albanian separatist militia known as the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). The conflict ended when the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) intervened by beginning air strikes in March 1999 which resulted in Yugoslav forces withdrawing from Kosovo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kosovo Liberation Army</span> Ethnic-Albanian nationalist paramilitary organization (1992–1999)

The Kosovo Liberation Army was an ethnic Albanian separatist militia that sought the separation of Kosovo, the vast majority of which is inhabited by Albanians, from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) and Serbia during the 1990s. Albanian nationalism was a central tenet of the KLA and many in its ranks supported the creation of a Greater Albania, which would encompass all Albanians in the Balkans, stressing Albanian culture, ethnicity and nation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Batajnica</span> Urban neighbourhood in Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia

Batajnica is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital city of Serbia. It is located in the Belgrade municipality of Zemun.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vlastimir Đorđević</span> Serbian general (born 1948)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suva Reka massacre</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Drenica massacres</span> Mass killings in Kosovo

The Drenica massacres were a series of killings of Kosovo Albanian civilians committed by Serbian special police forces in the Drenica region of central Kosovo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">War crimes in the Kosovo War</span> War crimes committed during the Kosovo War

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vushtrri massacre</span> Killing of kosovars

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Perućac lake</span> Reservoir in between Višegrad & Bajina Bašta

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rudnica (Raška)</span> Village in Raška District, Serbia

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The Meja massacre was the mass execution of at least 377 Kosovo Albanian civilians during the Kosovo War, which took place on 27 April 1999. Of the victims, 36 were under 18 years old. It was committed by Serbian police and Yugoslav Army forces in the Reka Operation which began after the killing of six Serbian policemen by the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). The executions occurred in the village of Meja near the town of Gjakova. The victims were pulled from refugee convoys at a checkpoint in Meja and their families were ordered to proceed to Albania. Men and boys were separated and then executed by the road. It is one of the largest massacres in the Kosovo War. Many of the bodies of the victims were found in the Batajnica mass graves. The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia has convicted several Serbian army and police officers for their involvement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Attack on Orahovac</span> Part of the Kosovo War

The attack on Orahovac was a 3-day long clash Between 17 and 20 July 1998 and was fought between the forces of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) and the FR Yugoslavia. The KLA surrounded Serb villages intending to assert authority for the Kosovo Albanian provisional government through taking over a town and creating a corridor between KLA hotbed in Drenica and the Albanian border region. 8 KLA fighters and two Yugoslav police officers were killed, as well as five Serb civilians during the attack, while 85 Serb civilians were abducted by the KLA, 40 of whom are presumed to have been murdered. During the takeover of the town by Serbian special police, 79 Albanians civilians were executed.

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The Rudnica mass grave is a site in Rudnica, southern Serbia where Kosovo Albanian victims of Serbian operations were transferred from several areas in Kosovo and buried in the site during the Kosovo War. The grave contains remains of 250 individuals.

The Ugljare mass grave is a burial site in the village of Ugljare in the Kosovo municipality of Gjilan. Those buried include Kosovo Serbs and possibly Kosovo Albanians sometime around July 1999. At the time, it was the only case which involved in the Kosovo war crimes tribunal the investigation of a crime against civilians which was possibly committed by Albanians against Serbs. No perpetrators have been found. Kosovo leaders during the war, including former Prime Minister and the "George Washington of Kosovo", Hashim Thaci, are currently on trial for crimes against humanity, murder, forced deportation, kidnapping, and persecution of Serbs and other minorities in a specially commissioned court, The Kosovo Specialist Chambers, established to prosecute Albanian leaders for crimes during and after the Kosovo War.

The Mališevo mass grave is a grave found in 2005 in the town of Mališevo, Kosovo. The grave contained the bodies of 12 Serb civilians and 1 ethnic Bulgarian, executed during the Kosovo War by the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA).

References

  1. 1 2 Stojanovic, Milica (November 16, 2020). "BIRN to Hold Art Exhibition About Kosovo War Mass Graves" . Retrieved December 7, 2020.
  2. 1 2 ""Depth Two" A Barrier To Contamination Of Memory of Victims". Humanitarian Law Center/Fond za humanitarno pravo. May 18, 2016. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
  3. ↑ "Protected witness on Batajnica mass graves".
  4. ↑ "Batajnička arheologija - Druga sezona iskopavanja "hladnjača" - Nedeljnik Vreme". November 6, 2002.
  5. ↑ Mitrovic, Slobodan. "Fresh scars on the body of archaeology, excavating mass-graves at Batajnica, Serbia | Slobodan Mitrovic - Academia.edu".
  6. ↑ "The Kosovo Memory Book, 1998-2000". Fond za humanitarno pravo. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
  7. ↑ Domanovic, Milka (December 10, 2014). "List of Kosovo War Victims Published". Balkan Insight. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
  8. ↑ Kostic, Milica (November 23, 2019). "The missing from Kosovo". Pescanik.net. Balkan.Perspectives, No 12, November 2019. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  9. ↑ "В сербской могиле нашли 269 тел". BBC World Service (in Russian). September 19, 2001. Archived from the original on October 16, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  10. ↑ "269 Bodies Found Near Belgrade". Los Angeles Times. September 19, 2001. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  11. ↑ "Serbia Exhumes 269 Bodies From Mass Grave". New York Times. Reuters. September 19, 2001. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  12. ↑ "About us". Humanitarian Law Center. Retrieved December 8, 2020.
  13. ↑ "Secret mass graves in Serbia". ratusrbiji.rs. Youth Initiative For Human Rights, Belgrade, Serbia. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved December 8, 2020. Petrovo Selo is situated in Eastern Serbia near Kladovo. In 1999, this was the location of the Training Centre for Police Special Units (PJP).
  14. ↑ "Secret mass graves in Serbia". ratusrbiji.rs. Youth Initiative For Human Rights, Belgrade, Serbia. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved December 8, 2020. In the quarry in the village of Rudnica near the border with Kosovo, 52 bodies of Albanian civilians were found. The excavations started in 2007, but the first bodies were found only six years later, that is, in 2013.
  15. 1 2 "Workshop on Secret Mass Graves in Serbia". Youth Initiative For Human Rights, Belgrade, Serbia. December 23, 2019. Retrieved December 8, 2020.
  16. ↑ "The Town Of Glogovac". hrw.org. Retrieved December 8, 2020. The largest town in the Drenica region, Glogovac (Gllogofc in Albanian) lies approximately twenty-five kilometers south-west of Pristina. Prior to the outbreak of Kosovo fighting in March 1998, it had a population of approximately 12,000, almost exclusively ethnic Albanians.
  17. 1 2 Borger, Julian (May 10, 2010). "Kosovo Albanian mass grave found under car park in Serbia". Guardian. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
  18. 1 2 "Bodies of 250 Albanian war victims found in mass grave". France 24. May 10, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
  19. 1 2 3 Stojanovic, Milica (June 5, 2019). "Vlastimir Djordjevic: Serbian Official Involved in Kosovo Crimes Cover-Up". Balkan Insight. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
  20. ↑ Djuric, Vanja (January 31, 2017). "Serbian Officials Accused of Kosovo Massacre Cover-Up". Balkan Insight. Retrieved October 10, 2021.
  21. ↑ Stojanovic, Milica; Bami, Xhorxhina (November 17, 2020). "Suspected Mass Grave of Kosovo War Victims Found in Serbia". Balkan Insight. Retrieved October 10, 2021.
  22. ↑ Isufi, Perparim (September 30, 2021). "War Victims Found in Serbian Mass Grave Repatriated to Kosovo". Balkan Insight. Retrieved October 12, 2021.
  23. ↑ de Castro, Collette (February 1, 2016). "Ognjen Glavonić's Depth Two (Dubina dva, 2016)". East European Film Bulletin. Retrieved June 5, 2022.
  24. ↑ "Balkan Investigative Reporting Network: BIRN". BIRN, Balkan Investigative Reporting Network. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
  25. ↑ "BIRN's Kosovo War Film Screened in Belgrade". balkaninsight.com. BIRN, the Balkan Investigative Reporting Network. May 16, 2016. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
  26. ↑ "Batajnica Memorial Initiative". Batajnica Memorial Initiative. Retrieved December 4, 2020.

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