Battle of Alma | |||||||
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Part of the Mokrani Revolt | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Kingdom of Ait Abbas Islamic Zawiyas Rahmaniyya | France | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Cheikh Mokrani Cheikh Boumerdassi Cheikh Boushaki Cheikh Zamoum | Louis Henri Alexandre Fourchault General Lallemand | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
2,000 warriors | 2,300 infantrymen |
The Battle of Alma or Battle of Boudouaou, which broke out on 19 April 1871, was a battle of the Mokrani Revolt by Algerian rebels against France, which had been the colonial power in the region since 1830. [1]
The rebels of the Mokrani Revolt, after several successes, headed for Algiers via Alma (Boudouaou) after having taken control of Palestro (Lakhdaria), Laazib Zamoum (Naciria), Bordj Menaïel , the Issers and the Col des Beni Aïcha (Thenia). [2]
It was the Marabout Cheikh Boumerdassi, Cheikh of the Zawiyet Sidi Boumerdassi , and Marabout Cheikh Boushaki, Cheikh of the Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki , who led this Algerian attack against the French colonies in Lower Kabylia. [3]
Advancing from Palestro towards Algiers, the fighters were stopped at Boudouaou (Alma) on 22 April 1871. [4]
The Algerian rebels then made a fatal error in their advance towards Algiers, by igniting a fire in the woods around Reghaïa which alerted the French garrison. [5]
The Governor General of Algiers, Louis Henri de Gueydon, decided to retake the colony of Alma by sending on April 21, 1871, an expeditionary unit tasked with stopping the march of the Algerian masses who were threatening the Mitidja. [6]
The unit consisted of 2,300 infantrymen made up of Zouaves, Algerian riflemen, militiamen from Algiers, mobiles from Hérault, over 200 Chasseurs d'Afrique, a few spahis and 4 mounted howitzers. [7]
This unit moved towards the village of Alma, located 37 kilometers from Algiers, and sighted the first Algerian rebels the day before, April 20. [8]
It was Colonel Alexandre Fourchault who took charge of the counter-attack of the Troupes coloniales, to push back the Algerians who were going to overtake Boudouaou to begin the conquest of Mitidja. [9]
The Algerian rebels trying to invade Mitidja were only stopped in Alma by the French-Algerian unit, and Colonel Fourchault's snipers. [10]
Colonel Fourchault and his snipers, after having stopped the Algerian insurrection in Alma on April 22, 1871, then marched on the Col des Beni Aïcha to dislodge the Algerian resistance fighters and punish the Kabyle population who supported them, before clearing and freeing Palestro and discovering the massacre of European settlers by supporters of Cheikh Mokrani. [11]
Boumerdès is a province (wilaya) of northern Algeria, located in the Kabylia region, between Algiers and Tizi-Ouzou, with its capital at the coastal city of Boumerdès just east of Algiers.
Sheikh Mohamed El-Mokrani, also known as Mohand Amokrane, was one of the principal leaders and the namesake of the Mokrani Revolt of 1871 against the French occupation of Algeria.
Thénia (الثنية), sometimes written as Thenia, with around 40,000 inhabitants, is the chief town in the daïra of the same name, in the wilaya of Boumerdès, in northern Algeria. Historically, the name is a contraction of "Theniet Beni Aicha", the Arabic translation of the Kabyle Berber toponym Tizi n At Ɛica. The steep-sided pass, which is only about 800 metres (2,600 ft) wide at its narrowest point, is sometimes taken to mark the transition between Mitidja and Grande Kabylie.
The Raḥmâniyya is an Algerian Sufi order founded by Kabyle religious scholar Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥman al-Azhari Bu Qabrayn in the 1770s. It was initially a branch of the Khalwatîya established in Kabylia region. However, its membership grew unwaveringly elsewhere in Algeria and in North Africa.
Mohamed Seghir Boushaki, was an Algerian Kabyle politician after the French conquest of Algeria.
The Mokrani Revolt was the most important local uprising against France in Algeria since the conquest in 1830.
The Battle of the Col des Beni Aïcha or Battle of Thenia, which broke out on 19 April 1871, was a battle of the Mokrani Revolt between the Algerian rebels, and the France, which was the colonial power in the region since 1830.
Soumâa or Thala Oufella is a village in the Boumerdès Province in Kabylie, Algeria.
Gueddara is a village in the Boumerdès Province in Kabylie, Algeria.
Cheikh Mohamed El-Boumerdassi was one of the principal leaders of the popular Mokrani Revolt uprising of 1871 against the French occupation of Algeria.
Zawiyet Sidi Boumerdassi or Zawiyet Ouled Boumerdès is a zawiya located within Boumerdès Province in Algeria.
The First Battle of Boudouaou in 25–26 May 1837, during the French conquest of Algeria, pitted the troupes coloniales under Colonel Maximilien Joseph Schauenburg against the troops of Kabylia of the Igawawen.
Zawiyet Sidi Amar Cherif, or Zawiyet Sidi Daoud, is a zawiya school located in Boumerdès Province in Algeria.
The First Battle of the Issers in May 1837, during the French conquest of Algeria, pitted the troupes coloniales under General Perrégaux and Colonel Schauenburg against the troops of Kabylia of the Igawawen.
The First Assault of Dellys in May 1837, during the French conquest of Algeria, opposed the troupes coloniales under Corvette captain Félix-Ariel d'Assigny (1794–1846) to the resistance fighters of the town of Dellys in Kabylia of the Igawawen.
Zawiyet Sidi Brahim Boushaki or Zawiyet Thénia is a zawiya of the Rahmaniyya Sufi brotherhood located at Boumerdès Province, in the lower Kabylia region of Algeria.
Mohamed ben Zamoum was a Kabyle marabout who participated in the Algerian resistance against the French conquest of Algeria.
Brahim Boushaki, was an Algerian Scholar, Imam and Sufi Sheikh. He was born in the village of Soumâa near the town of Thénia 53 km east of Algiers. He was raised in a very spiritual environment within Zawiyet Sidi Boushaki with high Islamic values and ethics. He had great interpersonal skills and devoted his entire life in service of Islam and Algeria according to the Algerian Islamic reference.
Omar ben Zamoum was a Kabyle marabout who participated to the Algerian resistance during Mokrani Revolt against the French conquest of Algeria.
The Capture Of Palestro was a battle that happened during the Mokrani Revolt between the Algerian insurgents and the French in 1871.