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| Battle of La Victoria | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Venezuelan War of Independence | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Venezuela |  Spanish Empire | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Francisco de Miranda | Domingo de Monteverde | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 5,000 | 3,000 | ||||||
The Battle of La Victoria occurred on 20 and 29 June 1812, in La Victoria, Venezuela.
Both Spanish assaults on 20 and 29 June on the city of La Victoria by captain Domingo de Monteverde against the forces of Francisco de Miranda were repulsed by the Venezuelan forces entrenched in the city and Monterverde fell back to San Mateo.
Meanwhile, in Puerto Cabello, the Spanish prisoners of war held there, took control of the San Felipe Castle and at the same time, a slave rebellion near Caracas broke out. This convinced Miranda that it would do more harm than good to continue the resistance.
Miranda entered into negotiations with Monteverde and a ceasefire was signed on 25 July 1812. Monteverde did not honour the conditions of the ceasefire and several days later arrested many patriots who had been granted amnesty, including Francisco de Miranda, who would die in prison. The First Venezuelan Republic came to an end when Monteverde's forces entered Caracas on 1 August.
Caracas, officially Santiago de León de Caracas (CCS), is the capital and largest city of Venezuela, and the center of the Metropolitan Region of Caracas. Caracas is located along the Guaire River in the northern part of the country, within the Caracas Valley of the Venezuelan coastal mountain range. The valley is close to the Caribbean Sea, separated from the coast by a steep 2,200-meter-high (7,200 ft) mountain range, Cerro El Ávila; to the south there are more hills and mountains. The Metropolitan Region of Caracas has an estimated population of almost 5 million inhabitants.
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The Admirable Campaign was a military action led by Simón Bolívar in which the provinces of Mérida, Barinas, Trujillo and Caracas were conquered by the Patriots. Its objective was to free Venezuela from Spanish control, which was accomplished in conjunction with Santiago Mariño's simultaneous campaign in the east.
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José Tomás Boves, was a royalist caudillo of the Llanos during the Venezuelan War of Independence, particularly remembered for his brutality and atrocities against those who supported Venezuelan independence. Though nominally pro-Spanish, Boves showed little deference to any superior authority and independently carried out his own military campaign and political agenda, even challenging Royalist norms by arguing for land ownership to pass into the hands of the pardos, mestizos, and Indigenous rather than the landowning elite.
Juan Domingo de Monteverde y Rivas, commonly known as Domingo de Monteverde, was a Spanish soldier, governor and Captain General of Venezuela from June 1812 to 8 August 1813. Monteverde was the leader of Spanish forces in the Venezuelan War of Independence from 1812 to 1813. Monteverde led the military campaign that culminated in the fall of the First Republic of Venezuela in 1812. One year later in 1813, Monteverde was defeated by Simón Bolívar during the Admirable Campaign.
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Juan Germán Roscio was a Venezuelan lawyer and politician of Italian background. He served as the secretary of foreign affairs for the Junta of Caracas, as Venezuela's first foreign minister, and as chief of the Executive during the First Republic of Venezuela. He was also editor for Gazeta de Caracas and ran the Correo del Orinoco. He was the main editor of the Venezuelan Declaration of Independence, the chief architect of the Venezuelan Constitution of 1811 and the electoral rules for the election of the first Congress. He was also president of the Angostura Congress in 1819 and vice president of Gran Colombia.
This is a timeline of events related to the Spanish American wars of independence. Numerous wars against Spanish rule in Spanish America took place during the early 19th century, from 1808 until 1829, directly related to the Napoleonic French invasion of Spain. The conflict started with short-lived governing juntas established in Chuquisaca and Quito opposing the composition of the Supreme Central Junta of Seville. When the Central Junta fell to the French, numerous new Juntas appeared all across the Americas, eventually resulting in a chain of newly independent countries stretching from Argentina and Chile in the south, to Mexico in the north. After the death of the king Ferdinand VII, in 1833, only Cuba and Puerto Rico remained under Spanish rule, until the Spanish–American War in 1898.
Eulalia Ramos Sánchez was a woman involved in the Venezuelan War of Independence.
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The Venezuelan independence was the juridical-political process that put an end to the ties between the Captaincy General of Venezuela and the Spanish Empire. It also implied the replacement of the absolute monarchy by the republic as the form of government in Venezuela.
The Constitution of Venezuela of 1811 was the first Constitution of Venezuela and Ibero-America, promulgated and written by Cristóbal Mendoza and Juan Germán Roscio, being sanctioned by the Constituent Congress of 1811 in the city of Caracas on December 21, 1811. It was overthrown on July 21, 1812 by the capitulation of Francisco de Miranda in San Mateo. The constitution was in force for exactly seven months.
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