Battle of Mount Ortigara

Last updated

Battle of Mount Ortigara
Part of the Italian Front of the First World War
Monte Ortigara.JPG
Mount Ortigara summit
Date10–25 June 1917
Location
Southern Trentino, present-day Italy
46°0′36.000″N11°31′18.998″E / 46.01000000°N 11.52194389°E / 46.01000000; 11.52194389
Result Austro-Hungarian victory [1]
Belligerents
Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg  Italy Flag of Austria-Hungary (1867-1918).svg  Austria-Hungary
Commanders and leaders
Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg Luigi Cadorna
Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg Ettore Mambretti
Flag of Austria-Hungary (1867-1918).svg Arthur Arz von Straussenburg
Flag of Austria-Hungary (1867-1918).svg Viktor Graf von Scheuchenstuel
Units involved
Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg 6th Army Flag of Austria-Hungary (1867-1918).svg 11th Army
Strength
300,000
1,600 guns
100,000
500 guns
Casualties and losses
23,000 dead or wounded 9,000 dead or wounded
Italy relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
Location within Italy

The Battle of Mount Ortigara was fought from 10 to 25 June 1917 between the Italian and Austro-Hungarian armies for possession of Mount Ortigara, in the Asiago Plateau.

Contents

Battle

The attack began on 10 June and after fierce and bloody fighting, the Italian 52nd Alpine Division managed to capture the top of Mount Ortigara.

The Austro-Hungarian command promptly sent many trained reinforcements. On 25 June, the 11 Italian battalions guarding the summit were attacked by Austro-Hungarian shock troops which retook it, the strenuous Italian resistance notwithstanding.

The 52nd Division alone suffered about half the Italian casualties. General Ettore Mambretti, commander of the Sixth Army, was considered responsible for the heavy casualties and removed from command.

A letter from a young soldier, written on the eve of the battle, is part of the museum of the Asiago War Memorial. [2] Adolfo Ferrero wrote this letter to his family shortly before dying in combat, and the letter was later discovered in the personal effects of his page, whose body was exhumed from Mount Ortigara in the 1950s. [2] [3]

Notes

  1. Gooch (2014), p. 222
  2. 1 2 "Sacrario militare di Asiago-Leiten e museo del Sacrario" (in Italian). Itinerari della Grande Guerra. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  3. "Il Sacrario Militare" (in Italian). la radio dell'Altopiano 7 Comuni. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2013.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Caporetto</span> 1917 battle on the Italian front of World War I

The Battle of Caporetto took place on the Italian front of World War I.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asiago</span> Township in Veneto, Italy

Asiago is a minor township with the title of city in the surrounding plateau region in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of Northeastern Italy. It is near the border between the Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regions in the foothills of the Alps, approximately equidistant (60 km) from Trento to the west and Vicenza to the south. The Asiago region is the origin of Asiago cheese. The town was the site of a major battle between Austrian and Italian forces on the Alpine Front of World War I. It is a major ski resort destination, and the site of the Astrophysical Observatory of Asiago, operated by the University of Padua.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Second Battle of the Piave River</span> World War I battle won by Italy

The Second Battle of the Piave River, fought between 15 and 23 June 1918, was a decisive victory for the Italian Army against the Austro-Hungarian Empire during World War I, as Italy was part of the Allied Forces, while Austria-Hungary was part of the Central Powers. Though the battle proved to be a decisive blow to the Austro-Hungarian Empire and by extension the Central Powers, its full significance was not initially appreciated in Italy. Yet Erich Ludendorff, on hearing the news, is reported to have said he 'had the sensation of defeat for the first time'. It would later become clear that the battle was in fact the beginning of the end of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Army (Italy)</span> Italian Army field army, in World War I and II

The 1st Army was a Royal Italian Army field army, in World War I, facing Austro-Hungarian and German forces, and in World War II, fighting on the North African front.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Kolubara</span> 1914 battle during World War I

The Battle of Kolubara was fought between Austria-Hungary and Serbia in November and December 1914, during the Serbian Campaign of 1914.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Vittorio Veneto</span> Battle during World War I (October–November 1918)

The Battle of Vittorio Veneto was fought from 24 October to 3 November 1918 near Vittorio Veneto on the Italian Front during World War I. After having thoroughly defeated Austro-Hungarian troops during the defensive Battle of the Piave River, the Italian army launched a great counter-offensive: the Italian victory marked the end of the war on the Italian Front, secured the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and contributed to the end of the First World War just one week later. The battle led to the capture of over 5,000 artillery pieces and over 350,000 Austro-Hungarian troops, including 120,000 Germans, 83,000 Czechs and Slovaks, 60,000 South Slavs, 40,000 Poles, several tens of thousands of Romanians and Ukrainians, and 7,000 Austro-Hungarian loyalist Italians and Friulians.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Asiago</span> Battle on the Italian Front during World War I

The Südtirol Offensive, also known as the Battle of Asiago or Battle of the Plateaux, wrongly nicknamed Strafexpedition "Punitive expedition", was a major offensive launched by the Austro-Hungarians on the territory of Vicentine Alps in the Italian Front on 15 May 1916, during World War I. It was an "unexpected" attack that took place near Asiago in the province of Vicenza after the Fifth Battle of the Isonzo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">5th Alpini Regiment</span> Active Italian Army mountain infantry unit

The 5th Alpini Regiment is a mountain warfare regiment of the Italian Army based in Sterzing in South Tyrol. The regiment belongs to the Italian Army's Alpini infantry speciality and is assigned to the Alpine Brigade "Julia". On 1 November 1882, the Royal Italian Army formed the 5th Alpini Regiment, which had its recruiting area in the valleys of Northern Lombardy, which lie mostly within the Lepontine Alps, Bergamasque Alps and Livigno Alps. The recruiting area of the 5th Alpini Regiment extended to the Westerns shore of Lake Garda, with the recruiting area of the 6th Alpini Regiment commencing on the Eastern shore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alpini Paratroopers Battalion "Monte Cervino"</span> Italian Army special operations unit

The Alpini Paratroopers Battalion "Monte Cervino" is a Special Forces unit of the Italian Army. The battalion belongs to the Italian Army's Alpini infantry speciality and is assigned to the 4th Alpini Paratroopers Regiment. In November 1915, the Royal Italian Army's 4th Alpini Regiment formed the Alpini Battalion "Monte Cervino", which served during World War I on the Italian front. For its conduct and valor during the war the battalion, which was disbanded in 1919, was awarded a Silver Medal of Military Valor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">15th Alpini Regiment</span> Inactive Italian Army mountain infantry unit

The 15th Alpini Regiment is an inactive mountain warfare regiment of the Italian Army last based in Chiusaforte in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. The regiment belongs to the Italian Army's Alpini infantry speciality and was assigned to the Alpine Brigade "Julia". The regiment was formed in 1992 and consisted of the Alpini Battalion "Cividale", whose flag and traditions it inherited. The regiment's anniversary falls on 5 January 1943, the day of the Battle of Novaya Kalitva in the Soviet Union.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Military history of Italy during World War I</span>

Although a member of the Triple Alliance, Italy did not join the Central Powers – Germany and Austria-Hungary – when the war started with Austria-Hungary's declaration of war on Serbia on 28 July 1914. In fact, the two Central Powers had taken the offensive while the Triple Alliance was supposed to be a defensive alliance. Moreover the Triple Alliance recognized that both Italy and Austria-Hungary were interested in the Balkans and required both to consult each other before changing the status quo and to provide compensation for whatever advantage in that area: Austria-Hungary did consult Germany but not Italy before issuing the ultimatum to Serbia, and refused any compensation before the end of the war.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viktor Graf von Scheuchenstuel</span>

Viktor Graf von Scheuchenstuel was a colonel general in the Austro-Hungarian Army. He was a general staff officer and division commander until World War I broke out. During World War I he was a Corps and Army commander serving in Serbia, Albania and Italy. During World War I he was promoted to Graf in the Austrian nobility. Following the end of World War I and the end of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Scheuchenstuel retired from the military. He died in Vienna.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Corpo Aeronautico Militare</span> Military unit

The Italian Corpo Aeronautico Militare was formed as part of the Regio Esercito on 7 January 1915, incorporating the Aviators Flights Battalion (airplanes), the Specialists Battalion (airships) and the Ballonists Battalion. Prior to World War I, Italy had pioneered military aviation in the Italo-Turkish War during 1911–1912. Its army also contained one of the world's foremost theorists about the future of military aviation, Giulio Douhet; Douhet also had a practical side, as he was largely responsible for the development of Italy's Caproni bombers starting in 1913. Italy also had the advantage of a delayed entry into World War I, not starting the fight until 24 May 1915, but took no advantage of it so far as aviation was concerned.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asiago War Memorial</span> World War I memorial in Asiago, Italy

The Asiago War Memorial is a World War I memorial located in the town of Asiago in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of northeast Italy. Surrounded by mountains that were the site of several World War I battles, the monument houses the remains of over 50,000 Italian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers and is a popular destination for travelers to the region. In Italian the memorial is called Sacrario Militare di Asiago or Sacrario Militare del Leiten. Leiten is the name of the hill on which the memorial sits.

Events from the year 1917 in Italy.

The 6th Army was a field army of the Royal Italian Army which was formed in World War I and World War II.

The Austro-Hungarian Eleventh Army was an Austro-Hungarian field army that fought during World War I.

The 3rd Army was a field army-level command within the ground forces of Austria-Hungary during World War I. It was primarily active on the Eastern Front against the Russian Empire and in the Balkans against Serbia and Montenegro. Later on, the 3rd Army took part in some fighting on the Italian Front before returning to the eastern theater by 1917 to repulse the Kerensky Offensive. Its remaining units were merged with the 7th Army in January 1918.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Redipuglia War Memorial</span> World War I memorial in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy

The Redipuglia War Memorial is a World War I memorial located on the Karst Plateau near the village of Fogliano Redipuglia, in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of northeastern Italy. It is the largest war memorial in Italy and one of the largest in the world, housing the remains of 100,187 Italian soldiers killed between 1915 and 1917 in the eleven battles fought on the Karst and Isonzo front.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antonino Di Giorgio</span> Italian general and politician

Antonino Di Giorgio was an Italian general and politician, who fought in the First Italo-Ethiopian War, the Italo-Turkish War and the First World War, and served as Minister of War of the Kingdom of Italy from April 1924 to April 1925. He resigned after the rejection of his plan for a radical reform of the Royal Italian Army.

References