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The 1140s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1140, and ended on December 31, 1149.
Year 1146 (MCXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1137 (MCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1145 (MCXLV) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
The Zengid or Zangid dynasty, also referred to as the Atabegate of Mosul, Aleppo and Damascus, or the Zengid State was initially an Atabegate of the Seljuk Empire created in 1127. It formed a Turkoman dynasty of Sunni Muslim faith, which ruled parts of the Levant and Upper Mesopotamia, and eventually seized control of Egypt in 1169. In 1174 the Zengid state extended from Tripoli to Hamadan and from Yemen to Sivas. Imad ad-Din Zengi was the first ruler of the dynasty.
Imad al-Din Zengi, also romanized as Zangi, Zengui, Zenki, and Zanki, was a Turkoman atabeg of the Seljuk Empire, who ruled Mosul, Aleppo, Hama, and, later, Edessa. He was the namesake and founder of the Zengid dynasty of atabegs.
Nūr al-Dīn Maḥmūd Zengī, commonly known as Nur ad-Din, was a Turkoman member of the Zengid dynasty, who ruled the Syrian province of the Seljuk Empire. He reigned from 1146 to 1174. He is regarded as an important figure of the Second Crusade.
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Pons was count of Tripoli from 1112 to 1137. He was a minor when his father, Bertrand, died in 1112. He swore fealty to the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos in the presence of a Byzantine embassy. His advisors sent him to Antioch to be educated in the court of Tancred of Antioch, ending the hostilities between the two crusader states. Tancred granted four important fortresses to Pons in the Principality of Antioch. Since Pons held his inherited lands in fief of the kings of Jerusalem, Tancred's grant strengthened the autonomy of the County of Tripoli. On his deathbed, Tancred also arranged the marriage of his wife, Cecile of France, to Pons.
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Qutb al-Din Mawdud was the Zengid Emir of Mosul from 1149 to 1169. He was the son of Imad al-Din Zengi and brother and successor of Sayf al-Din Ghazi I.
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The siege of Emesa was laid by the forces of Rashidun Caliphate from December 635 up until March 636. This led to the Islamic conquest of Emesa, which was a major trading city of the Byzantine Empire in the Levant.
The military history of the Crusader states begins with the formation of the County of Edessa in 1097 and ends with the loss of Ruad in 1302, the last Christian stronghold in the Holy Land.
The Battle of al-Atharib occurred in 1130 when Imad al-Din Zengi laid siege to al-Atharib in spring and defeated an army led against him to relieve the town commanded by King Baldwin.
The Zengid campaign against Antioch occurred in 1135 when Imad al-Din Zengi staged a successful campaign against the Principality of Antioch.
This chronology presents the timeline of the Crusades from the beginning of the First Crusade in 1095 to the fall of Jerusalem in 1187. This is keyed towards the major events of the Crusades to the Holy Land, but also includes those of the Reconquista and Northern Crusades as well as the Byzantine-Seljuk wars.
Hamdan ibn ʿAbd al-Rahim al-Atharibi was a 12th-century Muslim chronicler and poet that lived in the Levant under Crusader and Muslim rule. Living through a turbulent period in the history of Syria, his experiences aligned with major events.
References
- 1 2 Alptekin, Coskun. "The reign of Zangī (521-541/1127-1146)." PhD diss., SOAS University of London, 1972.
- 1 2 Mikaberidze, Alexander, ed. Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia, 2 volumes: A Historical Encyclopedia. abc-clio, 2011.
- ↑ Baldwin, Marshall W. A History of the Crusades, Volume 1: The First Hundred Years. Vol. 1. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016.
- ↑ Rousset, Marie-Odile. "Hadir, Hadir–Qinnasrin, Qinnasrin, que sait-on de la capitale de la Syrie du Nord au début de l'Islam?." In Residences, Castles, Settlements. Transformation Processes from Late Antiquity to Early Islam in Bilad al-Sham, pp. 355-374. 2006.