Beksi

Last updated

Beksi Silat is one of the most popular traditional martial arts (Betawi: maen pukul) of the Betawinese. [1] [2] This kuntao-silat hybrid style was originally developed in Kampung Dadap, a village in Kosambi district of Tangerang Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia. [1] [3] The founder of this style combined elements of his ancestral Chinese martial arts with the silat knowledge he received from his Betawi teachers. The style spread through his disciples to the coastal Betawinese and the Benteng Chinese around Kampung Dadap. Eventually, the silat style also reached Petukangan Selatan in South Jakarta and Batujaya in Tangerang. [1]

Contents

Etymology

Opinions on the origin of the term Beksi vary. According to silat researcher G.J. Nawi, the term evolved from the phrase Bhe Si, which means 'horse stance' in Hokkien. [1]

History

Beksi Silat was originally created by Lie Tjeng Hok, a peranakan Chinese farmer who created a unique mixed martial art that combined elements from his family's martial arts and Betawinese martial arts. [1] His Betawinese martial arts masters are recorded as Ki Jidan and Ki Miah (also spelled Ki Maimah). [1]

Lie Tjeng Hok taught the martial arts to his students, the Peranakan Chinese, and the coastal Betawinese around his home in Kampung Dadap, Kosambi, Tangerang. One of his most talented Betawinese students was Ki Muharli (or Marhali). [1] Ki Muharli then had a Peranakan-Betawinese disciple named H. Gozali (or Godjalih) bin H. Gatong, who then taught his knowledge to his students in Petukangan, South Jakarta [3] and in Batujaya, Batuceper, Tangerang. [1] The main disciples of H. Gozali included Kong H. Hasbullah bin Misin, [4] Kong M. Nur, Kong Simin, and Kong Mandor Minggu [5] - who also studied with Ki Muharli. [1] Among others, Lie Djie Tong and his successors were those who continue to teach this style in the vicinity of Kampung Dadap. [1] From these places, the Beksi Silat styles spread throughout southeast Asia. [1] [4] [5]

It is estimated that there are at least 120 Beksi Silat clubs in the Jabodetabek area that participated in the Girli and Beksi Village Festival 2016 in the village of Batusari, in Batuceper, Tangerang. [6]

Forms

Basic forms

Generally, Beksi Silat schools teach 12 basic forms or moves (Betawi: jurus), each of which has its own advanced forms (Betawi: kembangan). [1] [4] According to four grandmasters of Beksi schools in Petukangan, although there are differences in names and sequences, most schools teach at least 3 basic forms with the same names and sequences, namely: 1. Beksi, 2. Gedig, 3. Tancep. [1]

Form names

Below are the form names of the Beksi Silat, according to Eddy Wijaya (H. Oki): [1]

  1. Loco Buni (Pukulan Celentang)
  2. Goleng (Ngeles/Menghindar)
  3. Bandut Atas - Bandut Bawah
  4. Singkur Kiri - Singkur Kanan
  5. Tiles (Pukul Kanan)
  6. Jejek Kaki
  7. Raub, or Saub (for hands)
  8. Dedak Kuda ke Tanah
  9. Tangkis
  10. Sikut Belakang - Sikut Depan
  11. Kibas Luar
  12. Tangkep Dalem - Tangkep Luar
  13. Kepret (down to the side and to the front with the fingers)
  14. Totok (with a finger to the face)
  15. Jurus Cabut Pisau
  16. Jurus Pedang Tangan Kosong
  17. Jurus Pedang Serangkai
  18. Jurus Bangau Terbang
  19. Jurus Ganden
  20. Jurus Toya (Jurus Toya 1 - Jurus Toya 2)
  21. Susul (Dobel Pukulan)
  22. Baduk Kebo
  23. Tekuk Saub

In addition, there is also a mentioned Beksi move which uses the foot, called Sam Kauw or Resiah Sembilan. [1]

Schools' lineage

Ki JidanKi MaihLie A Djam
Lie Tjeng Hok
Ki MuharliLie Tong SanLie Loen NioThe Tong SieLim A PohLim A LiongOuw Wa WahYo Kie LiongThio Eng LimYo Eng Kiat
H. GozaliLie Do TonLie Djie TeLie Djie TongTjeng SanTo Liang
SiminM. NurH. HasbullahMandor MingguEddy Wijaya
(H. Oki)
SuhantoSuhandiAli

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Banten</span> Province of Indonesia in western Java

Banten is the westernmost province on the island of Java, Indonesia. Its capital city is Serang and its largest city is Tangerang. The province borders West Java and the Special Capital Region of Jakarta on the east, the Java Sea on the north, the Indian Ocean on the south, and the Sunda Strait on the west and shares a maritime border with Bengkulu and Lampung to the east and Bangka Belitung Islands to the north. The province covers an area of 9,352.77 km2 (3,611.12 sq mi). It had a population of over 11.9 million in the 2020 census, up from about 10.6 million in 2010. The estimated mid-2023 population was 12.308 million. Formerly part of the province of West Java, Banten was split off to become a province on 17 October 2000.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Silat Melayu</span> Malay martial art

Silat Melayu, also known as Seni Persilatan Melayu or simply Silat, is a combative art of self-defence from the Malay world, that employs langkah ('steps') and jurus ('movements') to ward off or to strike assaults, either with or without weapons. Silat traced its origin to the early days of Malay civilisation, and has since developed into a fine tradition of physical and spiritual training that embodies aspects of traditional Malay attire, performing art and adat. The philosophical foundation of modern Malay Silat is largely based on the Islamic spirituality. Its moves and shapes are rooted from the basis of Silat movements called Bunga Silat, and Silat performances are normally accompanied with Malay drum assembles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kuntao</span> Hokkien term for the martial arts of the Chinese community

Kuntao or kuntau is a Hokkien term for the martial arts of the Chinese community of Southeast Asia, specifically the Malay Archipelago. It is most commonly practiced in and associated with Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tangerang</span> Largest city of Banten, Indonesia

Tangerang is a city in the province of Banten, Indonesia. Located on the western border of Jakarta, it is the third largest urban centre in the Greater Jakarta metropolitan area after Jakarta and Bekasi; the sixth largest city proper in the nation; and the largest city in Banten province. It has an area of 164.55 km2 (63.53 sq mi) and an official 2010 Census population of 1,798,601, which had risen to 1,895,486 at the 2020 Census – making it the eighth most populated suburb in the world at the latter date; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,912,679 - comprising 961,354 males and 951,325 females.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pencak silat</span> Indonesian martial art

Pencak silat is an umbrella term for a class of related Indonesian martial arts. In neighbouring countries, the term usually refers to professional competitive silat. It is a full-body fighting form incorporating strikes, grappling, and throwing, in addition to weaponry. Every part of the body is used and subject to attack. Pencak silat was practiced not only for physical defense but also for psychological ends. There are hundreds of different pencak silat styles and schools which tend to focus either on strikes, joint manipulation, weaponry, or some combination thereof.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Betawi people</span> Ethnic group in Indonesia

Betawi people or Batavians, are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the city of Jakarta and its immediate outskirts, as such often described as the native inhabitants of the city. They are the descendants of the people who inhabited Batavia from the 17th century onwards.

Tuan Haji Anuar bin Haji Abdul Wahab AMN was a grandmaster of Seni Gayung Fatani who, during his time, revolutionized the teaching and practice of silat in Malaysia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Silat</span> Southeast Asian martial art

Silat is the collective term for a class of indigenous martial arts from the Nusantara and surrounding geocultural areas of Southeast Asia. It is traditionally practised in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Southern Thailand, Southern Philippines and Southern Vietnam. There are hundreds of different styles (aliran) and schools (perguruan) which tend to focus either on strikes, joint manipulation, weaponry, or some combination thereof.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bakti Negara</span>

Bakti Negara is a style of pencak silat from Bali. It is firmly rooted in old Balinese Hinduism and philosophies of Indonesia. The name means "national devotion", from the Sanskrit words bhakti (devotion) and nagara (country). It is the most widely practiced martial art in Bali and the most well-known style of Balinese silat, to the point that the system is commonly referred to simply as pencak Bali or kuntao Bali.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International Pencak Silat Federation</span>

The International Pencak Silat Federation, which was founded in Jakarta on 11 March 1980, is the only international Pencak Silat organization in the world. The International Pencak Silat Federation (IPSF) is the largest international governing body of competitive pencak silat with 66 member countries. IPSF is the only pencak silat organization recognised by the Olympic Council of Asia and has more than five million members. The IPSF organizes the Junior and Senior World Pencak Silat Championships, which are each held every other year. The President of the IPSF is Prabowo Subianto, and the headquarters are located in TMII, Jakarta, Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Weapons of pencak silat</span>

Listed here are the weapons of pencak silat. The most common are the machete, staff, kris, sickle, spear, and kerambit. Because Southeast Asian society was traditionally based around agriculture, many of these weapons were originally farming tools.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inti Ombak</span> Indonesian martial art style

Inti Ombak is a style of pencak silat which blends martial arts descended from the Mataram Kingdom of Central Java with those hailing from the island of Madura. In English it is often abbreviated to IOPS, short for "Inti Ombak Pencak Silat". The Inti Ombak Pencak Silat Union is guided by three caretakers in accordance with the Javanese adage "In the front as a leader, in the middle as a moderator, in the back as an advocate". The current caretakers are Ki Poleng Sudamala of Yogyakarta, Daniel Prasetya of Colorado, and Tjahjadi Tanudjaya of Tengerang. The school's international headquarters are located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia while the US headquarters are in Ault, Colorado.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indonesian martial arts</span> Overview of martial arts in Indonesia

Indonesian martial arts includes a variety of fighting systems native to or developed in the archipelago of Indonesia, both the age-old traditional arts, and the more recently developed hybrid combatives. In the Indonesian language the term bela-diri is used to mean martial art, and in essence the Indonesian fighting arts are meant as one's defence against perceived threat and assault. Other than physical training, they often include spiritual aspects to cultivate inner strength, inner peace and higher psychological ends.

Cingkrik Silat is one of the traditional pencak silat styles of the Betawinese. This style originally came from the Rawa Belong area, which is now part of the Kebon Jeruk subdistrict, West Jakarta, Indonesia. This style was created by Ki Maing around the 1920s. Cingkrik Silat has now been spread to various places in Jakarta through many silat schools opened by its practitioners.

Perguruan Silat Mustika Kwitang, or simply called Kwitang silat, is a Betawinese pencak silat style. It was originally developed in the Kwitang village, which is now part of the Senen subdistrict in Central Jakarta, Indonesia. This style is a hybrid martial arts, developed by combining the local silat with the Chinese-influenced kuntao. The Mustika Kwitang Silat School was founded in 1945 by H. Muhammad Djaelani, who previously studied the martial arts from his own family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate</span>

Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate is a sports and pencak silat organization from East Java, Indonesia, created by Ki Hadjar Hardjo Oetomo in 1922 and was later agreed to be renamed to Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate at its first congress in Madiun in 1948.

Silat Sabeni Tenabang, often shortened as Sabeni silat, is one of the Betawinese pencak silat styles. The style was created by its eponymous founder Sabeni bin Canam around the end of the 19th century, when Indonesia was still in the Dutch colonial period. It was originally developed in the Tanah Abang district, now part of Central Jakarta, Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eddy Djadjang Djajaatmadja</span>

Eddy Djadjang Djajaatmadja is an Indonesian army officer and bureaucrat who served as the mayor of Central Jakarta from 1966 until 1979 and as the acting governor of Central Sulawesi from 1979 until 1980.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pencak Silat Harimau</span> Indonesian martial art

Pencak Silat Harimau also known as Silat Harimau is a Minangkabau style of pencak silat originating from West Sumatra, Indonesia. Silat Harimau has movements that are used to resemble the technique and philosophy of a tiger. Silat harimau has agile techniques and beautiful movements. However, behind these techniques and movements, there are various deadly attacks that are applied to immobilize the enemy very quickly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bendo (knife)</span> Golok, Cleaver

The Bendo is a traditional bladed tool from Java, Indonesia. Betawi people would regard the Bendo as a domestic household tool and sometimes it is also called golok dapur, which means a "kitchen golok".

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Nawi, G. J. (2016). Maen Pukulan Pencak Silat Khas Betawi: Maen Pukulan Pencak Silat Khas Betawi (in Indonesian). Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia. pp. 61–75. ISBN   9789794619834.
  2. "Betawi pencak silat adapts to modern times". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 2017-10-24.
  3. 1 2 "Perguruan Silat Haji Godjalih Merawat Tradisi Menghargai Warisan Leluhur | HOKI | Harian Online KabarIndonesia". www.kabarindonesia.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2017-10-24.
  4. 1 2 3 "Silat Beksi, Olahraga Beladiri Betawi Bernuansa Islami". Sportourism.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2017-10-24.[ permanent dead link ]
  5. 1 2 "PS Beksi Mandor Minggu, Upaya Melestarikan dan Mengembangkan Silat Beksi | HOKI | Harian Online KabarIndonesia". kabarindonesia.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2017-10-24.
  6. "Silat Beksi Dijadikan Daya Tarik Wisata Baru | Republika Online". Republika Online (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2017-10-24.