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Benkoelen Residency Residentie Benkoelen | |
---|---|
Residency of Dutch East Indies | |
1824–1942 | |
Map of Benkoelen ressidentie | |
Capital | Benkoelen |
History | |
History | |
2 June 1824 | |
14 February – 28 March 1942 | |
Today part of | Bengkulu |
Benkoelen Residency (Dutch : Residentie Benkoelen), also spelled Bencoolen, is an administrative subdivision of the Dutch East Indies, covering the present-day province of Bengkulu, Indonesia. Benkoelen was a British colony before they ceded it to the Netherlands in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824. [1] It was one of the control center of the Dutch before independence, though after independence it became the resident of Bengkulu prefect. Initially it was the part of Sumatra, with the division of Sumatra, it became the part of Southern Sumatra. Further, on the demand of Bengkulu Struggle Agency and according to Law no. 9/1967 Junkto Government Regulation no. 20/1968, [2] Bengkulu became an all-new province, thereby making the Benkoelen Residency a part of it. [3]
On August 17, 1945 Proclamation of Independence of the Republic of Indonesia announced to the international world by Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta. On the following day Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta was elected as the President and Vice President of Indonesia respectively. On August 20, 1945, this news was officially accepted in the city of Bengkulu followed by the establishment of a government agency for compiling the Republic of Indonesia in Bengkulu. [2]
On October 3, 1945, Ir. Indra Tjaya was appointed as the prefect of Sumatra by Mr. T.M. Hasan (Governor of Sumatra, North Sumatra) as well as the resident of Bengkulu. After his appointment, he entered into a negotiations with the Resident of Bengkulu, Z.Inomata to submit the Residency area to the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. After a few negotiations, on October 27, 1945, Bengkulu Residency have been submitted by the Japanese Government to the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. [2]
In early 1946, government of Republic of Indonesia faced a crisis, National Day Labor Agency of Indonesia (BPHNI) demands the reorganization of government throughout the Prefecture of Bengkulu, thereby forcing Ir. Indra Tjaya to resign his post. He also left the Bengkulu Residency after that. [2]
On 28 April 1946, Mr. Hazairin (Chairman of the District Court Sibolga - Bengkulu Regional Son) was appointed as a Resident of Bengkulu by Mr. T.M. Hasan. Mr. Hazairin immediately took control of the messy situation and started rearranging the local governments wisely without harming the interests of any parties. [2]
On 15 April 1948, Sumatra province is divided into 3 (three) provinces, namely North Sumatra, Central Sumatra and South Sumatra Province. Bengkulu Residency became the part of Southern Sumatra. [2]
On 19 December 1948, the Dutch broke the Renville agreement by attacking areas of the Republic of Indonesia which was not yet occupied, including the Residency Bengkulu, thereby forcing the resident of Bengkulu Residency Mr.Hazairin to retreat to the town of Muara Aman and Government of South Sumatra Province was also transferred to the City of Muara Aman. [2]
On 26 November 1949, in South Bengkulu formed a military delegation led by Lieutenant Colonel Barlian, Commander Sub Territorium Bengkulu, to accept the handover of the entire area of Bengkulu from the Netherlands. [2]
On 27 December 1949, Bengkulu Residency is recovered and Regent M. Hasan was appointed as a resident of Bengkulu. [2]
In 1962, a group of local community leaders formed Bengkulu Struggle Agency with a demand to make Bengkulu as a province. [2]
On 18 November 1968, on the basis of Law no. 9/1967 Junkto Government Regulation no. 20/1968, Bengkulu Residency officially become one of the province in the Republic of Indonesia, with Ali Amin as Governor of Bengkulu. [2]
The Indonesian National Revolution, or the Indonesian War of Independence, was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during postwar and postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands' transfer of sovereignty over the Dutch East Indies to the Republic of the United States of Indonesia at the end of 1949.
Sukarno was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967.
Bengkulu, historically known as Bencoolen, is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the southwest coast of Sumatra. It was formed on 18 November 1968 by separating out the area of the historic Bencoolen Residency from the province of South Sumatra under Law No. 9 of 1967 and was finalized by Government Regulation No. 20 of 1968. Spread over 20,130.21 km2, it is bordered by the provinces of West Sumatra to the north, Jambi to the northeast, Lampung to the southeast, and South Sumatra to the east, and by the Indian Ocean to the northwest, south, southwest, and west.
Mohammad Hatta was an Indonesian statesman and nationalist who served as the country's first vice president. Known as "The Proclamator", he and a number of Indonesians, including the first president of Indonesia, Sukarno, fought for the independence of Indonesia from the Dutch. Hatta was born in Fort de Kock, Dutch East Indies. After his early education, he studied in Dutch schools in the Dutch East Indies and studied in the Netherlands from 1921 until 1932.
The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence was read at 10:00 on Friday, 17 August 1945 in Jakarta. The declaration marked the start of the diplomatic and armed resistance of the Indonesian National Revolution, fighting against the forces of the Netherlands and pro-Dutch civilians, until the latter officially acknowledged Indonesia's independence in 1949. The document was signed by Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta, who were appointed president and vice-president respectively the following day.
The 1945 State Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is the supreme law and basis for all laws of Indonesia.
The Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence, sometimes referred to as the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence, was an organization set up in March 1945 by the Japanese military authority in Java during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies as the initial stage of the establishment of independence for the area under the control of the Japanese 16th Army. The BPUPK held two plenary meetings; the first was from 28 May to 1 June 1945 and the second was between 10 and 17 July 1945.
Bengkulu, formerly Bencoolen is the capital of the Indonesian province of Bengkulu. The city is the second largest city on the west coast of Sumatra Island after Padang. Previously this area was under the influence of the kingdom of Inderapura and the Sultanate of Banten. The city also became the exile of Sukarno during the period of 1939–1942. It covers an area of 151.70 km2 and had a population of 308,544 at the 2010 Census and 373,591 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 384,841. The city is also the only city of Bengkulu Province.
This is the Timeline of Indonesian National Revolution
The Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence, PPKI, Japanese: 独立準備委員会, romanized: Dokuritsu Junbi Iinkai) was a body established on 7 August 1945 to prepare for the transfer of authority from the occupying Japanese to Indonesia. It approved and promulgated the first Indonesian constitution, and appointed Sukarno president.
Sjafruddin Prawiranegara was an Indonesian statesman and economist. He served in various roles during his career, including as head of government in the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia, as Minister of Finance in several cabinets, and as the first Governor of Bank Indonesia. Sjafruddin later became the prime minister of the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia, a shadow government set up in opposition to the country's central government.
Sjafruddin Prawiranegara's Emergency Cabinet was the government of the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PDRI), effectively Indonesia's government-in-exile, established in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra following the second Dutch military aggression when the republican capital of Yogyakarta was seized and most of the cabinet allowed itself to be captured in the hope of attracting sympathy from the outside world.
The Natsir Cabinet was the first cabinet formed after the dissolution of the United Republic of Indonesia and returned to the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. This cabinet was in charge from 6 September 1950 – 20 March 1951.
Teuku Mohammad Hasan was an Indonesian politician and national hero from Aceh, who served as the first and only governor of Sumatra from 1945 until 1948. He also served as a cabinet minister in Sjafruddin Prawiranegara's emergency cabinet and was a member of both the Senate of the United States of Indonesia (USI) and the Provisional People's Representative Council (DPRS) of the Republic of Indonesia.
The State of East Sumatra was established by the Netherlands after the reoccupation of North Sumatra in July, 1947, during the first of the Dutch "police actions" against the fledgling Republic of Indonesia. In 1949, as part of a peace deal that concluded the Indonesian National Revolution, it joined the United States of Indonesia, of which the Republic was also a component state. In August, 1950, it was absorbed into the Republic as part of the province of North Sumatra. The area covered by the former state included the present-day regencies of Langkat, Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagai, Karo, Simalungan, Batubara and Asahan, together with the cities geographically within those regencies.
Bengkulu, historically spelled as Bencoolen or Benkoelen , is a province of Indonesia on the island of Sumatra.
Dr. Abubakar Jaar was a civil servant and lawyer for the Dutch East Indies. After the independence of Indonesia, he was mayor of Padang and resident of North Sumatra replacing Luat Siregar and resident of West Sumatra.
}} Colonel Maludin Simbolon was an Indonesian military officer, independence fighter, and Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia's (PRRI) Cabinet.
Mr. Sutan Mohammad Amin Nasution, also known by his birth name Krueng Raba Nasution, was an Acehnese–Mandailing lawyer and politician.
The Central Advisory Council was the name given to bodies established by the Japanese military administration in Java and Sumatra in 1943 during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies to notionally provide Indonesians with popular representation.