Berdy Kerbabayev

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Berdy Kerbabayev
Born(1894-03-03)March 3, 1894
The village Kowki-Zeren, Tejen District, Transcaspia, Russian Empire
DiedMarch 3, 1974(1974-03-03) (aged 80)
Ashkhabad, Turkmen SSR, USSR
Nationality Turkmen

Berdy Muradovich Kerbabayev (turkm. Berdy Myradowiç Kerbabaýew) was a Soviet Turkmen writer, the national writer of the Turkmen SSR (1967), an academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Turkmen SSR (1951) and a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union since 1948.

Turkmen is the official language of Turkmenistan and the language of the Turkmen peoples of Central Asia. It is a Turkic language spoken by 3.5 million people in Turkmenistan as well as by around 719,000 people in northeastern Iran and 1.5 million people in northwestern Afghanistan. Not all "Turkmen" in northeastern Iran are speakers of Turkmen; many are speakers of Khorasani Turkic.

Communist Party of the Soviet Union political party founded in 1912

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was the founding and ruling political party of the Soviet Union. The CPSU was the sole governing party of the Soviet Union until 1990, when the Congress of People's Deputies modified Article 6 of the most recent 1977 Soviet constitution, which had granted the CPSU a monopoly over the political system.

Contents

Biography

B. Kerbabayev was born on March 3, 1894, in the family of a farmer. He studied at the village school (mekdep) till 1917, then continued his studies at Bukhara Madrasa. He participated in the Basmachi Movement (the troop of Eziz-khan Chapyk). In May, 1919 he turned to RRKKA. During the Civil War served as the worker of the political department of the Transcaspian Front. In 1919 – 1924 worked as the instructor of the district and the head of the rural department of the national education. In 1927 – 1928 studied at the Leningrad Orientalism Institute. In 1924 – 1934 worked as the editor of "Turkmenistan" newspaper and "Tokmak" magazine. In 1934-1936 was the head of science administration of the Turkmen SSR. In 1942 – 1950 he was the head of Turkmen SSR Union of Writers, later being elected as the deputy of Supreme Soviet of the Turkmen SSR. He was also the member of the Committee on Stalin Prize.

Madrasa school or college, often providing an Islamic education

Madrasa is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious, whether for elementary instruction or higher learning. The word is variously transliterated madrasah, medresa, madrassa, madraza, medrese, etc. In the West, the word usually refers to a specific type of religious school or college for the study of the Islamic religion, though this may not be the only subject studied.

Russian Civil War multi-party war in the former Russian Empire, November 1917-October 1922

The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire immediately after the two Russian Revolutions of 1917, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future. The two largest combatant groups were the Red Army, fighting for the Bolshevik form of socialism led by Vladimir Lenin, and the loosely allied forces known as the White Army, which included diverse interests favoring political monarchism, economic capitalism and alternative forms of socialism, each with democratic and antidemocratic variants. In addition, rival militant socialists and nonideological Green armies fought against both the Bolsheviks and the Whites. Eight foreign nations intervened against the Red Army, notably the former Allied military forces from the World War and the pro-German armies. The Red Army eventually defeated the White Armed Forces of South Russia in Ukraine and the army led by Admiral Aleksandr Kolchak to the east in Siberia in 1919. The remains of the White forces commanded by Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel were beaten in Crimea and evacuated in late 1920. Lesser battles of the war continued on the periphery for two more years, and minor skirmishes with the remnants of the White forces in the Far East continued well into 1923. The war ended in 1923 in the sense that Bolshevik communist control of the newly formed Soviet Union was now assured, although armed national resistance in Central Asia was not completely crushed until 1934. There were an estimated 7,000,000–12,000,000 casualties during the war, mostly civilians. The Russian Civil War has been described by some as the greatest national catastrophe that Europe had yet seen.

USSR State Prize award

The USSR State Prize was the Soviet Union's state honor. It was established on September 9, 1966. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the prize was followed up by the State Prize of the Russian Federation.

Personal life

He had two sons  – Bairam and Baki.

Histology study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals

Histology, also microanatomy, is the branch of biology which studies the tissues of animals and plants using microscopy. It is commonly studied using a light microscope or electron microscope, the specimen having been sectioned, stained, and mounted on a microscope slide. Histological studies may be conducted using tissue culture, where live animal cells are isolated and maintained in an artificial environment for various research projects. The ability to visualize or differentially identify microscopic structures is frequently enhanced through the use of staining. Histology is one of the major preclinical subjects in medical school. Medical students are expected to be familiar with the morphological features and function of all cells and tissues of the human body from an early stage of their studies, so histology often stretches over several semesters.

Turkmen State Medical University is a Turkmen medical university. Founded in 1931, it is the only medical university in Turkmenistan with more than 3,000 students. It is located in Ashgabat. The university reports to the Ministry of Health (Turkmenistan) and the Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan.

Expert occupation

An expert is someone who has a prolonged or intense experience through practice and education in a particular field. Informally, an expert is someone widely recognized as a reliable source of technique or skill whose faculty for judging or deciding rightly, justly, or wisely is accorded authority and status by peers or the public in a specific well-distinguished domain. An expert, more generally, is a person with extensive knowledge or ability based on research, experience, or occupation and in a particular area of study. Experts are called in for advice on their respective subject, but they do not always agree on the particulars of a field of study. An expert can be believed, by virtue of credential, training, education, profession, publication or experience, to have special knowledge of a subject beyond that of the average person, sufficient that others may officially rely upon the individual's opinion. Historically, an expert was referred to as a sage (Sophos). The individual was usually a profound thinker distinguished for wisdom and sound judgment.

Literary works

Berdi Kerbabayev started his creative work in 1923. Since that period he had published more than 30 literary works of various genres: several plays, librettos, poems, literary scenarios and some prose works. At the same time he translated the works of A. S. Pushkin, M. Y. Lermontov, N. V. Gogol, L. N. Tolstoy into the Turkmen language. In the poems "Girls’ World" (1927), "Enslaved" (1928), "To the New Life" (1930), the author described the hard lot of the Turkmen woman in the past. He also supported norms of the socialistic morals. The poem "Amu-Darya" (1930) is devoted to the socialistic construction. In the historical novel "The Decisive Step" (vol. 1-2, 1940 – 1947; vol. 3, 1955) the role of agriculture in the socialistic revolution and friendly relations of Turkmen farmers with Russians are depicted vividly. During World War II the play "The Hero of the Soviet Union Kurban Durdy" (1942), the poem "Ailar" (1943), the tragedy about the great Turkmen poet and patriot "Magtymguly" (1943), the play "Brothers" (1943), the libretto for the first modern Turkmen opera "Abadan", the short stories "Who won?", "Aspiration" and others were published. In post-war period the theme of the socialistic labour prevails in the author's works – the story about the daily life of collective farming village "Aysoltan from the land of white gold" (1949), the novel "Nebit-Dag" (1957) about the oil industry workers. The novel "Born by a Miracle" (1965) narrates about the Turkmen revolutionist K. Atabaev.

Libretto text used for an extended musical work

A libretto is the text used in, or intended for, an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata or musical. The term libretto is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as the Mass, requiem and sacred cantata, or the story line of a ballet.

In the performing arts, a scenario is a synoptical collage of an event or series of actions and events. In the Commedia dell'arte it was an outline of entrances, exits, and action describing the plot of a play, and was literally pinned to the back of the scenery. It is also known as canovaccio or "that which is pinned to the canvas" of which the scenery was constructed.

Alexander Pushkin Russian poet

Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin was a Russian poet, playwright, and novelist of the Romantic era who is considered by many to be the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian literature.

Bibliography

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References

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