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In Odia and Sanskrit, Besha means dress or adornment. Lord Jagannath and his siblings are adorned with different beshas throughout the year. Out of all beshas of lord Jagannath and his siblings, the Suna Besha, are held several times during a year. The all beshas of lord Jagannath and his siblings are listed below :
| Name | Month | Tithi (days) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gajanana/Hati Besha | Jeshtha | Purnima | [1] |
| Naba Jaubana Besha | Ashadha | Amabasya | [2] |
| Suna Besha | Ashadha | Shukla Ekadashi | [3] |
| Bana Bhoji Besha | Bhaadra | Krushna Dashami | [4] |
| Kaliya Dalana Besha | Bhaadra | Krushna Ekadashi | [5] |
| Pralambasura Baddha Besha | Bhaadra | Krushna Dwadashi | [6] |
| Krushna Balaram Besha | Bhaadra | Krushna Trayodashi | |
| Bali Vamana Besha | Bhaadra | Shukla Dwadashi | |
| Suna/Raja Besha | Ashvin | Shukla Dashami(Vijaya Dashami or Dashahara) | [7] |
| Radha Damodar Besha | Ashvin & Kartika | Ashvin Shukla Ekadashi to Kartika Shukla Dashami | |
| Harihara Besha | Kartika | All Mondays between Kartika Amabasya(Deepawali) to Kartika Shukla Dashami | |
| Thia Kia/Lakshmi Narayan Besha | Kartika | Shukla Ekadashi | |
| Bankachuda Besha | Kartika | Shukla Dwadashi | |
| Adakia/Tribikram Besha | Kartika | Shukla Trayodashi | |
| Dalikia/Lakshmi Nrusingha Besha | Kartika | Shukla Chaturdashi | |
| Nagarjuna Besha | Kartika | Shukla Mala tithi between Kartika Shukla Dwadashi to Kartika Shukla Chaturdashi | |
| Suna/Raja Rajeswar Besha | Kartika | Purnima | [7] |
| Shraddha Besha | Margashira | Krushna Chaturdashi, Amabasya & Shukla Pratipada | |
| Ghodalagi Besha | Margashira, Pausha & Magha | Margashira Shukla Shashthi(Odhana Shashthi) to Magha Shukla Panchami(Basanta Panchami) | |
| Jamalagi Besha | Magha & Phalguna | Magha Shukla Panchami(Basanta Panchami) to Phalguna Shukla Dashami(Phagu Dashami) | |
| Nabanka Besha | Makar | One day before the Makar Sankranti | |
| Makara Chaurashi Besha | Makar | Makar Sankranti | |
| Suna Besha/Pushyabhisheka Besha/Raja Besha | Pausha | Purnima | [7] |
| Padma Besha | Magha | Wednesday or Saturday between Magha Amabasya to Magha Shukla Panchami(Basanta Panchami) | [8] |
| Gaja Uddharana Besha | Magha | Purnima | [9] |
| Chacheri Besha | Phalguna | Phalguna Shukla Dashami(Phagu Dashami) to Phalguna Shukla Chaturdashi | |
| Suna Besha/Raja Besha | Phalguna | Purnima | [7] |
| Raghunath Besha | Vaishakha | It had been held last time on April 27, 1905, Thursday | [10] |
| Chandana Lagi Besha | Vaishakha & Jeshtha | Vaishakha Shukla Trutiya(Akshaya Tritiya) to Jeshtha Shukla Chaturdashi |
Jagannath is a deity worshipped in regional Hindu traditions in India and Bangladesh as part of a triad along with his brother Balabhadra, and sister, Subhadra. Jagannath, within Odia Hinduism, is the supreme god, Purushottama, and the Para Brahman. To most Vaishnava Hindus, particularly the Krishnaites, Jagannath is an abstract representation of Krishna, or Vishnu, sometimes as the avatar of Krishna or Vishnu. To some Shaiva and Shakta Hindus, he is a symmetry-filled tantric form of Bhairava, a fierce manifestation of Shiva associated with annihilation.
The Ratha Yatraof Puri, also rendered as the Ratha Jatra, is considered the oldest and largest Hindu chariot festival celebrated annually, on the bright half of the lunar month of Ashadh (June–July). The festival is held at the city of Puri, in the state of Odisha, India and associated with the deity Jagannath. During the festival, three deities are drawn by a multitude of devotees in three massive, wooden chariots on bada danda to Gundicha Temple whereby they reside there for a week and then return to the Jagnannath temple.
Puri is a coastal city and a municipality in the state of Odisha in eastern India. It is the district headquarters of Puri district and is situated on the Bay of Bengal, 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of the state capital of Bhubaneswar. It is also known as Sri Jagannatha Dhama after the 12th-century Jagannath Temple located in the city. It is one of the original Char Dham pilgrimage sites for Hindus.
Shri Jagannath temple(Odia: ଶ୍ରୀ ଜଗନ୍ନାଥ ମନ୍ଦିର) is a temple located in Koraput, Odisha, India. It is not only built as an altar for worship, but also as a multipurpose area for Jagannath consciousness. Jagannath consciousness is the main theme of Jagannath which can not be confined within the limits of a traditional religious theological order, because it is a cult.
Rasgulla is a syrupy dessert popular in the eastern part of South Asia. It is made from ball-shaped dumplings of chhena dough, cooked in light sugar syrup made of sugar. This is done until the syrup permeates the dumplings.
The Jagannath Temple is an important Hindu temple dedicated to Jagannath, a form of Vishnu – one of the trinity of supreme divinity in Hinduism. Puri is in the state of Odisha, on the eastern coast of India. King Indradyumna of Avanti has built the main temple of Jagannath at Puri. The present temple was rebuilt from the tenth 10th century onwards, on the site of pre-existing temples in the compound but not the main Jagannatha temple, and begun by Anantavarman Chodaganga, the first king of the Eastern Ganga dynasty. many rumours are spread about the temple but there is no solid proof of it.
Salabega was an Odia religious poet of India in the early 17th century who wrote Jagannatha bhajans. He was Muslim by birth but his devotion for the Hindu God made Lord Jagannath stop his Ratha Jātrā in Odisha for him to get darshan. His famous Bhajan 'Ahe Nila Saila' lives to this day.
Nabakalebara also spelled as Navakalevara is the ritualistic recreation of the wooden icons of four Hindu deities at Jagannath Temple, Puri. The ritual is performed during the 8th, 12th, or 19th year after the previous Nabakalebara.
Gundicha Temple, is a Hindu temple, situated in the temple town of Puri in the state of Odisha, India. It is significant for being the destination of the celebrated annual Rath Yatra of Puri. While it remains vacant most of the year, the temple is occupied by images of the deities of Jagannath, his brother Balabhadra and sister Subhadra for seven complete days every year during the annual Rath Yatra festival.
The Char Dham, also rendered the Chatur Dhama is a set of four pilgrimage sites in India. It is believed that visiting these sites helps achieve moksha (salvation). The four Dhams are Badrinath, Dwarka, Jagannath and Rameswaram. It is believed that every Hindu should visit the Char Dhams during one's lifetime. The Char Dham as defined by Adi Shankara consists of four Hindu pilgrimage sites. These main 'dhamas' are the shrines of Vishnu and Rameshwaram is a shrine of Shiva. All the 'dhamas' are related to four epochs,(1) Dham of Satyuga- Badrinath, Uttarakhand (2) Dham of Tretayuga -Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu (3) Dham of Dwaparayuga - Dvaraka, Gujarat (4) Dham of Kaliyuga - Jagannatha Puri, Odisha.
Baladevjew Temple is situated in Ichhapur, Kendrapara, Odisha, India. Baladevjew Temple is a very famous temple of Odisha and Balarama is its main divinity. However, Jagannath and Subhadra are also worshipped in the Ratna Sinhasan in the main temple. An idol representing tulasi as a goddess in a seated position is also present after the sacred seven steps.
Dahuka boli are poetic recitations which Dahukas, the charioteer who recite during the Rath Yatra in Puri, Odisha. Ratha Yatra being a symbolic expression of fertility and Life cycle, these "boli" sung by the Dahuka contain bawdy songs. It is believed that unless the Dahuka boli is sung 'Ratha' doesn't move. These songs are sung publicly without any kind of hold on the lyrics. Dahuka controls the movement of Ratha during the festival. This tradition is the remnant of Vajrayana Buddhism in Odisha and the lyrics bear the signature of the Vajrayana Buddhist poetry. The Dahukas are believed to be the descends of the famous 84 Mahasiddhas.
Ratha Yatra, or Chariot festival, is any public procession in a chariot. The term particularly refers to the annual Ratha Yatra in Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal and other East Indian states, particularly the Odia festival that involve a public procession with a chariot with deities Jagannath, Balabhadra, Subhadra and Sudarshana Chakra on a ratha, a wooden deula-shaped chariot. Ratha Yatra processions have been historically common in Vishnu-related traditions in Hinduism across India, in Shiva-related traditions, saints and goddesses in Nepal, with Tirthankaras in Jainism, as well as tribal folk religions found in the eastern states of India. Notable Ratha Yatras in India include the Ratha Yatra of Puri, the Dhamrai Ratha Yatra and the Ratha Yatra of Mahesh. Hindu communities outside India, such as in Singapore, celebrate Ratha Yatra such as those associated with Jagannath, Krishna, Shiva and Mariamman. According to Knut Jacobsen, a Ratha Yatra has religious origins and meaning, but the events have a major community heritage, social sharing and cultural significance to the organizers and participants.
The Nabakalebara 2015 is a celebration of the ancient ritual of the Nabakalebara associated with most of the Jagannath Temples when the idols of Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra, Subhadra and Sudarshan are replaced by a new set of idols; the last such festival of events was held in 1996. The period of the festival is chosen according to the Hindu Calendar, conforming to the astrological planetary positions. The festival during 2015 involves several schedules, and it has started from 23 March with Banajaga Yatra and will conclude with Rathayatra followed Sunabesa on 27 July, with many other rituals being held in between on specific dates. More than 5 million devotees are expected to participate in these rituals held in and around the temple complex of the Jagannath Temple, Puri, Odisha.
Suna Besha, also known as Rajadhiraja beshaRaja Besha and Rajarajeshwara Besha, is an event when the Hindu deities Jagannath, Balabhadra and Subhadra are adorned with gold jewelry. Suna Bhesha is observed 5 times during a year. It is commonly observed on [pousha purnima ] Purnima (January), Bahuda Ekadashi (July), Dashahara (October), Kartik Purnima (November), and Dola Purnima (march). The name Suna Bhesha is derived from two words, 'Suna' meaning "gold" and 'Bhesha' meaning "costume".
Jagannath Temple, Rayagada, stands at the southern side of the town Rayagada. The temple was originally built more than 50 years back.
Dibyasingha Deba, known by the symbolic regnal title as Gajapati Maharaja Divyasingha Deva IV is the current titular Gajapati Maharaja and the King of Puri. He is the current head of the house of Bhoi dynasty, who were the hereditary rulers of the ancient realm of Trikalinga, medieval era Khurda Kingdom and the rulers of the Puri Estate, with their current capital located at Puri. The Gajapati Maharaja is the current Adhyasevaka of Lord Jagannatha and according to customs also considered to be the living reflection of the Lord. He is also the chairman of the Shri Jagannatha Temple Managing Committee of the Jagannath Temple at Puri.
The Puri Estate was an estate ruled by the main branch of the Bhoi dynasty, who were reinstated in Puri in 1809 following the 1804 rebellion against the British and annexation of the Khurda Kingdom which were under their control. After the rebellion led by the Khurda king, Mukunda Deva II, the British decided to take control of the administration of the Khurda kingdom and Mukunda Deva II was exiled to Cuttack and Mindapore but was later reinstated and pensioned off to Puri to remain as a titular head of the dynasty while retaining control over the Jagannath Temple.
Gajapati is a regnal title from the region of modern Odisha in the Indian subcontinent. The word ‘Gajapati’ in Odia refers to "Gaja" meaning elephant and "Pati" meaning master or husband. Thus Gajapati etymologically means a king with an army of elephants. The institution of Gajapati kingship as a title was used by the Eastern Ganga dynasty and was used by succeeding dynasties, with the patronisation of Lord Jagannatha as the imperial deity of the Odia cultural realm.
This is the only beshas when Lord Jagannath's elder brother Lord Balabhadra occupied the central place
It is done on any Saturday or Wednesday between the new moon day of magha and basanta panchami
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